초등학교에서의 Orchestra 지도 방안 : 어린이 개별 악기 지도를 중심으로

박상하,양혜란 광주교육대학교 초등교육연구소 2000 初等敎育硏究 Vol.15 No.1

Of the music education Orchestra has a pretty long in the field of ensemble, and it is said to be the ultimate and best objective of ensemble. Of the music education of which the goal is to train a man of rich emotion, the instruction of Orchestra takes a responsibility of the part of producing a "wholly functioning man". 송 research of several studies shows that most of the instruction of the Orchestra have been developed under such a goal in welfare-country in the world. Therefore, it is desirable to instruct comprehensively in the dimension of producing a wholly functioning man-especially in the elementary talent, interest and competence. In addition we should put emphasis on accessing music by acquiring the exciting way of the interesting parts of learning rather than instructing the talent which they already had in order. Thus, let them appreciate the music deeply along with the children's growth by instructing impromptu playing or having some creativity and let them have self-expression activity. In each grade of the school, the reality is that the instruction of Orchestra is not for improving the education of their emotion or using leisure time productively but for acquiring excellent grade through participation of some events or several contests centering improving place to express children's emotion should be guided or managed more educationally. In Korea, Few elementary schools have Orchestra Education, but it is desirable to provide and develop any of educational aids by aiming the objective that it is possible for Korean children to become the member of world Orchestra someday

한국 범종에 대한 음향 및 선호도 분석

박상하,이민구,한나라,성굉모,Park, Sang-Ha,Lee, Min-Gu,Hahn, Na-Ra,Sung, Koeng-Mo 한국음향학회 2011 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.30 No.5

The sounds of the Korean temple bells, that are located in the various places, were recorded and classified into two groups according to the size of bells. The sound preference was investigated with the subjective listening test on the bells of each group. And the acoustic characteristics of the bells such as the frequency, amplitude, beat period, and 20 dB decay rate of the partials was analyzed. The correlation between the acoustic parameters and timbre preference were analyzed and the acoustic characteristics of highly preferred bell sound were presented. 본 논문에서는 전국 각지의 범종 소리를 녹음하고 이를 크기에 따라 두 개의 그룹으로 분류한 후, 두 그룹에 대하여 주관청취 평가를 시행하여 사람들이 어떤 범종 소리를 선호하는지 조사하였다. 또한, 범종 음향 분석을 통해 부분음의 위치, 크기, 맥놀이 주기, 20 dB 감쇠 시간을 분석하였다. 이후, 분석된 음향학적 파라미터와 선호도의 상관관계를 파악함으로써 선호도가 높은 범종과 선호도가 낮은 범종을 구분짓는 음향학적 특징을 알아보았다.

미국 초등학교의 현황과 교사 양성 프로그램 : California State를 중심으로

박상하 光州敎育大學校 初等敎育硏究所 1996 初等敎育硏究 Vol.11 No.1

단시간 착석과 성별에 따른 계단보행 시 대퇴사두근 근활성도 비교분석

박상하,김두현,천사빈,첸첸,김태규,김영훈,박재명,박종철 한국운동역학회 2023 한국운동역학회지 Vol.33 No.1

Objective: The purpose of this was to find out the muscle activity of the quadriceps femoris by gender when sitting on a chair while performing stairs gait (US; Up-stairs, DS; Down-stairs). Method: 13 male subjects (age: 22.00 ± 1.68 yrs, height: 174.85 ± 6.10 cm, weight: 68.15 ± 9.83 kg) and 15 female subjects (age: 21.17 ± 1.58 yrs, height: 168.20 ± 5.55 cm, weight: 55.73 ± 6.94 kg) participated in this study. The study used wireless three channel EMG. Results: In this study, there was no gender difference in quadriceps femoris activity during the US and DS periods, and there was no significant difference between the male group before and after postural maintenance during the US and DS periods. The quadriceps muscle of the female group also did not show a significant difference before and after US sitting. However, the vastus medialis muscle activity during DS in the female group was significantly lower after application than before application of maintaining a sitting posture (p<.05). There was no interaction effect between the 15-minute sitting position application and gender. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that sitting in a chair affects the transient functioning of the quadriceps muscle in women. Therefore, emphasize the need for active rest when sitting in a chair for long periods of time.

비음수 행렬 분해 (NMF)를 이용한 악보 전사

박상하,이석진,성굉모,Park, Sang-Ha,Lee, Seok-Jin,Sung, Koeng-Mo 한국음향학회 2010 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.29 No.2

악보 전사란, 오디오 파일로부터 음고 (음표의 높낮이)와 리듬 (음표의 길이) 정보를 추출하여 악보를 만드는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 음원 분리 및 데이터 분류에 자주 사용되는 Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF)와 Non-Negative Sparse Coding (NNSC) 방식을 사용하여 오디오 파일을 주파수와 리듬 성분으로 분류하였다. 또한 배음 통합 (subharmonic summation) 방법으로 분류된 주파수들로부터 기본 진동 주파수를 계산하였고, 이로써 악보를 야루는 음표의 높낮이를 정확히 얻을 수 있었다. 제안한 방식으로 악보 전사거 성공적으로 이루어졌고, NMF 혹은 NNSC만 사용하여 악보 전사를 하였던 기존의 논문들에 비해 향상된 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. Music transcription is extracting pitch (the height of a musical note) and rhythm (the length of a musical note) information from audio file and making a music score. In this paper, we decomposed a waveform into frequency and rhythm components using Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) and Non-Negative Sparse coding (NNSC) which are often used for source separation and data clustering. And using the subharmonic summation method, fundamental frequency is calculated from the decomposed frequency components. Therefore, the accurate pitch of each score can be estimated. The proposed method successfully performed music transcription with its results superior to those of the conventional methods which used either NMF or NNSC.

[P3-57] 백연잎 분말을 이용한 가공식품에 관하여

박상하,강우원,정사무엘 한국식품영양과학회 2008 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2008 No.10

편경 제작용 경석 표본의 역학적 물성 측정

박상하,노정욱,성굉모,Park, Sang-Ha,Noh, Jung-Uk,Sung, Koeng-Mo 한국음향학회 2008 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.27 No.4

본 논문에서는 편경 제작에 사용되는 경석 표본의 기본적인 역학적 물성을 측정하였다. 물성값들은 돌을 파괴하지 않고 음파를 이용하여 측정되었고, 측정한 물성값들은 경석 표본의 밀도 및 준종파 (extensional wave)와 굽힘파 (bending wave)의 고유 진동 주파수, 그리고 이를 통하여 구한 영률 (Young's modulus)이다. 영률을 구하기 위하여 준종파와 굽힘파의 주파수 스펙트럼 분석을 통해 얻은 첫 번째 고유 진동 주파수 값을 이용하였고, 보의 준종파와 굽힘파에 대한 이론적 고찰과 실험으로 경석 표본의 영률을 구하였다. 그 결과, 준종파와 굽힘파의 고유 진동 주파수로 2%의 이내의 편차를 갖는 경석 표본의 영률을 구하였다. In this paper, we have measured the fundamental properties of chime stone for Pyeongyeong. The properties are measured by wave propagation in the stone without destroying the stones, the measured properties are the chime stone density, natural frequencies of extensional wave and bending wave, and Young's modulus which is calculated by the measured properties. To find a value for Young's modulus, the fundamental frequencies which are obtained through spectrum analysis of extensional wave and bending wave are used. We calculated Young's modulus of chime stone by theoretical study and measurement on extensional wave and bending wave of the beam. As a result, we obtained Young's modulus by the fundamental frequencies of extensional wave and bending wave which deviation is within 2%.

사회적경제와 복지혼합

박상하 국제지역학회 2018 국제지역학회 춘계학술대회 Vol.2018 No.-

Effects of Repeated Citalopram Treatments on Chronic Mild Stress- Induced Growth Associated Protein-43 mRNA Expression in Rat Hippocampus

박상하,최송현,이지민,강승우,신유찬,김현주,김현정,신승건,이민수,신경호 대한약리학회 2008 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.12 No.3

Although growth associated protein-43 (GAP-43) is known to play a significant role in the regulation of axonal growth and the formation of new neuronal connections in the hippocampus, there is only a few studies on the effects of acute stress on GAP-43 mRNA expression in the hippocampus. Moreover, the effects of repeated citalopram treatment on chronic mild stress (CMS)-induced changes in GAP-43 mRNA expression in the hippocampus have not been explored before. To explore this question, male rats were exposed to acute immobilization stress or CMS. Also, citalopram was given prior to stress everyday during CMS procedures. Acute immobilization stress significantly increased GAP-43 mRNA expression in all subfields of the hippocampus, while CMS significantly decreased GAP-43 mRNA expression in the dentate granule cell layer (GCL). Repeated citalopram treatment decreased GAP-43 mRNA expression in the GCL compared with unstressed controls, but this decrease was not further potentiated by CMS exposure. Similar decreases in GAP-43 mRNA expression were observed in CA1, CA3 and CA4 areas of the hippocampus only after repeated citalopram treatment in CMS-exposed rats. This result indicates that GAP-43 mRNA expression in the hippocampus may differently respond to acute and chronic stress, and that repeated citalopram treatment does not change CMS-induced decreases in GAP-43 mRNA expression in the GCL. Although growth associated protein-43 (GAP-43) is known to play a significant role in the regulation of axonal growth and the formation of new neuronal connections in the hippocampus, there is only a few studies on the effects of acute stress on GAP-43 mRNA expression in the hippocampus. Moreover, the effects of repeated citalopram treatment on chronic mild stress (CMS)-induced changes in GAP-43 mRNA expression in the hippocampus have not been explored before. To explore this question, male rats were exposed to acute immobilization stress or CMS. Also, citalopram was given prior to stress everyday during CMS procedures. Acute immobilization stress significantly increased GAP-43 mRNA expression in all subfields of the hippocampus, while CMS significantly decreased GAP-43 mRNA expression in the dentate granule cell layer (GCL). Repeated citalopram treatment decreased GAP-43 mRNA expression in the GCL compared with unstressed controls, but this decrease was not further potentiated by CMS exposure. Similar decreases in GAP-43 mRNA expression were observed in CA1, CA3 and CA4 areas of the hippocampus only after repeated citalopram treatment in CMS-exposed rats. This result indicates that GAP-43 mRNA expression in the hippocampus may differently respond to acute and chronic stress, and that repeated citalopram treatment does not change CMS-induced decreases in GAP-43 mRNA expression in the GCL.

마이크로몰딩의 이형성 향상을 위한 소수성 Self-assembled Monolayer(SAM) 코팅

박상하,한승오,박종연,문성욱,박정호 대한전기학회 2002 전기학회논문지C Vol.51 No.4

- In this paper, the surface modification effect of self-assembled monolayer(SAM) of 1-dodecanethiol [CH3(CH2)11SH] used as an anti-adhesive film in micromolding process was studied. Monolayers of 1-dodecanethiol[CH3(CH2)11SH] were obtained by immersing a metal plate in pure 1-dodecanethiol. SAM film on the nickel plate has been examined by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). The focus has been placed on S-Ni bonding. From the XPS analysis, sulfur atoms were detected from the SAM film as a chemical composition of S-Ni. In order to measure an adhesion force of the SAM-coated nickel surface, atomic force microscopy(AFM) was used in force-distance mode, which shows the micro-adhesive force on solid surfaces. It was shown that adhesion forces measured from the SAM-coated nickel surface and the Ni surface without SAM coating were 3.52nN and 5.32nN, respectively. In order to investigate the effect of SAM coating on the surface roughness of the replica in demolding process, hot embossing experiments were performed using a SAM-coated nickel master and a nickel master without SAM coating. Surface roughness of replica from the SAM-coated master showed 25nm and that of replica from master without SAM coating was 35nm. The smoother surface roughness of the replica from the SAM-coated master is believed to result from reduction in the adhesion forces