청소년의 반사회적 성격 및 태도에 관한 연구

민혜숙 中央醫學社 1988 中央醫學 Vol.53 No.4

The object of this study is to contribute to the prevention, consultation and treatment of adolescent problems by analysing the relationships between anti-social personality and attitude, and the factors of students' family environment. This sample of the study consists of 883 freshmen of a technical college. We surveyed this sample by utilizing 35 items developed by Min. & et al. which are related to anti-social personality and attitude. The findings of this study are as follows. 1. The items of anti-social personality of higher score relative to other items are guiltless drive, Lack of understanding, insincerity impulse, withdrawal drive and so on. 2. The items of anti-social attitude of higher score relation to other items are correction of adults misconception for sex, attitude toward money-oriented society, attitude toward violence-prone society and so on. 3. The factors of family environment which have influences upon anti-social personality are father's job, parents education, economic status, separation experience between parents and students and survival of parents. 4. The factor of family environment which has the most influence upon anti-social attitude is economic status of students' family. The solutions to these problems we can pose are the encouragement of extra-currichbar activity, continuous and fruitful communications with adults, the rational operation of the society and economy, and the increasing role of home as a plays of the formation of students values.

꽃과 여인, 그 직유와 은유― 이효석과 프루스트를 중심으로 ―

민혜숙 한국현대소설학회 2003 현대소설연구 Vol.- No.20

A study on the relation the flower with the woman - the simile and the metaphor on the flowers 꽃과 여인의 비유는 문학에서 흔한 것이고 통속적인 비유이기도 하다. 한국 작가중에서 꽃에 대한 다양한 비유를 사용한 이효석과 프랑스에서 식물과 꽃에 대한 묘사가 가장 탁월하다고 여겨지는 작가들 중 마르셀 프루스트를 택한 것은 꽃과 여인에 대한 비유를 많이 사용했다는 이유외에도 그들이 20세기 초반에 글쓰기를 하였다는 시대적인 배경도 참작한 것이다. 본고에서는 이효석의 단편들과 프루스트의 <잃어버린 시간을 찾아서>를 대상으로 꽃과 여인에 관한 비유를 도출해 보고 그것을 비교하고자 한다.두 작가를 비교해 본 결과 꽃이 여인에게 비유되는 직유의 사용은 이효석에게 많이 나타났으며 은유적인 사용은 프루스트에게서 두드러졌다. 꽃과 여인의 비유를 은유적으로 사용한 경우에도 이효석은 작품속에서 그 은유에 대해 지적이고 논리적으로 설명하고 있기 때문에 확장된 직유의 성격에 가까운 경우도 있었다. <메밀꽃 필 무렵>의 나귀처럼 동물에 대한 뛰어난 은유가 있지만 이 논문에서는 식물에 국한하였음으로 이효석의 동물 비유는 다루지 않았다. 프루스트는 꽃과 여인을 암시적으로 표현하고 있으며 작품 곳곳에 숨어 있는 다른 은유적 상징을 통해 그 해석의 단서를 찾을 수 있게 하였다. 이것이 동양적 글쓰기와 서양적 글쓰기의 차이점이라고 단정할 수는 없다. 다만 프루스트의 작품은 장편이고 이효석의 작품은 주로 단편을 대상으로 했다는 것과 서양의 오랜 수사학적 전통에 따라 이미지를 통한 몽상으로 이끄는 데 더 익숙한 분위기 속에서 나온 프루스트의 글쓰기, 그리고 그가 은유에 대한 축적된 연구 기반에서 은유에 대한 이해가 남달랐다고 보는 편이 타당할 것이다.본고에서는 이효석과 프루스트가 사용한 꽃에 대한 직유와 은유를 비교하고 그 사용의 효과에 대해 고찰해 보았다. 그러나 직유와 은유에 대한 개념을 설정하는 기준에 따라 그 경계는 모호해진다. 이효석도 꽃의 이미지를 사용하여 분위기와 전체적인 흐름에 부합한 탁월한 은유를 사용하였으나 프루스트처럼 심층적인 몽상에 이르지 못한 것은 프루스트가 3000페이지에 달하는 긴 작품속에서 비유를 사용한데 반해, 이효석은 짧은 단편속에서 비유를 사용하였기 때문이라고 볼 수도 있다. 이러한 점을 감안하고 이효석이 꽃의 단순한 특징과 인물을 비유하면서 객관적 묘사에 치중하는 직유를 사용한 반면 프루스트의 경우는 꽃의 이미지에 대한 몽상을 통해 심층적인 의미까지 표현하고 있으며 꽃에 대한 묘사 자체가 상당히 길고 세밀하여 주관성이 많이 가미되어 있음을 알 수 있다. 주관성이 개입되어 있기 때문에 창의적인 은유라고 볼 수 있지만 그만큼 난해하고 보편성을 획득하기 어려운 점도 있다. 작가가 은밀하게 표현하고자 하는 의미가 꽃의 상징속에 숨어 있으므로 세밀한 독서가 요구된다. 아직 미흡하지만, 꽃에 대한 직유와 은유를 고찰하는 이 작업이 앞으로의 연구의 단초가 되어 작가들의 글쓰기와 독자들의 해석과정에서 직유와 은유의 활용과 해석에 대해 도움이 되었으면 한다.

전문성 이식을 통한 딥러닝 기반 전문 이미지 해석 방법론

김태진(Taejin Kim),김남규(Namgyu Kim) 한국지능정보시스템학회 2020 지능정보연구 Vol.26 No.2

최근 텍스트와 이미지 딥러닝 기술의 괄목할만한 발전에 힘입어, 두 분야의 접점에 해당하는 이미지 캡셔닝에 대한 관심이 급증하고 있다. 이미지 캡셔닝은 주어진 이미지에 대한 캡션을 자동으로 생성하는 기술로, 이미지 이해와 텍스트 생성을 동시에 다룬다. 다양한 활용 가능성 덕분에 인공지능의 핵심 연구 분야 중 하나로 자리매김하고 있으며, 성능을 다양한 측면에서 향상시키고자 하는 시도가 꾸준히 이루어지고 있다. 하지만 이처럼 이미지 캡셔닝의 성능을 고도화하기 위한 최근의 많은 노력에도 불구하고, 이미지를 일반인이 아닌 분야별 전문가의 시각에서 해석하기 위한 연구는 찾아보기 어렵다. 동일한 이미지에 대해서도 이미지를 접한 사람의 전문 분야에 따라 관심을 갖고 주목하는 부분이 상이할 뿐 아니라, 전문성의 수준에 따라 이를 해석하고 표현하는 방식도 다르다. 이에 본 연구에서는 전문가의 전문성을 활용하여 이미지에 대해 해당 분야에 특화된 캡션을 생성하기 위한 방안을 제안한다. 구체적으로 제안 방법론은 방대한 양의 일반 데이터에 대해 사전 학습을 수행한 후, 소량의 전문 데이터에 대한 전이 학습을 통해 해당 분야의 전문성을 이식한다. 또한 본 연구에서는 이 과정에서 발생하게 되는 관찰간 간섭 문제를 해결하기 위해 ‘특성 독립 전이 학습’ 방안을 제안한다. 제안 방법론의 실현 가능성을 파악하기 위해 MSCOCO의 이미지-캡션 데이터 셋을 활용하여 사전 학습을 수행하고, 미술 치료사의 자문을 토대로 생성한 ‘이미지-전문 캡션’ 데이터를 활용하여 전문성을 이식하는 실험을 수행하였다. 실험 결과 일반 데이터에 대한 학습을 통해 생성된 캡션은 전문적 해석과 무관한 내용을 다수 포함하는 것과 달리, 제안 방법론에 따라 생성된 캡션은 이식된 전문성 관점에서의 캡션을 생성함을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 전문 이미지 해석이라는 새로운 연구 목표를 제안하였고, 이를 위해 전이 학습의 새로운 활용 방안과 특정 도메인에 특화된 캡션을 생성하는 방법을 제시하였다. Recently, as deep learning has attracted attention, the use of deep learning is being considered as a method for solving problems in various fields. In particular, deep learning is known to have excellent performance when applied to applying unstructured data such as text, sound and images, and many studies have proven its effectiveness. Owing to the remarkable development of text and image deep learning technology, interests in image captioning technology and its application is rapidly increasing. Image captioning is a technique that automatically generates relevant captions for a given image by handling both image comprehension and text generation simultaneously. In spite of the high entry barrier of image captioning that analysts should be able to process both image and text data, image captioning has established itself as one of the key fields in the A.I. research owing to its various applicability. In addition, many researches have been conducted to improve the performance of image captioning in various aspects. Recent researches attempt to create advanced captions that can not only describe an image accurately, but also convey the information contained in the image more sophisticatedly. Despite many recent efforts to improve the performance of image captioning, it is difficult to find any researches to interpret images from the perspective of domain experts in each field not from the perspective of the general public. Even for the same image, the part of interests may differ according to the professional field of the person who has encountered the image. Moreover, the way of interpreting and expressing the image also differs according to the level of expertise. The public tends to recognize the image from a holistic and general perspective, that is, from the perspective of identifying the image’s constituent objects and their relationships. On the contrary, the domain experts tend to recognize the image by focusing on some specific elements necessary to interpret the given image based on their expertise. It implies that meaningful parts of an image are mutually different depending on viewers" perspective even for the same image. So, image captioning needs to implement this phenomenon. Therefore, in this study, we propose a method to generate captions specialized in each domain for the image by utilizing the expertise of experts in the corresponding domain. Specifically, after performing pre-training on a large amount of general data, the expertise in the field is transplanted through transfer-learning with a small amount of expertise data. However, simple adaption of transfer learning using expertise data may invoke another type of problems. Simultaneous learning with captions of various characteristics may invoke so-called ‘inter-observation interference’ problem, which make it difficult to perform pure learning of each characteristic point of view. For learning with vast amount of data, most of this interference is self-purified and has little impact on learning results. On the contrary, in the case of fine-tuning where learning is performed on a small amount of data, the impact of such interference on learning can be relatively large. To solve this problem, therefore, we propose a novel ‘Character-Independent Transfer-learning’ that performs transfer learning independently for each character. In order to confirm the feasibility of the proposed methodology, we performed experiments utilizing the results of pre-training on MSCOCO dataset which is comprised of 120,000 images and about 600,000 general captions. Additionally, according to the advice of an art therapist, about 300 pairs of ‘image / expertise captions’ were created, and the data was used for the experiments of expertise transplantation. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that the caption generated according to the proposed methodology generates captions from the perspective of implanted expertise whereas the caption generated thro

Acute Biocompatibility of X-Ray Visible Bioabsorbable Bone Plate Coated with β-Tricalcium Phosphate and Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)

민혜숙,허우준,이원석,최성윤,민혜정,이승호,최영빈,최태현 한국고분자학회 2016 Macromolecular Research Vol.24 No.5

To allow X-ray visibility, we coated a bioabsorbable bone plate in clinical use (PLT-1031, Inion, Finland) with a layer made of a composite of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) (i.e., β-TCP/PLGA plate) and assessed its in vivo acute biocompatibility for 4 months. For this, we fixed an intact Inion plate and β-TCP/PLGA plate on the left and right humeri of a New Zealand White rabbit, respectively. According to the X-ray imaging, the β-TCP/PLGA plate was observable for 2 weeks after the implantation while the intact plate was not visible during the whole tested period. To evaluate the biocompatibility of the plate, we performed a histological analysis with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining on the tissues obtained at scheduled times. After being tested for 4 months, the overall biocompatibility of the β-TCP/PLGA plate was similar to that of the intact Inion plate and there was also no significant difference in bone repair process between the two plates. On the 5 day after the implantation, both plates exhibited a similar state of early reparative tissue reaction, showing tissue necrosis, abscess formation, and neutrophilic infiltration. In the 2 weeks, inflammation and granulation tissue formation around the plate extended to the skeletal muscle and fat tissue. This gradually decreased through the end of the experiment with only a few foreign body giant cells and macrophages remaining in the fibrotic tissue.

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민혜숙 심미안 2009 문학들 Vol.- No.15

영화 [실미도]의 대중성 연구

민혜숙 현대문학이론학회 2009 現代文學理論硏究 Vol.0 No.37

[Silmido] is the first movie that drew cinema audiences totaling 10 million people in Korea. So, this film with audience appeal is well worth analysing the causes of success. There are several reasons, the first is reality-based movie. [Silmido] is produced on the fact, the true story which can be traced back to the 1968's attack Blue House by 31 armed North Korean guerrillas. In other to cope with the situation, South Korean Army trained 31 people of lower classes like condemned criminals and orphans in Silmi island to attack Pyeongyang. But with the change of policy, 31 trainees need to be eliminated. They resisted the authority and escaped from the island but were shot down. This is a tragedy hidden during 32 years. The story line is very shocking and it helps to draw the audience's attention. The second reason is that [Silmido] has attractive popular narrative skills. One of them is an oppositive dichotomy skill. The governor and the subject, the good and the evil, the strong and the weak, the group and the individual, the South and the North, etc. The antagonistic relationship reveals the essences of the problems more easily. The irony of reverse and the pursuit of identity are also the narrative skills used in [Silmido]. [Silmido] became a famous movie based on the fact with popular narrative skills.

한국의 의료수요 결정요인에 관한 연구 : 의료보험 실시 이전과 이후의 비교 The Comparison of those determinants before and after the initiation of National Medical Insurance

민혜숙 中央醫學社 1990 中央醫學 Vol.55 No.9

The objective of this study is to find out the characteristics of Korean demand for medical care from 1970 to 1987. Expecially we choose the economic factors among various factors, which have influences on the demand for medical care, build some models of Korean medical care, estimate the coefficients of these models, and interpret the implication of the estimated results. The implications of this results are as follows. Firstly, we get the coefficients of price and income, which are in accordance with the demand theory. Secondly, the pride elasticity of outpatient demand is higher than that of inpatient demand, but the reverse is true in the case of income elasticity. Thirdly, the hypothesis that medical manpower creats the demand for medical care is interpreted to be applicable to korean case. Fourthly, It is confirmed that there is much change in terms of structure and quality of Korean demand for medical care after the initiation of the national medical insurance. Fifthly, after the national medical insurance begins, the price elasticities of outpatient and inpatients become much higher than before, but the income elasticities of them become a little higher than before.

바꿔드림론 5주년 평가 및 시사점

민혜숙 한국자산관리공사 2014 캠코리뷰 Vol.- No.1

Emergency Department Utilization of Adult Cancer Patient in Korea: A Nationwide Population-Based Study, 2017-2019

민혜숙,장혜정,성호경 대한암학회 2022 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.54 No.3

PurposeThe current study aimed to identify the overall characteristics of cancer-related emergency department (ED) visits by adult in Korea, including analyses of factors associated with ED stay time and outcomes nationwide. Materials and MethodsWe collected data on cancer-related ED visits from the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) database between 2017 and 2019. ResultsED visits by cancer patients comprised 5.5% (667,935 visits) of total ED visits from 2017 to 2019, which was slightly higher than in other counties. Patients with cancer who visited the ED were over 50 years old, the majority being males, and patients with cancer visited EDs in certified tertiary hospitals more frequently than patients without cancer. In multivariate analyses, the adjusted odds ratio for a length of stay more than 8 hours in the ED of certified tertiary hospitals was 126.34 (95% confidence interval, 1.422 to 1.460) when compared to hospitals. Nevertheless, the longer the patients stayed in the ED, the more likely they were to be admitted. ConclusionThe longer ED stay and higher proportion of cancer patient hospitalizations suggest that cancer patients visit ED to be admitted as well as to receive acute care. The frequency of ED visits and admission may be adjusted to some extent depending on outpatient education, such as self-management of symptoms and situations. Improving cancer care in local communities should be met though provisions such as linking treatment between hospitals or supplying appropriate medical personnel, even for the efficient use of ED resources in hospitals.

Income Difference in Attitudes towards Cancer in General Population: Findings from a National Survey

민혜숙,박진실,김영애,양형국,박기호 대한의학회 2018 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.33 No.33

Background: To better understand cancer-related health behaviors, it is critical to know how general populations with different socioeconomic and demographic backgrounds perceive cancer. The current paper explored differences in general attitudes and beliefs towards cancer among Koreans. Methods: A cross-sectional national survey was conducted for 1,000 Korean participants who were not cancer patients and did not have immediate family members with cancer via proportional quota random sampling. General attitudes and beliefs about cancer were measured by face-to-face interview using the awareness and beliefs about cancer (ABC) measure. Results: Most respondents (84.8%–88.5%) had optimistic attitudes towards cancer. However, 35.6% to 87.7% agreed with negative cancer beliefs across all age groups simultaneously. Socioeconomic disparity of positive cancer beliefs was not evident. Unexpectedly, the highest income group agreed more strongly with the negatively framed statements that cancer treatment is worse than the cancer itself (odds ratio [OR], 2.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31–5.53), that they would not want to know if they have cancer (OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 0.94–2.75), and that a cancer diagnosis is a death sentence (OR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.34–4.01), than the lowest income group. Conclusion: The present results imply a complicated context of cancer beliefs in Korea, unlike those shown in the studies of western populations. While the contradictory attitudes toward cancer can be attributable to the dual nature of information processing, social environment might have played a role. The association between socioeconomic status and negative attitudes toward cancer may vary depending on the diversity of the contexts.