일 지역사회거주 치매의심 노인에서 Apolipoprotein E ${\varepsilon}4$와 인지기능 간의 연관성

문석우,서정석,남범우,최진영,이창훈,박경운,김기웅,Moon, Seok Woo,Seo, Jeong Seok,Nam, Beom Woo,Choi, Jin Young,Lee, Chang Hoon,Park, Kyoung Un,Kim, Ki Woong 대한생물정신의학회 2008 생물정신의학 Vol.15 No.1

Objectives : It was the aim of the present paper to examine the impact of the apolipoprotein E(APOE) ${\varepsilon}4$ on cognitive performance in community-dwelling elderly samples with 'questionable dementia'. Methods : Total 295 samples who were diagnosed with 'questionable dementia' in the recent year and completed the Korean version of the Consortium Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease(CERAD-K) neuropsychological assessment protocol, were recruited. The CDR test established score of 0.5. Genomic DNA was extracted from the venous blood and APOE genotyping was done in this group. Their cognitive performance was compared by the occurrence of the APOE ${\varepsilon}4$ allele. Results : The impact of ${\varepsilon}4$ allele was significant in the Word List Recall Test(WLRT, F=4.511, df=1, p=0.035). The 'young-old' group aged 75 years and under had a significantly lower performance on the Word List Recall Test(WLRT, F=5.090, df=1, p=0.015), but the 'old-old' group over 75 years of age had not significantly different performance on the all the item of tests in ${\varepsilon}4$+ allele group. Conclusion : The conclusion to be drawn here is that community-dwelling elderly samples with ${\varepsilon}4$ allele in 'questionable dementia' had a significantly lower performance on the Word List Recall Test in the CERAD-K neuropsychological test batteries and the effect was prominent in the 'young-old' age group.

가족력 있는 전측두엽치매 1예

문석우(Seok Woo Moon),함웅(Woong Hahm),이규항(Kyu Hang Lee) 대한노인정신의학회 2003 노인정신의학 Vol.7 No.2

The average age of frontotemporal dementia onset is much younger than that of the Alzheimer's disease. Behavioral disturbances occur at the early stage of frontotemporal dementia, and social dysfunction and personality deterioration may ensue. For this reason, it may be misdiagnosed as other psychiatric disorders. Therefore, more careful observation and concern is required for proper diagnosis. This report is about the case of a patient who had been misdiagnosed of disorders like schizotypal personality disorder, schizophrenia, obsessive compulsive disorder etc., and therefore have been treated for those. We reviewed this case based on the data of neuropsychiatric history, family history, neuropsychological test, brain MRI, and SPECT, and considered this case as frontotemporal dementia with family history. This is the first frontotemporal dementia case with family history in Korea, so hereafter we may discover the gene locus associated with this case. This study can be very useful for the following frontotemporal dementia studies in Korea.

조기발병 경도인지장애에서 해마 부분체의 구조적 변화

문석우(Seok Woo Moon),유도연(Do Yen Yoo) 대한생물치료정신의학회 2021 생물치료정신의학 Vol.27 No.1

Objectives:The aim of this study was to examine the structural change in the hippocampal subfields in early-onset (EO) mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients associated with the APOE ε4 carrier state. Methods:This study had 50 subjects aged 55-63 years, all of whom were diagnosed with amnestic MCI at baseline via the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Packet (CERAD-K). The EO-MCI patients were divided into the MCI continued (MCIcont) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) converted (ADconv) groups 2 years later. The volumes of hippocampal subfields were measured for all the subjects. The calculations were based on the change of the volumes between the 2-year-interval brain Magnetic resonance image (MRI) scans between MCIcont and ADconv groups according to the Apolipoprotein ε4 (APOE ε4) carrier state. Results:There was a significant correlation between APOE ε4 allele and structural changes in several hippocampal subfields. The volume reduction in cornus ammonis 1 (CA1) field and subiculum, especially in the APOE ε4 carriers. The significance was more prominent in ADconv group. Conclusion:These results suggest that the possession of APOE ε4 allele may lead to significantly greater predilection for the structural changes in hippocampal subfields, showing significant changes, especially in the ADconv patients compared with MCIcont patients.

러시아의 혁명적 아방가르드 예술정신

문석우(Moon Seok Woo) 한국슬라브유라시아학회 2001 슬라브학보 Vol.16 No.1

On the 19th century, modern ideas. modern thoughts were reflected not only upon politics but culture and art, and therefore formed the representative currency of the respective periods. If realism concentrates its attention on the subject. 'how do we live?'. Then in the case of modernism, it asks, 'by what way do we have to live?'. However, the two trends in thought have a common point in that reason is respected and a reasonal world view is pointed to in them. (that they respect reason and point to a reasonal world view) And another representative artistic trend was an Avant-garde movement in Europe, which also reflected modern characteristics. The meanings of the word modernism are various, so when we mention in reference to the 20th century's forms of art, especially to the 20th century's literature, it is used very well. During the period from 1910s to '30s, the term, modernism, freed itself from the attitude of having general sympathy with modern things and had a more special relationship with the artistic experimental consciousness. This period went through the disordered state brought about by World War I and the economic panic. However, it was a period of great creation on the cultural dimension. A strange tension against the complex and varied world was centered on the modernist-writers' fundamental awareness. The writers found the situation they were continuously facing confounded reality and realized some of their problems in their writing method. Modernists, when they describing the experiences wearing high complexity, feel that the classical realism method is not appropriate, and therefore come to take many experiments through various methods in every artistic field. All these attempts inevitably tried to find new methods in order to transcend the greatly simplified experience which had been described by classical art. Hence, rather than just unfolding the plain story, juxtaposition was preferable, and irony rather than unified sentiment. The attitude of the writers or artists were seeking through modernism was usually to deny the authority and conventionality, and was a kind of Nihilism against the established culture. But while searching for the more complicated sentiment on reality, modernism seems to lose the balance of logicality, and this problem has been pointed out as a vulnerable point of modernism by numerous critics. On the contrary, the advocates of the point insisted that the successful experimental methods were much more delicate and complicated than the existing classical old ones, and more appropriate for today's reality, and therefore could help in forming the ultimately satisfactory logicality and the principle of order. In conclusion, the Avant-garde spirit's one characteristic must be the precise awareness of various problems in art, or the constant self-consciousness. The evidence can be showed off from the power and variety of criticism which helped the literature of modernism. We should put a significant meaning into the fact that the recent criticism begins to regard that modernism as an endeavor for providing modern experience through a proper manner, or a highly meaningful method of art.

우울증과 인지손상

문석우 ( Seok Woo Moon ) 한국정신병리진단분류학회 2008 精神病理學 Vol.17 No.1

The word pseudodementia implies that the depression is primary and that the poor cognitive impairment is a concomitant aspect of the primary condition and the cognitive affective disorder implies that the cognitive disorder is primary and that the affective symptom is secondary. Some elderly patients with depression appear irreversibly demented but fully recover cognitively with successful treatment of the depression. Several studies demonstrate that approximately the half of individuals who present with both depression and cognitive impairment is cognitively intact on long-term follow-up and that the other half develops a permanent cognitive disorder. I review evidence that supports the existence of the entity, depression induced cognitive impairment (DICI).

한국에서 투르게네프의 소개와 1910년에서 1930년대 한국문학에 미친 영향

문석우(Seok Woo Moon) 세계문학비교학회 ( 구 한국세계문학비교학회 ) 1997 世界文學比較硏究 Vol.1 No.-

체홉의 작품에서 음식과 욕망

문석우(Moon Seok-woo) 한국슬라브유라시아학회 2017 슬라브학보 Vol.32 No.3

There are only a few things that attract our attention as much as food in popular culture. Food is consumed under a desire which has been exaggerated more than the basic needs of eating and drinking. It is one of the inevitable elements in literature as it delivers personality, mood, and human status. In understanding people who have been brought up in different cultures or environments, food and food culture are important. This study speculates on the relationship between the socialization of individuals and food, and society itself and food. Socialization is a process which internalizes social values and culture. That is, socialization includes two supplementary processes, that is, transmission of social and cultural heritage, and formation of personality. Human socialization is derived from eating behaviors. Eating behavior is more than simply satisfying basic biological needs. Food intake is an important behavior which is culturally framed and socially decided. As eating is a human activity that includes social, psychological, and physiological levels eating in literature can be changed into a narrative symbol which has diverse symbolic functions in a wider cultural context as well as in daily living and literary works. Food is a subject of desire for the heroes of Chekhovʹs novels. Chekhovʹs heroes eat very well and very much. Food sometimes leads to an eating behavior, that is uncommon or informal. Such acts are often derived from the desire of resolving hunger or being differentiated from others. Chekhov intended to symbolically show the close relationship between the heroes through the stories where they remember and recollect food they ate in the past. When they share food, their relationship becomes closer. As seen, the food Chekhov described is not specially exotic. His novels describe food in detail and show a close or unnatural feeling the heroes experience. Food has a higher value in addition to getting rid of hunger. It is culture itself, living and ideology. For Chekhov, memories of taste that he shared with his family in childhood are stored in his memories. The taste of food he ate as a child reminds him of the feelings he had when he shared it with his family. At this time, the memories he is reminded of are reflected by the taste of food he is experiencing in the present. Food in Chekhovʹs novels were the subject of desire. So, food has instrumental and exchangeable values. It repeats extinction and creation through eternal regression. It seems that life styles including food in his texts are placed in the middle between the subject and object.

기억과 회상에 나타난 체홉의 창작과 예술문제

문석우(Moon Seok Woo) 한국노어노문학회 2012 노어노문학 Vol.24 No.1

이 글은 전통적인 창작원리 속에서 기억이나 회상이라는 현상을 러시아문학은 어떻게 발전시켜왔으며, 또 그런 문학전통을 이어받은 작가 체홉은 자신의 창작과정에서 기억의 현상을 어떻게 예술적으로 사용했는지를 살펴보려는데 목적이 있다. 제 2장에서는 19세시 러시아문학에서 기억의 문제와 체홉, 제 3장에서는 체홉의 작품에서 기억현상과 내면세계의 묘사를 다루었다. 연구결과로는 체홉 작품에서 기억은 시-공간에 자리 잡은 서술 구조의 요소로서 인물의 구성 성분으로 여겨지며, 한편으로는 그의 창작 전체의 주제론적인 바탕을 이루고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 기억의 현상, 특히 회상은 체홉 작품에서 예술구조상 중요하고 다기능적인 요소로 작용하며, 작가의 세계관과 창작과정에서 중요한 구성 요소라는 생각을 갖게 만든다. 체홉이 창작활동에서 기억의 주제를 이용한 이유는 예술상의 필요성 때문이었다. 자신만의 심리적인 문체를 만들어야 할 필요성과 자기 작품이 보여주는 장르적 특성이 심리주의의 특별한 형식과 주제를 구성하는 특별한 방법을 요구하기도 했기 때문이다. 체홉의 심리주의 기법은 인간의 정신세계에 대한 작가의 지속적인 관심이기도 했다. 체홉이 작품을 구성하는데 사용한 여러 기억 현상은 형태를 강화할 때 특별한 방법이었으며 묘사와 심리, 그리고 주제구성을 간결하게 만드는 방법이었다. 회상, 그리고 특히 회상이 발생하는 무의식적인 성격이 보여주는 심리적인 과정의 메커니즘, 상상과 꿈의 메커니즘과 병적인 상태를 발생시키는 메커니즘을 사용한 덕택에 체홉은 인물의 내면세계나 의식의 변형으로 이루어진 작품에서 시학적으로 심리적으로 작품을 압축하여 간결하게 만들 수 있었다고 생각한다. This paper observes how Russian literature developed such phenomena as memory and recollection according to traditional writing principles and how Chekhov, as the write who followed such literary traditions, used in artistic manner the phenomenon of memory in his writing. In chapter 2 we deal with significance of memory in literature, and the object of study is Chekhov’s phenomenon of memory in Russian literary tradition, in chapter 3 we observe phenomenon of memory and description of the inner world in Chekhov’s works. As a result of study, we learn that in Chekhov’s works memory as an element of narration structure that takes place in time and space is considered as a constitute component of a character and in the meantime has become a thematic foundation of his whole writing. Phenomenon of memory and especially recollection are essential and multifunctional artistic elements of Chekhov’s works and one comes to conclusion that they are an important constitute elements of the writer’s worldview and creative work. Besides, another reason for Chekhov to use a theme of memory is the artistic necessity. A need for creating his own psychological literary style and genre specifics of his works demanded a particular method of composing particular form and theme of psychologism. Chekhov’s psychological technique was also explained by his continuous interest in human’s mental world. Various phenomena of memory that Chekhov used while composing his works were a special method of strengthening the form and ways of making concise description, psychology and theme construction. One comes to think that as a benefit of using recollection and especially mechanism of psychological process that shoes the unconscious nature of recollection’s development, as well as using mechanisms of imagination and dream and mechanisms that produce abnormal conditions, Chekhov in his works, that are composed of transformation of character’s inner world or consciousness, was able to enrich his works poetically and psychologically and make them more concise.

신경회로망을 이용한 PID 제어기의 이득조정

문석우(Seok-Woo Moon),이종호(Chong Ho Lee) 대한전기학회 1992 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1992 No.7

숄로호프의 『고요한 돈 강』에 나타난 인간의 문제

문석우(Moon, Seok-Woo) 아시아·중동부유럽학회 2004 동유럽발칸학 Vol.6 No.2

솔로호프의 『고요한 돈 강』은 프롤레타리아 혁명이후에 지속된 내전의 시기에 러시아의 돈 강 유역을 중심으로 이데올로기에 희생된 까자끄인들과 그들의 다양한 인간성에 대한 탐구과정을 묘사하고 있다. 특히 사회주의 역사관에 투철하지 못한 시대의 희생양으로서 중간자적인 행위를 보이는 주인공 그리고리의 비극적인 운명이 당시 민중을 대표하여 전형적으로 나타나 있다. 그러나 비록 그가 사회주의 역사의 발전과정에서 갈등을 느끼며 실패자로서 절망의 벼랑 끝에 서있지만, 작품 전체에서 지속적으로 보여주는 따뜻한 인간미는 궁극적으로 소설에서 인간적인 승리자임을 보여준다. 그는 까자끄 병사들의 집단 성폭력사건에 격분하며, 포로를 재판도 하지 않고 처형하는데 분개와 환멸을 느낀다. 그를 움직이는 원동력은 적개심이 아니라 소박한 자연에 바탕을 둔 자연스러움과 휴머니즘이었다. 본 논문은 먼저 인간의 개념을 휴머니즘을 중심으로 고찰해보고『고요한 돈 강』의 작품분석에 있어서 까자끄인들의 사랑, 가족애,고향에 대한 향수 등을 통해 민중 안에서의 휴머니즘을 보여주는 다양한 인간의 모습과 역사 안에서 좌우로 흔들리며 이데올로기에 의해 고통을 당하는 인간의 양면성과 그 운명을 분석하였다. 그것은 개개인이 변혁의 시대에서 선택해야만 하는 문제이며, 사랑과 죽음이 복잡한 운명과 뒤섞이면서 혁명의 과정에서 갈등을 야기하게 된 개인의 자유에 대한 문제이기도 하다. 『고요한 돈 강』은 역사소설로서 뿐만 아니라, 가족을 단위로한 가족소설의 형태로 인식된다는 점에서 개인이나 공동체, 또는 혈연간의 갈등 등 심리적, 내적갈등을 기본으로 한 삶의 총체적인 이야기라는 특성을 지니고 있다. 사회주의 혁명의 과정에서 극한적인 갈등이 충돌하는 가운데서도 중요한 것은 인간이나 집단이 따르는 이념이나 역사적 지향이 아니라 따뜻한 인간미의 매력을 지닌 인간에 대한 존엄성으로 보았다. 작가 숄로호프는 전쟁을 배경으로 발생한 수많은 사건들에서 인간이 이데올로기나 신념에 따라 얼마만큼 비인간적이 될 수 있으며, 스스로 인간성을 상실할 수 있는가 를 보여준다. 비록 시대의 흐름과 역사적 상황에 적응하지 못함으로써 비극적인 운명을 맞게 되는 그리고리와 같은 인간은 황폐화해가는 삶의 과정에서도 따뜻한 인간성과 휴머니즘을 보여주었다. Sholokhov's Quiet Don River is a profound work on humanity and society, and an artistic revival of Russia's reality of the internal wars and revolutions that swirled at the time. The historical reality presented in this novel has became a critical moving force between figures and accidents because it is the reality related to characters' direct and indirect experiences. As it is recognized not only in the context of a historical novel, but also in the context of a family novel which takes the family as he unit, this novel have a character of being the whole story of life based on conflict of a person or community and an inner mental conflict like the conflict between blood relatives. There is no eternal winner or loser; in this tragedy, the hero promises loyalty to his homeland and his people, but his belief starts to sway after he feels doubts from the terrible sights of war. Switching allegiance between the Red Guards and the White Guards, the Kazaki farmer, who lacked clear view of history or world recognition cannot but first struggle to defend himself. In the latter half of the novel, he has a chance to escape from his country and go abroad, but he rejects refuge and tries to accept the pain of war because it was the time after he heard that Natalie had killed herself, and he acquired mature human love though her pathetic love. It is also evident that he realizes his life is not his own but is connected with other's fate though times when misfortunes and pains are scattered. Mutual interaction between Gregory and nature reveals his character, which can be summarized as pure passions and humanism. Captured by madness in the war, people insist on a blood revenge logic and acts a violence, but Gregory does not agree to reasonless cruel acts or murder.After his first killing in battle, he suffered a long time. He rages against an outrage on a woman committed by a group of Kazaki soldiers, and feels disillusion and fury at a prisoner being punished without trial. The power moving him is not hostile feelings but naturalism and humanism based on simple nature. It was a whirlpool of internal war and revolution that shook such a hero's life. But the tragic life of Gregory is the same tragic life of the most Kazaki people. Gregory acted according to his inner conscience without understanding the cycle of history, but he was deprived of everything. His gruesome life is the fate of Kazaki people, and moreover, it is the life of modern society, who has lost its identity through historical changes with no concern for the individual's will. If the society does not understand human desire or deprives a living human of everything under the banner of being a necessity of history, it would not be a world which we hope for. Sholokhov tragically depicted the ideologic middle class' fate. The reason why his literature is excellent is that it makes us realize how precious the value is of the person who is full of humanism.