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해양심층수 미네랄추출물(마그네슘염)의 식품원료 안전성 평가를 위한 ICR 마우스를 이용한 소핵시험
문덕수,최미연 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2023 한국해양환경·에너지학회지 Vol.26 No.4
In this study, to evaluate the genotoxicity of deep seawater mineral extract (magnesium salt), we investi-gated whether micronucleus is induced using bone marrow cells of ICR mice. In order to determine the highest dose of this test, preliminary tests were conducted at 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg doses, respec-tively. As a result, no general symptoms or dead animals were observed in all animals administered with male and female. Therefore, this test uses only male animals, and the maximum dose is 2,000 mg / kg, and the total three-stage doses (500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg) are determined. In addition, a negative control group and a positive control group were additionally set. As a result of this test, there was no sig-nificant increase in the incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes(MNPCE/2000PCE) 0.4, 1.4, and 0.0 at 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg doses, respectively, compared to the negative control group value of 0.4. On the other hand, in the positive control group, the incidence of micronucleated polychro-matic erythrocytes among the polychromatic erythrocytes increased significantly compared to the nega-tive control group. Among the total red blood cells in the negative control group and the low-dose, medi-um-dose, and high-dose test substance groups, the average (PCE/(PCE+NEC) of the frequency of ap-pearance of polychloric red blood cells was 0.457±0.056, 0.461±0.053, 0.393±0.052, and 0.399±0.05, respectively, and the positive control group was 0.447±0.07. Therefore, no significant difference was ob-served in all dosage groups compared to the negative control group. From the above results, it is deter-mined that the deep seawater mineral extract (magnesium salt) does not induce micronucleus in the bone marrow cells of mice under the conditions of the present test. Therefore, it can be evaluated that deep seawater mineral extract (magnesium salt) does not acts as genotoxicity that damages chromosomes or cause abnormalities in cell division devices. For the safe use of deep-sea water extraction minerals, genetic toxicity tests were conducted through micronuclear tests in accordance with the standards of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety to verify the safety of deep-sea water minerals. Deep ocean water mineral ex-tract was used as safety verification data to enable registration and use as a “temporary food raw materi-al”. Deep ocean water mineral extract can provide the minerals that modern people lack. In particular, minerals extracted from deep ocean water can not only supplement minerals that the human body lacks, but can also be used for various purposes to provide high-quality minerals to modern people.
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일 대학병원 외래 우울증 환자의 항우울제 순응도와 이에 미치는 요인
문덕수,안승민,김경훈,김영종,이상민,백종우 대한정신약물학회 2015 대한정신약물학회지 Vol.26 No.2
Objective Although clinical guidelines recommend that antidepressant treatment should be continued for at least 4 to 9 months, naturalistic studies show that the average length of treatment is shorter than 6 months and that dropout rates are high. But factors leading patients to discontinuation of therapy are not well understood yet. In this study, we investigated factors associated with adherence to antidepressant in Korean patients with depressive disorder. Methods Patients who were diagnosed as depressive disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-4th edition criteria and took prescribed antidepressants were included in this study. Medical records of 194 patients were reviewed retrospectively. To find adherence to antidepressant treatment, we calculated Medication Possession Ratio at 2 wks, 4 wks, 8 wks, 12 wks, 24 wks after their 1st visit. Patient-related factors, illness-related factors including measurement scales (Beck Depression Inventory, Patient Health Questionnare-15, Global Assessment of Recent Stress Scale scores), and treatment-related factors were compared between adherent group and non-adherent group using chi-square test or student t-test. Multivariate logistic regression was used to predict factors associated with adherence to antidepressant treatment. Results Analyzing data of 194 patients, 106 patients (54.6%), and 82 patients (42.3%) were adherent group at 12 wks and 24 wks, respectively. In patient-related factors, old age and low education periods were significantly associated with adherent group. In illness-related factors and treatment-related factors, none of the factors showed a significant difference between groups. In multivariate logistic regression, old age was significantly associated with sustained adherence at 12 wks. Conclusion We found some factors associated with adherence to antidepressant treatment. Old age was associated with sustained adherence to antidepressant. To enhance adherence to antidepressant, our findings suggest that outpatient education program is needed. And social policy is also essential to reduce stigma in psychiatric department especially among young patients. 본 연구에서는 일 대학병원 우울증 환자들의 약물 순응도에 영향을 주는 요인에 대해 조사하였다. 연구 결과 순응군의 비율은 12주 54.6%, 24주 42.3%로 나타났다. 연령이 높을수록, 교육기간이 짧을수록 순응도가 높았다. 젊은 연령의 특히 낮은 순응도를 높이기 위해서는, 정신건강의학과 진료가 사보험 가입 및 취업에 불리할 것이라는 염려 등에 대해 사회적, 제도적 접근이 요구된다. 향후 외래 우울증 환자의 순응도 증진을 위해 교육 프로그램 개발 및 근거 마련을 위한 임상연구가 필요할 것이다.
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