韓國のオンブバッタおよびショウリョウバッタモドキ 集團における 染色體變異

茅野愛子,茅野博,吳文儒 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1993 基礎科學硏究 Vol.6 No.1

Chromosomes of primary spermatocytes of 17 males of Atractomorpha bedeli collected in a population at Haenam, Chollanam Do. Republic of Korea, were observed. Supernumerary chromosomes (B-chromosomes) were found in five males (2n??=18+X+0~3B, figs, 1-6). The numbers of B's were constant among the cells within the follicles but were variable among the follicles within the testes of the males (Table 1). The characteristics of the B's were the same as those found in the populations in Kyushu, Japan (Sannomiya 1973). The 9th chromosomes (the smallest among the complement) of A. bedeli were of two types, S with a distal supernumerary segment, i.e. segmented, and N, non-segmented (Figs, 1-6, 7-10, 11-16). The supernumerary segment was euchromatic (Figs, 11 and 12). Three kinds of karyomorphs were distinguishable as follows: S/S (a single male), S/N (five males), and N/N (1] males). Chromosomes of primary spermatocytes of 14 males of Gonista bicolor collected in a population in Chjudo, Cheju Do, Republic of Korea, were observed. Seven males were found to have B-chromosomes of two type, B₁ and B₂ (2n??=22+X+0~1B₁+0~4B₂; Figs. 17~22). The B₁'s were found in two males in which all the primary spermatocytes had a single B₁. The B₂'s were found in five males. The numbers of B₂'s were variable among the follicles of the testes, while the primary spermatocytes within the follicles had the same number of B₂'s (Table 3). The characteristics of B₁and B₂were the same as those found in the populations in Kyushu, Japan (Sannomiya 1974). 1.韓國全羅南道海南において授集したオンブバッタの雄17個體の第一精母細胞の染色體を觀察した. 12個體では9個の2價染色體と1個の1價染色體(X染色體)が見られたが, 5個體では, 前記の染色體の外にB染色體をもっていた(2n?=18+X+0~3B). B染色體の數は同一の個體の精巢でも, フォリクルによって異なっていた. しかし. 1つのフォリクルの中では, どの第一精母細胞にも同じ數のB染色體が見られた. 5個體のそれぞれにおけるB染色體の數の變動の範圍は, 0~2, 0~2, 1~2, 0~3, および, 0~3であった. これらのB染色體の細胞學的特徵は, Sannomiya(1973)が日本(九州)の集團について報告したものと同じであった. 2.韓國海南のオンブバッタ集團では, 常染色體の第9染色體に, 過剩部分をもつS型と, 過剩部分をもたないN型とが區別された. この過剩部分は眞正染色質であった. 二價染色體の特徵から, 接合體の染色體型として, S/S(1個體), S/N(5個體), および, N/N(11個體)の3型が識別された. 3.韓國濟州島のショウリョウバッタモドキ集團から雄14個體を採集し, 第一精母細胞の染色體を견察した. 7個體では11個の二價染色體と1個の一價染色體(X染色體)をもっていたが, 他の7個體には前記の染色體の外に, B染色體が含まれていた(2n=22+X+0~1 B₁+0~4 B₂). B₁は2個體に, また, B₂は5個體に見られた. B₁はどの第一精母細胞にも1個見られた. しかし, B₂の數は同一の個體の精巢の中でも, フォリクルによって異なっていた. 5個體のそれぞれにおけるB₂染色體の數の變動の幅は, 1~2, 1~2, 1~2, 1~3, および, 2~4であった. B₁およびB₂の特徵は, 日本(九州)のショウリョウバッタモドキの集團について, Sannomiya(1974)が報告したB染色體と同じであった.

Restriction Enzyme Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA in Cheju and Tsushima Native Horses and Evolutionary Relationships

Oh,Y.S.,Kayano, Hiroshi,Jung,Y.H.,Oh,M.Y.,Hong,S.S.,Kim,S.J.,Kim,G.O.,Ko,M.H. 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1997 基礎科學硏究 Vol.10 No.2

네 개의 다른 말 집단(Cheju native horses I; Cheju Racing horses, Cheju native horses II; Chejudo Livestock Promotion Institute horses, Tsushima native horses, Thoroughbreds)에서 mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)의 제한효소 단편양상을 연구하였다. 122개체의 total DNA는 말의 mtDNA probe를 사용하여 18개의 제한효소 (Bam HⅠ, EcoRⅠ, HindIll, A vall,HpaⅠ,BglⅡ, XbaⅠ,PstⅠ,pvuⅡ,SacⅠ, KpnI, XhoI, AvaI, HincII, Bst EII, NotI, AccI, and HaeII)에 대한 분석을 하였다. 네 집단에서 16개의 다른 단편양상(mtDNA types)을 조합한 결과 12개의 Morphs를 관찰하였다. 네 집단에서 12개의 restriction types를 갖고 UPGMA 방법에 의하여 계통수를 작성한 결과 2개의 clusters로 분산되었다. 첫 번째 cluster는 주로 1, 6, 3, 8, 9, 2 types, 두 번째 cluster는 4, 7, 10, 11, 12 types들로 각각 구성되었다. 쓰시마재래마는 mtDNA types의 동질성이 높은 빈도를 보였다. 제한 효소 단편양상에서 제주재래마 두 집단과 Thoroughbreds 집단은 polymorphic한 반면, 쓰시마재래마는 monomorphic(1-2-1-1 mtDNA type)함을 보였다. 제주재래마집단 II와 쓰시마재래마가 진화학적 유연관계가 가장 가깝게 나타났으며, 두 집단간에 유전적거리는 1.5×10-3으로 추정되었다. Mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) restriction endonuclease fragment patterns were studied in four different equine populations(Cheju native horses I; Cheju Racing horses, Cheju native horses II; Chejudo Livestock Promotion Institute horses, Tsushima native horses, Thoroughbreds). Total DNA samples from 122 individuals were analysed with 18 restriction enzymes, Bam HI, EcoRI, HindlⅡ,AvaⅡ,HpaⅠ, BglⅡ,XbaⅠ,PstⅠ,PvuⅡ,SacⅠ, KpnⅠ, XhoI, AvaI, HincII, BstEII, NotI, AccI, and HaeII using the horse mtDNA probe. Twelve morphs were observed yielding sixteen different combinations of fragment patterns(mtDNA types) in four populations. The phylogenetic tree constructed from the 12 restriction types by the UPGMA method indicated that mtDNA types in four populations were divided into two clusters. In this tree, the clear separation into the two clusters was observed, namely one with types 1, 6, 3, 8, 9, 2, and 5, and the other one with types 4, 7, 10, 11, and 12. Tsushima native horses were found to be highly homogeneous by the frequencies of mtDNA types. The populations of Cheju native horses I, II, and Thoroughbreds showed polymorphism, while the population of Tsushima native horses was monomorpic(only 1-2-1-1 type), acording to the restriction enzymes. Cheju native horses II were shown to be closely related to the Tsushima native horses, and the genetic distance between these two populations was 1.5×10-3.

제주 재래마아 쓰시마 재래마의 혈액내 단백질의 다형

오유성,오문유,김세재,김기옥,고미희,모야박,양영훈 한국통합생물학회 1995 동물학회지 Vol.38 No.3

제주 재래마와 쓰시마 재래마 간의 유전적 유연관계를 16개 혈액 단백질 좌위의 유전적 다형현상을 분석하여 연구하였다. 두 지역의 재래마 집단에서 5개의 단백질 좌위를 제외한 11개 좌위에서는 유전적 다형현상을 보였다. 다형현상을 나타내는 좌위에서 분석된 유전자 빈도를 이용하여 평균 이형접합자 빈도를 분석한 결과 제주 재래마에서는 0.375로 쓰시마 재래마의 0.304 보다 다소 높게 나타났다. Nei방법에 의해 계산된 Da distance와 유전자 동일성은 각각 0.108과 0.868이었다. 본 연구결과와 이미 보고된 아메리카말 집단들에서의 결과를 이용하여 phylogenetic tree를 구성하여 본 결과 크게 세 개의 cluster를 이루었다. 즉 아메리카말 집단들이 하나의 cluster를 이루었고 제주 재래마 집단이 하나의 cluster를 이루었으며, 이 두 cluster는 현존 말의 기원으로 보는 몽고 야생마 cluster에서 분지됨을 알 수 있었다. The phylogenetic relationships between Cheju native horses and Tsushima native horses were studied by protein polymorphism analyses in 16 gene loci (Trypsin inhibitor: Ti, Chymotrypsin inhibitor: CTi, Albumin: Al, Esterase: Es, Transferrin: Tf, Hemoglobin: Hb, Catalase: Cat, Esterase D: EsD, Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase: GOT, Glyoxalase I: GLO I, Acid phosphatase: AcP, Superoxide dismutase: SOD, Lactate dehydrogenase: LDH, Hexokinase: HK, Malate dehydrogenase: MDH, Malic enzyme: ME). All allelic patterns of the protein loci, except 5 loci (SOD, LDH, HK, MDH, ME), were polymorphic in both two populations. Gene frequencies of the polymorphic loci of the population of Cheju native horses were higher than those of Tsushima native horses. Average heterozygosity in Cheju native horses was 0.375, showing higher than that of Tsushima native horses (0.304). The Da distance and gene identity of two populations were 0.108 and 0.868, respectively. The phylogenetic tree constructed by these results and those previously reported in other horse populations, consisted of three clusters. From this phylogenetic tree, it could be suggested that Cheju native horses and Tsushima native horses had diverged from the Mongolian wild horse (Equus prsewolskii).

제주재래미와 쓰시마재래마에서 미토콘드리아 DNA 의 제한효소 분석과 진화학적 유연관계

오문유,고미희,김기옥,오유성,정용환,김세재,홍성수,모야박 한국축산학회 1997 한국축산학회지 Vol.39 No.4

Mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) restriction endonuclease fragment patterns were studied in four different equine populations(Cheju native horses I; Cheju Racing horses, Cheju native horses II; Chejudo Livestock Promotion Institute horses, Tsushima native horses, Thoroughbreds). Total DNA samples from 122 individuals were analyzed with 18 restriction enzymes, Bam HI, EcoRI, HindIII, AvaII, HpaI, BgIII, XbaI, PstI, Pvu II, Sac I, Kpn I, Xho I, AvaI, Hinc II, Bst EII, Not I, Acc I, and Hae II using the horse mtDNA probe. Twelve morphs were observed yielding sixteen different combinations of fragment patterns(mtDNA types) in four populations. The phylogenetic tree constructed from the 12 restriction types by the UPGMA method indicated that mtDNA types in four populations were divided into two clusters. In this tree, the clear separation into the two clusters was observed, namely one with types 1, 6, 3, 8, 9, 2, and 5, and the other one with types 4, 7, 10, 11, and 12. Tsushima native horses were found to be highly homogeneous by the frequencies of mtDNA types. The populations of Cheju native horses I, II, and Thoroughbreds showed polymorphism, while the population of Tsushima native horses was monomorpic(only 1-2-1-1 type), according to the restriction enzymes. Cheju native horses II were shown to be closely related to the Tsushima native horses, and the genetic distance between these two populations was 1.5×10^(-3).