Erratum: Correction of References

명승권,Diana D. McDonnell,Gene Kazinets,서홍관,Joel M. Moskowitz 대한의학회 2010 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.25 No.6

How to review and assess a systematic review and meta-analysis article: a methodological study (secondary publication)

명승권 한국보건의료인국가시험원 2023 보건의료교육평가 Vol.20 No.-

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have become central in many research fields, particularly medicine. They offer the highest level of evidence in evidence-based medicine and support the development and revision of clinical practice guidelines, which offer recommendations for clinicians caring for patients with specific diseases and conditions. This review summarizes the concepts of systematic reviews and meta-analyses and provides guidance on reviewing and assessing such papers. A systematic review refers to a review of a research question that uses explicit and systematic methods to identify, select, and critically appraise relevant research. In contrast, a meta-analysis is a quantitative statistical analysis that combines individual results on the same research question to estimate the common or mean effect. Conducting a meta-analysis involves defining a research topic, selecting a study design, searching literature in electronic databases, selecting relevant studies, and conducting the analysis. One can assess the findings of a meta-analysis by interpreting a forest plot and a funnel plot and by examining heterogeneity. When reviewing systematic reviews and meta-analyses, several essential points must be considered, including the originality and significance of the work, the comprehensiveness of the database search, the selection of studies based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, subgroup analyses by various factors, and the interpretation of the results based on the levels of evidence. This review will provide readers with helpful guidance to help them read, understand, and evaluate these articles.

휴대 전화 사용과 종양의 위험성에 대한 메타 분석

명승권 한국전자파학회 2011 전자파기술 Vol.22 No.5

Effectiveness of Proactive Quitline Service and Predictors of Successful Smoking Cessation: Findings from a Preliminary Study of Quitline Service for Smoking Cessation in Korea

명승권,박재갑,배우경,이연지,김열,서홍관 대한의학회 2008 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.23 No.5

This study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the first proactive Quitline service for smoking cessation in Korea and determine the predictors of successful smoking cessation. Smoking participants were voluntarily recruited from 18 community health centers. The participants were proactively counseled for smoking cessation via 7 sessions conducted for 30 days from November 1, 2005 to January 31, 2006. Of the 649 smoking participants, 522 completed 30 days at the end of the study and were included in the final analysis. The continuous abstinence rate at 30 days of follow-up was found to be 38.3% (200/522), in the intention-to-treat analysis. Compared with non-quitters, quitters were mostly male, smoked <20 cigarettes/ day, had started smoking at the age of ≥20 yr, and were less dependent on nicotine. Based on the stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis, the significant predictors of successful smoking cessation were determined to be male sex, low cigarette consumption, and older age at smoking initiation. We investigated the short-term effectiveness of the Quitline service and determined the predictors of successful smoking cessation.

Relationships between Household Smoking Restrictions and Intention to Quit Smoking among Korean American Male Smokers in California

명승권,Diana D. McDonnell,Gene Kazinets,서홍관,Joel M. Moskowitz 대한의학회 2010 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.25 No.2

This cross-sectional study examined the relationships between household smoking restrictions and intentions to quit smoking among Korean American male smokers in California. We used data from the California Korean American Tobacco Use Survey (CKATUS), which was conducted in 2004 using computer-assisted telephone interviewing. Among the 2,545 respondents who participated in the CKATUS,the 387 male smokers who answered a question assessing their intention to quit smoking were included in the final analyses. In univariable analyses, smokers who reported having household smoking restrictions were more likely to intend to quit smoking as compared with those who did not (P<0.01). Other independent correlates of having an intention to quit smoking were being less than 50 yr of age, having spent more than 50% of one’s life in the US, being assimilated, and having other smokers in the household. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, the significant correlates of having an intention to quit smoking were household smoking restrictions (complete or partial restriction vs. no restriction on smoking; odds ratio, 2.54;95% confidence interval, 1.22-5.28) and absence of other smokers in the household. In conclusion, smoking restrictions in the household are associated with an intention to quit smoking among Korean American male smokers in California.

Risk Factors for Thyroid Cancer: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study in Korean Adults

명승권,이찬화,이정희,김정선,김현숙 대한암학회 2017 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.49 No.1

Purpose Although the incidence of thyroid cancer in Korea has rapidly increased over the past decade, few studies have investigated its risk factors. This study examined the risk factors for thyroid cancer in Korean adults. Materials and Methods The study design was a hospital-based case-control study. Between August 2002 and December 2011, a total of 802 thyroid cancer cases out of 34,211 patients screened from the Cancer Screenee. Cohort of the National Cancer Center in South Korea were included in the analysis. A total of 802 control cases were selected from the same cohort, and matched individually (1:1) by age (±2 years) and area of residence for control group 1 and additionally by sex for control group 2. Results Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis using the control group 1 showed that females and those with a family history of thyroid cancer had an increased risk of thyroid cancer, whereas ever-smokers and those with a higher monthly household income had a decreased risk of thyroid cancer. On the other hand, the analysis using control group 2 showed that a family history of cancer and alcohol consumption were associated with a decreased risk of thyroid cancer, whereas higher body mass index (BMI) and family history of thyroid cancer were associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer. Conclusion These findings suggest that females, those with a family history of thyroid cancer, those with a higher BMI, non-smokers, non-drinkers, and those with a lower monthly household income have an increased risk of developing thyroid cancer.

스마트폰과 건강

명승권 대한의사협회 2015 대한의사협회지 Vol.58 No.1

The use of smartphones has rapidly increased over the past few years. With the increasing use of smartphones, concern has been raised about the potential harmful effects on human health. In 2011, the International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization classified radiofrequency electromagnetic fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans (group 2B) based on an increased risk for glioma associated with wireless phone use (i.e. mobile phones). In addition, several meta-analyses of case-control studies reported an increased risk of tumors associated with the use of mobile phones. Moreover, it has been reported that the overuse of mobile phones is associated with reproductive risks, addiction, and phantom vibration and ringing syndrome. Further large prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these associations. Until clear evidence is available that the use of smartphones is safe, their overuse should be avoided.

암 예방과 식이

명승권 대한가정의학회 2004 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.25 No.11

암의 30% 정도는 식이요인과 관련이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 암과 식이요인의 관련에 대한 초기의 연구들은 주로 환자-대조군 연구 및 생태학적인 상관관계 연구를 통해서 이루어졌는데 이후에 이루어진 대규모의 전향적 코호트 연구나 무작위 임상시험을 통해서 바이어스(bias)를 줄임으로써 보다 근거 있는 결과들이 제시되고 있다. 한국인에게 흔하면서 중요한 암으로 위암, 폐암, 간암, 대장암, 유방암, 자궁경부암이 있다. 위암은 짠 음식의 과다한 섭취와 관련이 있다는 사실이 생태학적 연구, 환자-대조군 연구 및 전향적 코호트 연구 등을 통해서 입증되었고 과일 및 야채의 섭취 역시 역의 상관관계 있으나 녹차의 경우에는 전향적 코호트 연구에서 관련성이 없는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 폐암은 베타카로텐 및 알파토코페롤의 섭취를 통해 발생을 줄일 수 있는 것으로 알려져 있었으나 최근의 전향적 코호트 연구 혹은 무작위 임상시험에서는 관련이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 간암은 부패된 땅콩, 옥수수 등에서 발견되는 아플라톡신의 섭취와 관련이 있다. 대장암은 붉은색 고기의 섭취가 위험을 증가시키지만 지방섭취는 관련성이 없는 것으로 보고되고 있으며 최근에는 엽산, 칼슘의 섭취가 위험을 줄인다는 연구결과들이 제기되고 있다. 유방암은 현재까지 확실하게 관련이 입증된 것으로 과도한 알코올의 섭취를 들 수 있고 지방섭취는 대장암과 마찬가지로 관련이 없다는 연구결과가 주를 이룬다. 자궁경부암은 과일 및 야채의 섭취를 통해 위험을 줄일 수 있다는 보고가 있으나 논쟁의 여지가 많으며 인유두종바이러스와 기타 식이요인과의 복합적인 작용에 대한 연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다. 논쟁의 여지가 있지만 현재로서는 암 예방을 위해서 이상체중을 유지하며 적당량의 과일 및 야채의 섭취, 붉은색 고기 및 알코올 섭취의 제한 등 균형 잡힌 식이가 중요하며 논란이 되고 있는 다양한 식이요인들의 암 예방 효과에 대해서는 보다 대규모의 전향적 코호트 연구 및 무작위 임상시험을 통해서 밝혀질 수 있을 것이다.

청소년의 우울성향 선별검사도구로서 '두 문항 질문검사'의 표준화 연구

명승권,정범,이원준,고희정,서상연,유태우,황환식 대한가정의학회 2000 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.21 No.1

How to review and assess a systematic review and meta-analysis article

명승권 한국과학학술지편집인협의회 2023 Science Editing Vol.10 No.2

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have become central in many research fields, particularly medicine. They offer the highest level of evidence in evidence-based medicine and support the development and revision of clinical practice guidelines, which offer recommendations for clinicians caring for patients with specific diseases and conditions. This review summarizes the concepts of systematic reviews and meta-analyses and provides guidance on reviewing and assessing such papers. A systematic review refers to a review of a research question that uses explicit and systematic methods to identify, select, and critically appraise relevant research. In contrast, a meta-analysis is a quantitative statistical analysis that combines individual results on the same research question to estimate the common or mean effect. Conducting a meta-analysis involves defining a research topic, selecting a study design, searching literature in electronic databases, selecting relevant studies, and conducting the analysis. One can assess the findings of a meta-analysis by interpreting a forest plot and a funnel plot and by examining heterogeneity. When reviewing systematic reviews and meta-analyses, several essential points must be con-sidered, including the originality and significance of the work, the comprehensiveness of the database search, the selection of studies based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, subgroup analyses by various factors, and the interpretation of the results based on the levels of evidence. This review will provide readers with helpful guidance to help them read, understand, and evaluate these articles.