유하론 - 변방의 시학 -

류찬열(Lyu Chan-Youl) 우리문학회 2006 우리文學硏究 Vol.0 No.19

The poetry of Yu-Ha is located on the tension between Hanadae and Apgujeong. Both of them suggest not only a weighty way to comprehend but also a important measure to criticize. It means that Hanadae and Apgujeon don't remain as the background of poems and space, but extend as a powerful poetic symbol to restrain or integrate each text.<br/> Yu-Ha's poetry produce the poetic incense of captivation and reflection that the subjects of sensibilities made by Hanadae and Apgujeong. Like this, Hanadae is the last fort for the poet to get self-identification in the system of the distorted desire symbolized as Apgujeong.<br/> His poems can show the new potentiality when Yu-Ha doesn't give up the tense of space in Hanadae and Aogujeong, otherwise when he gives it up, his poems will be beautiful, but empty. For that reason, when the tension of Hanadae and Apgujeong has been scrutinized deeply and widely without his abandonment for it, the Poetics of Frontier he pioneered can be valuated as the possibility of Korean poetry.

韓國 (近)現代 文學史 記述의 現況과 反省-소설사와 시사를 중심으로-

류찬열(Lyu. Chan-youl) 우리문학회 2002 우리文學硏究 Vol.15 No.-

The history of literature is a field of study which has to be rewritten newly and continuously with a new critical approach. To make a change in a paradigm, since the past is all the time immanent in the present, all the remains in the past are necessarily de-constructed. As the study on the North-Korean literature is now booming, literary works and phenomena we ought to describe are enlarged to the great extent. The concept of modernity now discussed in depth provides new approaches and perspectives through which we can reorganize the delineation of the history of literature. This paper reviews the studies based on the history of Korean poems and novels, points out their weaknesses, complementing their achievements, within a framework of the expansion to study objects with new methodology. Also, this paper presents a new way of describing literary histories of Korean authors and poets, their works, and them.<br/>

분단과 탈북자를 바라보는 두 가지 시선

류찬열(Chan-Youl, Lyu) 중앙대학교 문화콘텐츠기술연구원 2015 다문화콘텐츠연구 Vol.0 No.18

이 연구는 하종오의 ‘탈분단 연작시집 3부작’과 조해진의 소설 『로기완을 만났다』가 획득한 문학적 성취와 의의를 “분단을 바라보는 두 가지 시선”에 초점을 맞춰 고찰하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 하종오의 시들과 조해진의 소설이 기존의 분단과 탈북자를 바라보는 시선과 관점과는 전혀 다른 차원에서 분단 문제와 탈북자 문제에 접근하여 분단문학의 새로운 장을 열었다. 하종오의 경우, 분단 문제와 탈북자 문제를 일국적 시선이 아닌 국제적 시선에서 형상화함으로써 가능했고, 조해진의 경우, 분단 문제와 탈북자 문제를 우리 모두는 ‘잠재적 디아스포라’라는 인식과 ‘자아의 회복’이라는 문제에 초점을 맞춰 형상화함으로써 가능했다. 이처럼 하종오의 시 텍스트와 조해진의 소설 텍스트는 우리가 흔히 생각하는 시는 주관적 장르이고, 소설은 객관적 장르라는 편견을 무너트리는 방식으로 시 장르와 소설 장르의 영역을 확장하고 갱신하는 동시에 분단 문제와 탈북자 문제를 바라보는 우리의 시선과 관점에 넓이와 깊이를 제공했다. 또한 하종오의 시들과 조해진의 소설은 분단문학이라는 오래된 문학적 소재와 주제가 새로운 시선과 관점 그리고 새로운 방법과 형식으로 언제든지 지금 여기 바로 우리의 문제로 소환되고 재현될 수 있음을 다시금 환기시켰다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the literary achievements and significance fulfilled by the “three collections of post-division serial poems” by Ha Jong-o and by ‘I Met Ro Gi-Wan by’ Jo Hae-jin with a focus on “two visions looking at division.” Has poems and Jos novel opened a new chapter in the division literature by approaching the issues of division and North Korean defectors at a completely different level from the old visions and perspectives to look at division and North Korean defectors. Ha achieved it by embodying the issues of division and North Korean defectors with an international vision instead of a single nation vision, and Jo achieved it by embodying those issues with a focus on the consciousness that we were all “potential diaspora” and the issue of “recovery of ego.” Has poem texts and Jos novel texts expanded and renewed the genre domains of poetry and novel by breaking down the old, common prejudice that poetry was a subjective genre and that novel was an objective one and, at the same time, added more width and depth to our vision and perspective of issues of division and North Korean defectors. Has poems and Jos novel once again aroused the idea that the old literary material and topic called division literature could be summoned and reproduced as our issues right here anytime in a new vision, perspective, method, and form.

1930년대 후반기 리얼리즘시 연구

류찬열(Lyu Chan-youl) 중앙어문학회 2006 語文論集 Vol.35 No.-

Im, Wha and Lee, Yongak may be refereed to as the poets who show self-renovation with their everything in the period of change in the history of literature. Im Wha withdrew from the epic style and indulged in subjectivity of romanticism, but Yongak expanded the personal emotion of the poetic subject into the universal emotion of the nation through his epics. In other words, the lives of migrants, which represent the victims of colonialization, is expanded into the common situation of the nation and the personal history of the subject into the history of the nation. We cannot help judging, however, that the poetic realism of Yongak is somewhat limited, because his poems did not suggest any hope to overcome the problems in the colonial lives, even though he was trying to show them. In consequence, we can conclude that the poets of Im Wha and Lee Yongak in 1930 did not make a successful result when we interpret it by the accomplishment of realism through dialectic between the subject and the object. But we need to consider that the condition of the colony could not allow the poet's accomplishment in realism and the theory of realism was not mature enough to connect the peculiarity of poets with the universality of realism. We are able to admit that their poets are at the summit in late 1930s, because Im Wha tried to build up the self-renovation of the subject through its own subjectivity and Lee Yongak created the typical lives of the nation through epic. This analysis suggests that the ultimate accomplishment of poets can be attained by the sound joint of a view of the world and a way of creation. Im Wha's poets are related to the accomplishment of realism with the world view and Lee Yongak's are with the way of creation. Hence it is in need that the debate on realism poets will be aimed to satisfy the realism as a world view and the realism as a way of creation at the same time.

30년대 이후 노동소설의 전개와 새로운 노동소설의 전망

류찬열(Lyu Chan-youl) 중앙어문학회 2005 語文論集 Vol.33 No.-

This paper examines the products and limitation of labor novels, focusing on Kang Kyung-ea's 『인간문제』, Jo Se-hwi's 『난쟁이가 쏘아 올린 작은 공』and Jung Hwa-jina's 『철강지대』. In 『인간조건』, the author argues that the labour class is created in the course of dissolving the peasant class and that labours are the subject in history. In 『난쟁이가 쏘아 올린 작은 공』, we show the despair and alienation of free laborers in a suburb of a city represented as a dwarf, and of factory workers represented as next generation of the dwarf. Finally, in 『철강지대』 it is observed that the author depicts heavy industry workers' triumph through their strong solidarity. These differences among three novels consistently correspond with historical realities and levels of labor movements at the time each novel is written. Specifically speaking, they reflects historical realities and levels of labor movements in the 1930's, in the 1970's and in the 1980's, respectively. In 『인간조건』, a process in which a jobless peasant is changed into the labor and acquires the labor class consciousness is shaped through the depth of a scholar. However, the description of the process is limited only to identifying the labors as the subjects in history. In 『난쟁이가 쏘아 올린 작은 공』, the author describes the despair and alienation of the subjects in history and to overcome them, emphasizes the necessity of love. However, the love is treated as unreal in the sense that the morality of the rich is presupposed. On the contrary, in 『철강지대』, the author suggests the solidarity of the subjects in history and the future of them on the basis of it. In this respect, I estimate that the author overcomes the limitation of the existing labor novels. The possibility of solidarity of the middle class is neglected because the labor novels has been, so far, written in the light of the principles of inclusion and exclusion and in the frame of dichotomy, the labor and capital. Therefore, I argue that new labor novels have to focus on the solidarity among various classes in order to overcome the despair and alienation of the labor class.

혁명의 시, 혹은 시의 혁명 -김남주론-

류찬열(Lyu Chan-youl) 우리문학회 2004 우리文學硏究 Vol.0 No.17

In the idea that the poetry of Kim can be easily divided into lyricism and revolutionism, bad intention seems to be presupposed. The originality of lyric poetry of Kim, which can be named ‘revolutionary lyric poetry’, is originated from imagination against the properties of main lyric poetry. Therefore, the lyricism and revolutionism of Kim’s is not a combined body which can be easily divided into.<br/> Postcolonialism, which is recently discussed actively, has a place as a popular cultural product in the Western academic world. The term, Postcolonialism, dilutes its political ideas thanks to its ambiguity, so that it is possible thatPostcolonialism neglects and hides the colonial reality of the Third World.<br/> Thus, it is very significant how the origin and lineage of the term, ‘decolonialism’, are established. In 『Postcolonial theory : contexts, practices, politics』, B. J. Moore-Gilbert solves these problems clearly. He calls the theory of the Third World before the late Saide’s『Orientalism』 as the criticism of ‘decolonialism’, and, in the meantime, the theory of the Western world after Saide’s as the theory of ‘decolonialism’. As is shown in the title of the book, his intention, is connoted, of overcoming the cease of resistance and amusement.<br/> According to his classification, the poetry of Kim may belong to the criticism of ‘decolonialism’, for ‘the ethics of resistance’ is shown in Kim’s. Binary simplicity, which is pointed out by many critics as the limitation of Kim’s, paradoxically expresses the intensity of resistance and the density of ethics in Kim’s. In Kim’s poetry, an attempt to remove revolutionism implies that while the criticism of ‘decolonialism’ is ignored, the theory of ‘decolonialism’ is considered important in the lineage of ‘decolonialism’<br/> If the poetry of revolution is reduced to the revolution of poetry or if a poet as a revolutionary worrier is reduced to a poet in the poetic history, the dynamic force and possibility of the revolution will disappear. To reread Kim’s poetry means to revive and practice the dynamic force, possibility, and consistency of the revolution without ceasing.

육화된 신자유주의와 대학 글쓰기 교육의 과제

류찬열(Lyu, Chan-youl) 중앙어문학회 2015 語文論集 Vol.63 No.-

이 논문의 목적은 ‘육화된 신자유주의와 교양의 붕괴’로 요약될 수 있는 한국대학의 교육 환경에서 바람직한 글쓰기 교육이란 무엇인가를 모색하는 것이다. 신자유주의는 생존이라는 절대적 가치를 주체의 이념적 이상으로 각인시킨다. 하지만 이 과정에서 주체는 정작 중요한 “왜 스펙을 쌓는지” 그리고 “그렇게 쌓은 스펙을 어떻게 활용할 것인지”에 대해 성찰하지 않는다(혹은 못한다). 이러한 상황을 타계하기 위해서 중앙대학교 글쓰기 강좌는 두 개의 큰 방향성을 중심으로 구성되었다. 하나는 ‘자기의 이해 - 언어의 이해 - 사회의 이해- 텍스트의 이해’라는 주제를 글의 목적에 맞게 창의적·조직적·논리적으로 구성하고 표현하는 능력을 습득하는 것을 지향하고, 다른 하나는 모든 주제론적 글쓰기를 ‘계획 - 표현 - 수정’이라는 글쓰기의 절차와 과정을 단계별로 실습하는 것을 지향한다. 이러한 과정을 통해, 학생들은 유서 깊은 경구가 가르치듯 많이 읽고, 많이 생각하고, 많이 쓰고, 많이 고치는 것이 좋은 글을 쓰는 가장 좋은 방법임을 깨닫게 된다. 이 논문에서 제안한 글쓰기 교육 개선 방안을 학교 당국이 빠른 시일 내에 받아들일 가능성은 높지 않아 보인다. 하지만 그 제안이 합리적이라는 것은 부정하기 어렵다. 그 과정이 매우 어렵고 긴 싸움이 되겠지만, 글쓰기 교육을 담당하는 주체들은 끊임없이 제도적 개선하여 글쓰기 교육의 질적 향상을 위해 함께 노력해야 할 것이다. 대학을 포함한 한국사회는 지금 ‘먹고사니즘’에 머물 것이냐 ‘함께사니즘’을 향해 나아갈 것이냐 하는 중대한 기로에 서 있다. This study aims to investigate which writing courses are appropriate under the Korean University educational system, which used to be expressed by neoliberalism incarnate and the collapse of general education. Neoliberalists have ingrained the value of competition and winning the minds of common people as a unique ideal of growth, butcannot reflect on why they should compete, or become winners. In order to break this unreflective educational situation, the writing course in Chung-ang University is largely programmed with two orientations: first, it aims at helping students understand the self, the language, the society, and the text in logic-imaginative-organized manners. On the other hand, all thematic course writings are based on the step-by-step process of planning, expressing, and correcting. With this process, as noted by the witty remarks of venerable commentators, students learn that the best writers are produced through repeated trials of reading, thinking, and writing. Of course, acceptance by is not probable however, any reasonable programmatic proposal might involve many difficulties in allowance. Writing educators must make systematic efforts to enhance academic writing courses, while expecting that Korean Universities might abandon the warfare concept of competition for the reciprocal concept of cooperation, more properly adapted to our educational ideal: the substantial growth of our students.

긴 노동의 밤, 먼 노동의 새벽-박노해론

류찬열(Lyu Chan-youl) 중앙어문학회 2004 語文論集 Vol.32 No.-

The Dawn if Labor(『노동의 새벽』) published by Pulbid(풀빛) in 1984 and The Dawn if Labor(『노동의 새벽』) published by Haenem(해냄) in 1991 are the same collection of poems. They are different only the name of the publisher. But, I intend to accept The Dawn if Labor of Pulbid, in the other hand I intend to disapprove of The Dawn of Labor of Heanem. Pak No-Hae who have been converted form the spreader of a revolution into the spreader of changing has a great idea on his insistence for us. But his insistence on changing doesn't seem a result of the concrete consequence, gained by introspection and practice, but seems a result of the abstract one, that caused by the ruin of the socialism and the confinement of his body. It seems to have some problem. So far it makes us wonder that Par No-Hae in 1990s was too captivated by the inner change like as he in 1980s was too abstracted by the change of the society. Therefore, what Pak No-Hae really needs is not the tenacity for the change but the restoration of the balance between the social change and the inner change through the introspection and action. It's a so commonplace comment, but we loves Pak No-Hae that's why we criticise him.