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작물 흡수를 고려한 3 차원 토양수분 분포 모델 개발을 통한 최적 점적 관개 연구
류순호,김승현,노희명,권재필 한국농화학회 2000 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.43 No.2
A numerical model of three-dimensional soil water distribution for drip irrigation management under cropped conditions was developed using Richards equation in Cartesian coordinates. The model accounts for both seasonal and diurnal changes in evaporation and transpiration, and the growth of plant root and the shape of root zone. Solutions were numerically approximated using the Crank-Nicolson implicit finite difference technique on the block-centered grid system and the Gauss-Seidel elimination in tandem. The model was tested under several conditions to allow the flow rates and configurations of drip emitters vary. In general, simulation results agreed well with experimental results and were as follows. The velocity of soil-water flow decreased drastically with distance from the drip source, and the rate of expansion of the wetted zone decreased rapidly during irrigation. The wetting front of wetted zone from a surface drip emitter traveled farther in vertical direction than in horizontal direction. Under this experimental weather condition, water use efficiency of a drip-irrigated apple field was greatest for 4-drip-emitter system buried at 25 ㎝, resulting from 10% increase in transpiration but 20% reduction in soil evaporation compared to those for surface 1-drip emitter system. Soil moisture retention curve obtained using disk tension infiltrometer showed significant difference from the curve obtained with pressure plate extractor.
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중국 길림성 백성지역 흑개토의 이화학성 및 인산 흡착 특성
류순호,이상모,최우정,김성애 한국농화학회 2001 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.44 No.2
Soil physical-chemical properties and phosphorous adsorption characteristics were investigated to obtain the informations of the appropriate fertilization and soil management in Baicheng region, China, where agricultural circumstances at present forces to consider the use of land for crop production. Soils were collected from one uncultivated and three cultivated lands on August 1993. Soil pH was very higher in uncultivated land than in cultivated land, their values were 10.2 and 7.4, respectively. Regardless of cultivation, soil organic matter contents were below 2%, and concentrations of available soil phosphorus expressed as Bray I P and Olson P were less than 10 ㎎ P ㎏^(-1), however, canon exchange capacity was higher than 20 c㏖(+) ㎏^(-1). For uncultivated soil, the values of exchangeable sodium percent and calcium saturation percent were higher than 100%. The major canon of soil saturation paste extracts was Na regardless of land use type. Based on electrical conductivity and sodium adsorption ratio of saturation paste extracts, uncultivated soil was classified as saline-sodic soil and cultivated soil was classified as sodic or normal soil. The maximum adsorption capacity of phosphorus calculated by Langmuir isotherm ranged from 406 to 521 ㎎ P.㎏^(-1). The constraints of soils in Baicheng regions for agricultural crops were high salt concentration, unfavorable soil chemical composition such as low concentration of available phosphorous, and poor drainage due to soil dispersion by high Na concentration. Therefore, the soil in Baicheng region, need the application of phosphorus fertilizer to increase the soil fertility and the proper soil management to improve the soil physical property especially permeability and soil structure.
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