서산 대죽리 패총에서 출토된 말백합 Meretrix petechialis (Lamarck)의 성장 연구

류동기,안덕임,Ryu, Dong-Ki,An, Deog-Im 한국패류학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.29 No.2

본 연구에서는 신석기시대의 서산 대죽리 패총에서 출토된 말백합의 패각에 나타난 윤문을 판독하여 성장식을 추정하고 현재의 말백합 개체군과의 성장을 비교하였다. 패총 출토 패각의 수는 총 206개체였다. 각 연령군별로 각장과 윤경 간에 대응성을 보였고, 각 윤문군이 비교적 뚜렷이 구분되어 윤문판독의 타당성이 확인되어 판독된 윤문을 연륜으로 간주하였다. 패총 출토 말백합의 윤문은 2-5개까지 확인되어 2-5세군으로 구성되었음을 알 수 있었다. 패총 개체군의 성장식은 $SL_t=102.9025[1-e^{-0.18657(t+1.0906)}]$ 이었으며, 현생 개체군은 $SL_t=104.2583[1-e^{-0.2277(t+0.7499)}]$ 이었다. 각장 (SL) 과 각고 (SH) 간의 상대성장식은 패총 개체군 SH = 0.7791SL + 3.6636 ($R^2$ = 0.946) 이었으며, 현생 개체군은 SH = 0.8103SL + 0.5145 ($R^2$ = 0.991) 이었다. 두 개체군의 성장계수 (k) 는 차이가 없었고 (p < 0.05), 극한각장 ($SL_{\infty}$) 은 차이가 있었으나 (p > 0.05) 전체적으로 두 개체군의 상대성장식의 차이는 크지 않아 성장의 차이는 없다고 할 수 있다. 이는 두 개체군의 서식 환경이 비슷하다는 것을 의미한다. 따라서 신석기시대의 대죽리 패총이 형성될 당시 인근 연안의 해수온은 현재의 김제 연안지역과 비슷하게 높았을 가능성이 있는 것으로 추정된다. In this study, growth-line analysis was carried out on the hard clam (Meretrix petechialis) collected from the Neolithic shell middens in Daejuk-ri, Seosan, Korea, to reconstruct palaeoenvironment. Growth increments of 206 specimens of the clam were examined. The ages of the specimens were determined from the rings on the shells. The relationship between shell length and ring radius in each ring group was expressed as a regression line, indicating a correspondence in each ring formation. Growth pattern of the midden specimens was compared to that of modern ones collected from Gimje, Jeonbuk. Growth curves for shell length fitted to the von Berta anffy's growth curve were expressed respectively as follows: $SL_t=102.9025[1-e^{-0.18657(t+1.0906)}]$ in the shell midden specimens, $SL_t=104.2583[1-e^{-0.2277(t+0.7499)}]$ in the modern ones. The relationship between shell length (SL; mm) and shell height (SH; mm) was expressed by the following equations: SH = 0.7791 SL + 3.6636 ($R^2$ = 0.946) in the midden specimens, SH = 0.8103 SL + 0.5145 ($R^2$ = 0.991) in the modern ones. The results of the tests regarding the differences between regression coefficients and elevations of growth curves of these two populations demonstrate that the slopes were not significantly different (p < 0.05), but the elevations were (p > 0.05). However, overall growth curves of the midden and modern populations were not significantly different, indicating that shell growth environments of the two areas are similar. Therefore, it is likely that sea temperature near the midden area could be similar to that of present Gimje area, and thus temperature during the period of the midden formation could be higher than presently known.

한국 서해산 계화도조개, Potamocorbula amurensis Schrenck의 연령과 성장

류동기,김영혜 한국패류학회 2007 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.23 No.1

Samples of Potamocorbula amurensis Schrenck were collected monthly from the Jujin estuary of Gochang, Chollabuk-do, west coast of Korea, from October 2004 to November 2005. Age of P. amurensis was determined from the rings on the shell. The relationship between shell length and ring diameter in each ring group was expressed as a regression line. Therefore, there is a correspondence in each ring formation. Based on the monthly variation of the marginal index (MI') of the shell, it is assumed that the ring of this species was formed once a year during the period of October and December. The relationship between shell length (SL) and shell height (SH; ㎜) was highly correlated with shell height as the following equation: SH = 0.6438 SL + 0.5642 (r2 = 0.978). The shell length (SL) - shell width (SW) relation was also expressed by the following equation: SW = 0.4352 SL - 0.5675 (r2 = 0.957). Shell length (SL; ㎜) and total weight (TW; g) was expressed by the following equation: TW = 6.999 x 10-5 SL3.2542 (r2 = 0.975). Growth curves for shell length and total weight fitted to the von Bertalanffy's growth curve were expressed respectively as :, . 2004년 10월부터 2005년 11월까지 전라북도 고창군 주진천에 서식하는 계화도조개의 서식지 환경과 성장을 조사하였다.서식지의 월별 수온은 4.6~29.3℃로 나타났으며, 1월에 가장 낮았고, 8월에 가장 높았다. 지온은 2.6~29.4℃로 나타났으며 수온과 비슷하게 1월과 2월에 낮았고 8월에 가장 높았다. 월별 염분은 2.3~20.2 PSU로 평균 8.21±4.77 PSU였다.계화도조개의 패각에 나타나는 윤문은 년 1회 형성되며, 주된 윤문 형성시기는 10~12월임을 확인할 수 있었다. 초륜의 형성 기간은 약 5개월 (0.42년) 으로 나타났으며, 각장(SL)과 각고(SH)간의 관계는 SH = 0.4352 SL + 0.5642 (R2 = 0.978)이고, 각장과 각폭(SW)간의 관계는 SW = 0.4352 SL - 0.5675 (R2 = 0.957)이며, 각장과 전중량(TW)간의 관계는 TW = 6.999 × 10-5 SL3.2542 (R2 = 0.975)로 나타났다. 연령 (t)에 대한 각장(SL)의 Bertalanffy 성장식은 SLt = 30.77(1-e-0.4572(t+0.7371))였으며, 전중량(TW)의 Bertalanffy 성장식은 TWt = 4.87(1-e-0.4572(t+7371))3.2542로 추정되었다. 감사의 말씀본 논문은 2004년도 군산대학교 수산과학연구소의 학술연구보조비에 의하여 연구되었으며, 이에 감사를 드립니다.

한국 서해산 백합, Meretrix lusoria의 연령과 성장

류동기,정의영,김용민,Ryu, Dong-Ki,Chung, Ee-Yung,Kim, Yong-Min 한국해양학회 2006 바다 Vol.11 No.4

2004년 4월부터 2005년 3월까지 전라북도 김제시 심포면 갯벌에 서식하는 백합의 연령과 성장을 조사하였다. 백합의 패각에 나타나는 윤문은 년 1회 형성되며, 주된 윤문 형성시기는 2월$\sim$4월임을 확인할 수 있었다. 초륜의 형성기간은 약 6개월(0.5년)로 나타났으며, 각장(SL)과 각고(SH)간의 관계는 SH=0.8103 SL + 0.5145$(R^2=0.991)$이고, 각장과 각폭(SW)간의 관계는 SW=0.4897 SL + 0.0315 $(R^2=0.976)$이며, 각장과 전중량(TW)간의 관계는 $TW=2.9195\times10^{-4}\;SL^{2.9547}\;(R^2=0.991)$로 나타났다. 연령 (t)에 대한 각장(SL)의 Bertalanffy 성장식은 $SL_t=104.9(l-e^{-0.2235(t+0.7677)})$였으며, 전중량(TW)의 Bertalanffy 성장식은 $TW_t=280.8(l-e^{-0.2235(t+0.7677)})^{2.9547}$로 추정되었다. Samples of Meretrix lusoria were collected monthly from the tidal flat of Simpo, Puan-gun, Chollabuk-do, west coast of Korea from April 2004 to March 2005. Age of M. lusoria was determined from the rings on the shell. The relationship between shell length and ring radius in each ring group was expressed as a regression line. Therefore, there is a correspondence in each ring formation. Based on the monthly variations in the marginal index (MI') of the shell, it is assumed that the ring of this species was formed once a year during the period of February to April. The relationship between shell length (SL) and shell height (SH; mm) was highly correlated with shell height as the following equation: SH = 0.8103 SL + 0.5145 $(r^2=0.991)$. The shell length (SL) - shell width (SW) relation was also expressed by the following equation: SW = 0.4897 SL + 0.0315 $(r^2=0.976)$. Shell length (SL; mm) and total weight (TW; g) was expressed by the following equation: $TW=2.9195\times10^{-4}\;SL^{2.9547}\;(R^2=0.991)$. Shell length (SL) and shell height (SH; mm) was highly correlated with shell height as the following equation: $SH=0.8103\;SL+0.5145\;(R^2=0.991)$ The shell length (SL) - shell width (SW) relation was also expressed by the following equation: $SW=0.4897\;SL+0.0315\;(R^2=0.976)$. Growth curves for shell length and total weight fitted to the von Bertalanffy's growth curve were expressed respectively as: $SL_t=104.9[l-e^{-0.2235(t+0.7677)}],\;TW_t=280.8[l-e^{-0.2235(t+0.7677)}]^{2.9547}$.

서산 대죽리 패총에서 출토된 말백합 Meretrix petechialis (Lamarck) 의 성장 연구

류동기,안덕임 한국패류학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.21 No.1

In this study, growth-line analysis was carried out on the hard clam (Meretrix petechialis) collected from the Neolithic shell middens in Daejuk-ri, Seosan, Korea, to reconstruct palaeoenvironment. Growth increments of 206 specimens of the clam were examined. The ages of the specimens were determined from the rings on the shell. The relationship between shell length and ring radius in each ring group was expressed as a regression line, indicating a correspondence in each ring formation. Growth pattern of the midden specimens was compared to that of modern ones collected from Gimje, Jeonbuk. Growth curves for shell length fitted to the von Berta anffy's growth curve were expressed respectively as follows: in the shell midden specimens, in the modern ones. The relationship between shell length (SL; mm) and shell height (SH; mm) was expressed by the following equations: SH = 0.7791 SL + 3.6636 (R2 = 0.946) in the midden specimens, SH = 0.8103 SL + 0.5145 (R2 = 0.991) in the modern ones. The results of the tests regarding the differences between regression coefficients and elevations of growth curves of these two populations demonstrate that the slopes were not significantly different (p < 0.05), but the elevations were (p > 0.05). However, overall growth curves of the midden and modern populations were not significantly different, indicating that shell growth environments of the two areas are similar. Therefore, it is likely that sea temperature near the midden area could be similar to that of present Gimje area, and thus temperature during the period of the midden formation could be higher than presently known. 본 연구에서는 신석기시대의 서산 대죽리 패총에서 출토된말백합의 패각에 나타난 윤문을 판독하여 성장식을 추정하고현재의 말백합 개체군과의 성장을 비교하였다. 패총 출토 패각의 수는 총 206개체였다. 각 연령군별로 각장과 윤경 간에 대응성을 보였고, 각 윤문군이 비교적 뚜렷이 구분되어 윤문판독의 타당성이 확인되어 판독된 윤문을 연륜으로 간주하였다. 패총 출토 말백합의 윤문은2-5개까지 확인되어 2-5세군으로 구성되었음을 알 수 있었다. 패총 개체군의 성장식은 SLt=102.9025[1-e-0.18657(t+1.0906)] 이었으며, 현생 개체군은 SLt=104.2583[1-e-0.2277(t+0.7499)]이었다. 각장 (SL) 과 각고 (SH) 간의 상대성장식은 패총 개체군SH = 0.7791SL + 3.6636 (R2 = 0.946) 이었으며, 현생개체군은 SH = 0.8103SL + 0.5145 (R2 = 0.991) 이었다. 두 개체군의 성장계수 (k) 는 차이가 없었고 (p < 0.05),극한각장 (SL∞) 은 차이가 있었으나 (p > 0.05) 전체적으로두 개체군의 상대성장식의 차이는 크지 않아 성장의 차이는 없다고 할 수 있다. 이는 두 개체군의 서식 환경이 비슷하다는것을 의미한다. 따라서 신석기시대의 대죽리 패총이 형성될 당시 인근 연안의 해수온은 현재의 김제 연안지역과 비슷하게 높았을 가능성이 있는 것으로 추정된다.

Variability of Soil Water Content, Temperature, and Electrical Conductivity in Strawberry and Tomato Greenhouses in Winter

류동기,류명진,정선옥,허승오,홍순정,성제훈,김학헌 한국농업기계학회 2014 바이오시스템공학 Vol.39 No.1

Purpose: Monitoring and control of environmental condition is highly important for optimum control of the conditions,especially in greenhouses and plant factories, and the condition is not uniform within the facility. Objectives of the studywere to investigate variability in soil water content and to provide information useful for better irrigation control. Methods:Experiments were conducted in a strawberry-growing greenhouse (greenhouse 1) and a cherry tomato-growing greenhouse(greenhouse 2) in winter. Soil water content, electrical conductivity (EC), and temperature were measured over the entirearea, at different distances from an irrigation pump, and on ridge and furrow areas. Results: When measured over the entiregreenhouse area, soil water content decreased and temperature and electrical conductivity increased over time frommorning to afternoon after irrigation. Water content decreased by distance from the irrigation pump up to 70 m andincreased after that, and temperature showed an inverse pattern. Soil water contents on the ridge were lower than those onthe furrow, and the differences were 10.2~18.4%, indicating considerable variability. The lowest EC were observed on thefurrow and highest values were observed on the ridge. Soil water contents were less and temperature levels were greater atthe window side than in the center locations. Conclusions: Selection of number and location of soil water content sensorwould be the first step for better water content monitoring and irrigation control. Results of the study would provide basicdata useful for optimum sensor location and control for underground greenhouse environment.

군산연안 동죽 개체군의 동태에 관한 연구 II. 생산력

류동기 한국패류학회 1997 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.13 No.2

1990년 3월부터 1991년 2월까지 전라북도 군산 연안에 서식하는 동죽을 채집하여, 순간성장율, 순간사망율, 평균 생체량, 연간 생물생산력에 대하여 조사하였다. 치패는 각장 약 0.75 mm가 7월에 처음 채집되었으며, 0-5세의 6개 cohort로 구분되었다. 순간성장률은 여름철에 ?고 겨울철에 낮았지만, 순간사망률은 여름철에 높았다. 조사지역에서 동쪽 개체군의 연간평균 생체량은 3.865 g/$m^2$이었으며, 연간생산량은 3.933 g/$m^2$이었고, 연간 회전율은 1.020, 회전시간은 0.986년으로 추정되었다.

群山沿岸에 棲息하는 바지락의 成長에 關한 硏究

柳東基 군산대학교 1991 群山水産專門大學 硏究報告 Vol.25 No.1

Growth of Tapes philippinarum was investigated from April 1990 to March 1991 in the coast of Kunsan. The water temperature of the studied areas ranged from 31.4℃ to 1.8℃. Based on the monthly variation of marginal growth rate(MI')of the shell, it was suggested that ring formation occurred in March once a year and takes approximately 20 months for first ring to be formed on the shell. The relationship between the shell length(L) and the total weight(W) was represented by the following equation ; W = 3.5885×10-4L2.8363 and also the relationship between the shell length(L) and the shell height(H) and the shell width(SW) were represented by the equations ; H =0.6649 L+1.37726, SW=0.5111 L-0.72729 Growth curves for shell length and total weight fitted to Bertalanffy's equation were expressed as ; Lt = 65.26(1-e-0.2436(t+0.3928)) Wt = 50.32 (1-e-0.2436(t+0.3928))2.8363

개량조개 (Mactra chinensis Philippi)의 자원관리I. 연령과 성장

류동기,김용호 한국패류학회 2001 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.17 No.1

1994년 1월부터 1994년 12월까지 전라북도 군산시 하제 연안에 서식하는 개량조개의 성장을 조사하였다. 개량조개의 패각에 나타나는 윤문은 년 1 회 형성되며 주 윤문 형성시기는 8월에서 9월로 조사되었다. 초륜 형성기간은 15 개월 (1.25년)로 나타났다. 각장 (SL) 과 전중 (TW) 간의 관계는 TW = 2.2476 $\times$ $10^{-5}$ SL$^{3.536}$ 이었으며, 각장 (SL) 과 각고 (SH) 간의 관계는 SH = 0.7545 SL - 0.0145 이고, 각장 (SL) 과 각폭 (SW) 간의 관계는 SW = 0.5336 SL - 2.4253 였다. 연령 (t) 에 대한 각장 (SL$_{t}$ ) 과 전중(TW$_{t}$ ) 의 Bertalanffy 성장식은 SL$_{t}$ =60.02[1 - e$^{-0.6458(t-0.3895)}$ ], 이고 Twt = 43.63[1 - e$^{0.6458(t-0.3895)}$ ]$^{3.536}$ 였다. The relationship between shell length and ring radius in each ring group was expressed as a regression line. Therefore, there is a correspondence in each ring formation. Based on the monthly variation of the marginal index (Ml') of the shell, it is assumed that the ring of this species was formed once a year during the period of August to October, and the main period of the annual ring formation was August through September. The relationship between shell length (SL) and total weight (TW) was expressed by the equation TW = 2.2476 $\times$ 10$^{-5}$ SL$^{3.536}$ ($r^2$= 0.90). Shell length (SL) and shell height (SH; mm) were highly correlated with the equation SH = 0.7545 SL - 0.0145 ($r^2$= 0.93). The shell length (SL)-shell width (SW) relation was expressed by the equation SW = 0.5336 SL- 2.4253 ($r^2$= 0.87). Growth curves for shell length and total weight fitted to the von Bertalanffy's equation were expressed as follows: SL$_{t}$ =60.02[1 - e$^{-0.6458(t-0.3895)}$ ], Twt = 43.63[1 - e$^{0.6458(t-0.3895)}$ ]$^{3.536}$ .

해양과 인간

류동기,Ryu, Dong-Gi 한국과학기술단체총연합회 2004 과학과 기술 Vol.37 No.3

까나리, Ammodytes personatus GIRARD 成長

柳東基,金盈蕙,姜龍柱 군산대학교 1991 群山水産專門大學 硏究報告 Vol.25 No.1

Growth of the sand eel, Ammodytes personatus was investigated from March 20 to December 14, 1988 in the costal waters of Sinsudo, Samchonpo. The rings in the otolith were used as the character for age annulus. The time of its formation was estimated to the early of May. It takes approximately 16 months for first ring to be formed in the otolith. The daily ring in the otolith of the fingerlings was formed onece a day. The relationship between the total length(L) and otolith radius(R) and body weight(W) were represented respectively as follows ; L=30.25+17.90R, W=3.1×10-7 L3.4770. Spawning season was from the middle of November to the middle of March and the peak was in December.