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윤성종,남덕호 대한영상의학회 2014 대한영상의학회지 Vol.70 No.5
Purpose: This study retrospectively compared the accuracy of angiographic sentinel signs (sentinel vessels, hypovascular areas, and delayed dots) with extravasation in the diagnosis of ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods: Sixteen patients diagnosed with HCC between March 2007 and November 2011 were evaluated. Among the patients, we identified 32 HCCs (19 ruptured, 13 unruptured), and assessed all HCCs by hepatic angiography with regard to extravasation, sentinel vessels, hypovascular areas, and delayed dots. We compared the sensitivity and specificity of the sentinel signs with those of the extravasation for the diagnosis of a ruptured HCC. Results: For the angiographic diagnosis of a ruptured HCC, the sensitivity of the sentinel signs (sentinel vessel, 63.2%; hypovascular area, 89.5%; delayed dot, 72.7%) was higher than the sensitivity of extravasation (15.8%). The difference in sensitivity between each sentinel sign and extravasation was statistically significant (sentinel vessel, p = 0.012; hypovascular area, p < 0.001; delayed dot, p = 0.039). The specificity of sentinel signs for the diagnosis of ruptured HCC was not statistically different from the specificity of extravasation. Conclusion: Sentinel signs are more accurate than extravasation for the angiographic diagnosis of a ruptured HCC.
PREDICTION OF DRIVER’S DROWSINESS USING MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS FOR MINIMAL RISK CONDITION
이호영,남덕호,김경필,백건희,이다솜,서명원 한국자동차공학회 2022 International journal of automotive technology Vol.23 No.4
Use of an Automated Driving System is expected to improve traffic safety by protecting drivers from drowsy driving. Previous studies on the use of Automated Driving Systems mainly focused on detecting a driver’s level of drowsiness and protecting drivers from accidents by performing fallback maneuvers. However, maneuvers conducted in drowsy states are limited in their ability to achieve Minimal Risk Conditions because human drivers show a gradual degradation in their driving ability as they fall asleep and the probability of an accident increases greatly after a driver becomes drowsy. Thus, current Automated Driving Systems require algorithms to predict drowsiness and perform maneuvers before the driver becomes too drowsy. This paper suggests an algorithm that not only detects but also predicts driver drowsiness using 6 vehicle data points. Driver condition is classified into 4 states and Driver drowsiness can be predicted by detecting the severe fatigue state, which tends to occur one minute before the drowsy state. The vehicle driving data are collected using a simulator and features that can be used to distinguish between the 4 states are investigated through data analysis. Ultimat
백건희,김경필,남덕호,김재식,장지환,서명원 한국자동차공학회 2021 International journal of automotive technology Vol.22 No.5
New powertrain technologies, such as those used in Hybrid Electric Vehicles, have a price premium which is often offset by lower running costs. Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) combines these purchase and operating expenses to identify the most economical vehicles overall. This is a valuable assessment for both private and fleet purchasers. To date, no studies have compared Total Cost of Ownership across more than two vehicle markets or analysed historic costs. To address this gap, this research provides a more extensive assessment of TCO in three industrialized countries – the U.S.A. (California specifically), the UK, and Republic of Korea – for the time period from 2015 ~ 2019. As an early analysis of the regional characteristics of TCO, this study aims to examine how TCO varies across different geographic regions and develop an analysis methodology for future analysis of environmental vehicles. To analyze the TCO under identical conditions for each region, the TCO result is calculated using data from conventional vehicles by utilizing sufficient statistical data. The TCO model includes registration and road taxes as well as insurance, fuel, financial interest, depreciation, and maintenance costs. To represent the local features, the research considers four vehicles from different manufacturers. Using the proposed TCO model, the regional characteristic is analyzed and a sensitivity analysis is performed with the parameters constituting the TCO model. This research has implications for both fleet purchasers and private owners considering new vehicles. The findings are also relevant for carmakers aiming to develop vehicle sales strategies optimized for specific regions.
송경섭,이현실,남덕호,박기혁,윤상섭,이강훈,이배영 대한혈관외과학회 2014 Vascular Specialist International Vol.30 No.1
This is to report the technique of reversed iliac leg stent-graft in endovascular treatment for isolated internal iliac artery (IIA) aneurysm, which had significant size discrepancy between the common iliac artery (CIA) and external iliac artery (EIA) in 3 patients from different hospitals. Three patients were a 85- and two 82- year-old men. Treated were right IIA aneurysms, sized 6.5×6.2 cm, 5.0×4.0 cm, and 4.1 cm in longest diameter, respectively. The diameters of the right CIA and right EIA measured 21 mm/11 mm, 15 mm/11 mm, and 20 mm/10 mm, respectively. In all cases, reversed iliac leg stent-grafts were prepared on-site; unsheathed and mounted upside-down ma nually, and deployed in each right CIA. Post-stent-graft angiograms showed complete exclusion of the aneurysms, except for minimal type 1 endoleak in one case. This technique is a useful treatment option in patients with isolated IIA an eurysm.
조진현,안형준,남덕호,박호철 대한혈관외과학회 2011 Vascular Specialist International Vol.27 No.3
Purpose: Various duplex criteria have been used to predict hemodynamically significant carotid artery stenosis. Clinicians have relied on published institutional experience for carotid duplex ultrasound interpretation. Duplex parameters for interpreting carotid artery stenosis severity consist of peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity of the internal carotid artery (ICA), the ratio of ICA PSV and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) to common carotid artery (CCA) PSV (PSV_(ICA/CCA)) and EDV (EDV_(ICA/CCA)). This study was performed to elucidate which duplex parameter can predict the severity of the carotid artery stenosis more accurately. Methods: The carotid duplex ultrasound and angiographic results of 121 carotid arteries were analyzed. Receiver operater characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare PSV, EDV, and both ratios in detecting ≥50%, ≥60%, and ≥70% stenosis of the internal carotid artery. Results: The PSV_(ICA/CCA) ratio can accurately detect ≥50%, ≥60%, and ≥70% stenosis of the internal carotid artery. To detect ≥50% angiographic stenosis, a PSV_(ICA/CCA) ratio of 1.2 has a sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 77%. A PSV_(ICA/CCA) ratio of 1.8 can detect ≥60% angiographic stenosis with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 79%. Finally, a PSV_(ICA/CCA) ratio of 2.2 can detect ≥70% angiographic stenosis with a sensitivity and specificity of 70 and 89%, respectively. Conclusion: The PSV_(ICA/CCA) ratio can be used for detecting internal carotid artery angiographic stenosis. PSV_(ICA/CCA) ratios of 1.2, 1.8, and 2.2 are proper criteria for interpreting 50%≤, 60%≤ and 70%≤ stenosis,respectively.
CT Findings of a Gastric Inflammatory Fibroid Polyp Manifesting as Unexpected Growth: A Case Report
김현철,양달모,진욱,남덕호,김교영,최성일 대한영상의학회 2009 대한영상의학회지 Vol.60 No.4
Gastric inflammatory fibroid polyps (IFP) are rare benign entities that are usually encountered in the gastric antrum. The authors report the CT findings of a gastric IFP case experiencing marked growth over a five-month period. An initial CT revealed a polypoid wall thickening of about 3.5×2.5 cm in the gastric antrum. A follow-up CT performed five months later revealed a cauliflower-like submucosal mass of about 8×5 cm. The mass was surgically excised and confirmed as an IFP. The authors suggest that when an evolving cauliflower-like submucosal lesion of the stomach is detected, an IFP should be considered in the differential diagnoses.