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나인호 群山大學校 情報通信技術硏究所 1998 情報通信技術硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.-
It is necessary for enhancing electronic commerce on a open network such as Internet to provide users with reliability and safety on it. Encryption technology is a one of the major research fields for protecting informations on EC system against attackers. A standard encryption technology is under the construction by OECD and many countries are going to demand a political and institutional system for enhancing EC globally. In this paper, we survey encryption policies proposed by international organizations and advanced nation. In addition, it gives a direction helping for making a proper domestic encryption policy by which the degree of reliability of informations on EC can be enlarged. Finally, it introduces some applicative technologies based on encryption technologies for realizing EC and analyzes evolution of strategies for EC and Encryption policies currently revised by domestic industries related to EC.
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나인호 한국국어교육학회 2014 새국어교육 Vol.0 No.98
The conceptual history recently grows fashionable in the Korean academic world. Premising an interaction between the concept and the historical reality, this new discipline studies how these are intertwined. This paper discusses six theoretical axioms of conceptual history for analyzing such a complex relationship between them as follows:1. A history is not possible without language, but the former can’t be reduced as the latter. 2. A concept should not be regarded as an idea but a linguistic construction. Therefor, the research object of conceptual history is not a history of concept itself but of how the concept was used. 3. The relationship between the concept and the historical reality is unstable. Thus, a concept is not the object of definition but of interpretation. 4. The concept is not only an indicator, but also a factor of reality. 5. Those who control the concept rule the reality. 6. The historical reality means a tense relationship between the ‘past present’ and the ‘present past’. 최근 국내학계에서 개념사 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 개념사는 개념과 역사적 실제 사이의 상호영향을 전제한 채 이 둘이 서로 어떻게 얽혀있는가를 탐구한다. 이 글은 개념과 역사적 실제의 얽힘을 풀기위한 개념사의 이론적 공리 여섯 개를 상론한다. 그 주요 내용은 다음과 같다. 1. 언어 없이 역사는 불가능하지만 역사는 결코 언어로 환원될 수 없다. 2. 개념은 관념(이념)이 아니라 언어적 구성물이다. 따라서 개념의 역사가 아니라, 개념 사용의 역사가 중요하다. 3. 개념과 역사적 실제의 관계는 불안정하다. 따라서 개념은 정의의 대상이 아니라 해석의 대상이다. 4. 개념은 실제의 지표이자 동시에 그 요소이다. 5. 개념을 통제하는 자가 현실을 지배한다. 6. 역사적 실제란 ‘과거의 현재’와 ‘현재화된 과거’ 사이의 긴장관계이다.
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나인호 문화사학회 2011 역사와 문화 Vol.21 No.-
Linguistic Politics and Conceptual Struggle over the Nazi Memories Inho Na(Daegu University) How the Germans have made efforts to overcome the Nazi past is well introduced by many Korean historians who try to make a comparison between Korean and German historical processes of past conquest. But the German linguistic politics over the Nazi criminal past receives no attention, even though it has been continuously an important element in the history of the Nazi past conquest. This paper tried to fill such vacuum. The linguistic politics over the Nazi criminal past, which has been always controversial, means the normative control of ‘historically correct speech’ related to the Nazi past as well as the criticism of the Nazi vocabulary and concepts. The German controversy over the linguistic politics related to the Nazi past began immediately after 1945 and continued to be intensified through the late 1980s. It can be divided into two phases: 1. The first is characterized by the criticism of the Nazi language and the anti-criticism of this in the context of denazification. The critics of the Nazi words like Viktor Klemperer and a group of philologists tried to build a warning monument which should serve to memorize the ‘corrupted language’ of the Nazism. Through this, they wanted to exclude the Nazi vocabulary and concepts from the public discourses in the German society. 2. During the Conservatives and Progressives competed for the preoccupation of the meanings of important concepts in the 1970s, the linguistic politics was magnified. In such situation, since the mid-1980s appeared the second phase in which the positive linguistic politics for establishing the ‘correct memory’ proceeded. The progressives called as ‘left’ in Germany made an effort to draw a normative boundary between what is ‘sayable’ and not ‘sayable’, that is, to establish a strict linguistic norm related to the Nazi past. On the contrary, the conservatives tried to extend the limit of what is ‘sayable’, criticizing the linguistic politics of the ‘left’ which they denunciated as ‘political correctness’.
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나인호 한국독일사학회 2017 독일연구 Vol.- No.34
이 논문은 괴팅엔의 계몽철학자이자 역사가였던 크리스토프 마이너스(1747~1810)의 인류학적 세계사를 중심으로 어떻게 계몽주의가 근대 인종주의를 탄생시켰는가를 분석하였다. 마이너스는 ‘인류사’를 서술했는데, 그의 ‘인류사’는 단순히 다양한 민족이나 종족의 역사가 아니라, 지구상의 모든 인종들의 역사를 다뤘다. 이를 통해 그는 지구 탄생 기에서부터 현재에 이르는 시기를 포괄하는 자연사와 문화사가 결합된 새로운 역사를 서술하려 하였다. 그의 인류학적 세계사는 인종간의 위계서열과 인간 불평등을 자연법칙으로 강조하였고, 기후와 같은 환경이 인종을 형성하는데 결정적 요소임을 주장하던 동시대인들과의 논쟁 속에서 피와 유전적 요소를 부각시켰다. 이로써 그는 계몽사상가들의 인간을 새롭게 이해하기 위한 과학적 인종 담론을 인간을 새롭게 차별하기 위한 인종주의 담론으로 변화시켰다. 그의 인종주의는 계몽주의 시대의 소박한 유럽중심주의를 뛰어넘어, 19세기 중엽 이후에 등장하게 될 강한 정치적인 함의를 내포한 인종주의의 선구였다. 구체적으로 그의 인종주의는 반민주주의적 반동주의, 인종적 반유대주의, 반가톨릭적 종파주의, 성차별주의, 민족주의적 인종주의를 선취하였다. Concentrating on the anthropological world history of the philosophe and historian in Goettingen, Christoph Meiners(1747~1810), this paper analyzed how the enlightenment produced the modern racism. Meiners wrote a ‘history of mankind’, of which the topic is not a history of various nations or ethnics but all races in the world. With this, he aimed at a new historiography in which the natural and cultural histories combined together from the period when the earth was born to the present time. His anthropological world history emphasized the hierarchy of human races, human inequality as natural law, and the genetic factor for determining the races in the discussion with his contemporaries asserting that the environment such as climate is decisive for forming the races. This means that he converted the scientific race discourse of the enlightenment into the racist one. His racism went beyond euro-centrism in the age of enlightenment and politically became a forerunner of antidemocratic reactionism, antisemitism, anti-catholic confessionalism, sexism, and national racism after the middle 19th century.
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