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평판-관 구조물 용접시 발생하는 응력 및 변형율에 관한 연구
나석주,김형완 대한용접접합학회 1986 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.4 No.2
In manufacturing of pipe walls for boiler units, distortion can result in pipe-web-pipe joints from the nonuniform expansion and contraction of the weld metal and the adjacent base metal during heating and cooling cycle of the welding process. In this study, the stresses and strains during longitudinal welding of the plate-to-pipe joint were investigated. Using the method of successive elastic solution, longitudinal stresses and strains during and after welding were calculated from the information of temperature distributions obtained by Rosenthal's equations. In order to confirm the validity of the numerical results, the temperature and residual stress distributions were measured and compared with the calculated results. In spite of some assumptions, the one-dimensional analytical results of residual stresses were in fairly good agreement with the experimental ones. The residual stresses due to welding of plate-to-pipe joints are tensile near the weld line and compressive in the base metal as in the welding of plates. the amount and distribution of residual stresses were deeply dependent on the heat input ratio of the plate and pipe.
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비소세포 폐암에서의 Microsatellite Instability와 p53. K-ras, c-myc 암단백의 발현
나석주,곽문섭 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 2000 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.33 No.1
Background: Microsatellites are short-tandem repeated uncleotide sequences present throughout the human genome. Alterations of microsatellites have been termed microsatellite instability(MI). It has been generally known that microsatellite instability detected in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) reflects genetic instability that is caused by impairments of DNA mismatch repair system regarding as a novel tumorigenic mechanism. A number of studies reported that MI occurred at varying frequencies in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). However It has been unproven whether MI could be a useful market of genetic instability and have a clinical significance in NSCLC. Material and Method : We have examined whether MI can be observed in thirty NCSLC using polymerase chain reaction whether such alterations are associated with other molecular changes such as p53, K-ras and c-myc oncoproteins expression detected by immunohistochemical stain,. Result: MI(+) was observed in 16.6%(5/30) and MI(-) was 83.3% (25/30) Average age was 50$\pm$7.5 year-old in MI(+) group and 57$\pm$6.6 year-old in MI(-) group. Two year survival rate in MI(=) group (20% 1/5) was worse than MI(-) group (64% 16/25) with a statistic difference. (P=0.04) The positive rate of K-ras oncoprotein expression and simultaneous expression of 2 or 3 oncoproteins expression were higher in MI(+) group than MI(-) group with a statistic difference(P=0.05, P=0.01) Conclusion: From, these results the authors can conclude that MI is found in some NSCLC and it may be a novel tumorigenic mechanism in some NSCLC. We also conclude that MI could be used as another poor prognostic factor in NSCLS.
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나석주 대한용접접합학회 1991 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.9 No.3
근래에 들어 국민들의 소득이 높아지고 생활수준이 향상됨에 따라 어려운 일은 하지 않으려고 하는 풍조가 사회전반에 걸쳐 만연되고 있다. 용접공정은 우리사회에서 가장 어렵고, 고된 일종의 하나로 인식되어 있고, 그 중에서도 특히 수도용 대형 강관의 용접시공은 열악한 작업현장 환 경과 전자세 용접등의 어려움 때문에 매우 높은 임금을 제시해도 용접공들사이에서 기피되는 대표적 사례이다. 따라서 앞으로의 원활한 상수도 공급을 위해서 긴급하게 요구되는 대형강관의 설치를 위해서는 용접공정의 자동화가 절실히 요구되는 실정이다. 이와 같은 문제의 해결을 위한 연구의 일환으로 선진국의 수도용 대형 강관 용접시공 방법 및 자동화의 현황을 파악하고, 우리나라의 용접시공 현황과 비교, 검토하여 현실에 적합한 수도용 강관의 용접시공 방법 및 자동화기법을 도출하기 위해서 미국, 이태리, 일본의 관계되는 회사들을 방문하였다. 이와 같은 해외방문목적을 요약하면 아래와 같다. 1) 선진국 대형 강관 용접시공의 현황파악 2) 수도용 대형 강관 용접시공자동화의 가능성 조사. 3) 대형 강관 용접시공 자동화를 위해서 필요한 장치들의 성능조사.
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강 의 마찰용접 에 미치는 탄소당량 의 영향 - 동종강 에 대하여
나석주,김성도 대한용접접합학회 1985 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.3 No.2
In this study, the influence of carbon equivalents on friction welds of similar steels was investigated. Four types of steels with 15mm diameter tested in the wide range of carbon equivalents from 0.3 to 1.1 Main experimental results are summarized as follows : (1) Under the constant burn-off length, the friction time becomes longer with the increasing carbon equivalent, but the upset length shows no consistent tendencies. (2) Due to the recrystallization in the contact area, the maximum hardness occurs some away from the contact surface. And it increases almost linearly with the increasing carbon equivalent. (3) Even a steel with 1.1 C.E. can be friction welded to make defect-free welds. (4) With the increasing carbon equivalent, the bend angle and charpy impact value decrease very rapidly in the range from 0.3 C. E., but remain nearly unchanged for C. E. higher than 0.6. (5) Heat treatment of the base metals before welding has very little influence on the mechanical properties of welds. On the other hand, normalizing of the welds improves the bend angle and charpy impact value, but its effect becomes almost negligible, when the carbon equivalents are higher than 0.6.
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나석주 대한용접접합학회 1988 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.6 No.2
고밀도 에너지빔의 하나인 플라즈마를 이용한 절단 및 용접법은 알루미늄, 스테인레스강 등 특수금속의 가공에 적용될 수 있고, 산소용접 및 절단, SMAW, GMAW, GTAW 등의 거래식 열 가공법에 비해서 부품의 정밀도, 가공속도면에서 유리하여 그 사용범위가 점점 넓어지고 있다. LBW, LBC, EBW 등과 마찬가지로 Keyholing 현상을 이용할 수 있어 높은 용입깊이를 나타낼 수 있는 장점이 있으며, 그 성능면에서는 위 방법들과 비교해 볼 때 가공속도, 가공부의 성질 등에서 불리하고, 장치의 저렴, 조작의 간편함 등에서 유리하기 때문에, 경쟁 및 상호보완의 관계를 유지시켜 나갈 것으로 기대된다. 수동가공과 자동가공이 모두 가능하나 부품의 정밀도와 생산성 향상을 위해서는 플라즈마 가공공정에 적합한 자동화 장치의 개발이 필요하다.
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나석주,양영수 대한용접접합학회 1986 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.4 No.3
In this study, the influence of carbon equivalents on friction welds of dissimilar steels was investigated. Four types of carbon steels with 10mm diameter were welded to a high-speed tool steel SKH 9. Main experimental results could be summarized as follows (1) Under constant friction pressure, the friction time increased almost linearly with the increasing burn-off length, while the forge length decreased almost linearly. (2) The maximum hardness in carbon steels increased almost linearly with the increasing carbon equivalent, but was much lower than that in the high speed steel. (3) After quenching and tempering of dissimilar steel friction welds, the hardness in carbon steel weldments became similar as that in the base metal, while the hardness in SKH 9 weld was still higher that of the base metal. (4) Relative movement in the friction phae occurred not at the interface of the weldments, but in the high speed steed steel near the interface. (5) For considered material combinations and welding parameters, most of fractures in tension and twisting tests occurred in the base metal. And welds with so high strength could produced in a wide range of welding parameters.
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