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Synthesis of LiCo⅓Ni⅓Mn⅓O₂ by a Simple Combustion Method and Electrochemical Properties
김훈욱,Daniel R. Mumm,박혜령,송명엽 대한금속·재료학회 2010 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.6 No.3
LiCo⅓Ni⅓Mn⅓O₂ was synthesized by a simple combustion method and its electrochemical properties were examined. The XRD patterns of the samples calcined at 900°C and 1,000°C showed sharp peaks for an R m structure with clear splitting between the (006) and (102) peaks and between the (108) and (110) peaks. The size of the particles increased as the calcination temperature rose. The samples after combustion, and after combustion and calcinations, were analyzed by FT-IR. The samples calcined at 900°C and 1,000°C had similar a and c values, and similar first discharge capacities (176 and 177 mAh/g, respectively, at 20mA/g), but the sample calcined at 900°C had better cycling performance. The sample calcined at 900°C had smaller particles and more uniform particle sizes than the sample calcined at 1,000°C.
연소합성법에 의한 결함구조 Li4Mn5O12제조와 하이브리드 커패시터 적용
김훈욱,선양국,이범석,진창수,신경희 한국전기화학회 2010 한국전기화학회지 Vol.13 No.2
Li4Mn5O12 was synthesized by combustion method using LiNO3, Li(CH3COO)·2H2O and Mn(CH3COO)2·4H2O. Li4Mn5O12 was obtained over 400˚C, however, the sample calcined at 400oC for any time was mixed phases of Li4Mn5O12 and Mn2O3. Li4Mn5O12 calcined at 400oC for 5 h had larger first discharge capacity (41.5mAh/g) at 1C-rate for 3.7~4.4V than other calcined samples. Moreover, applying to hybrid capacitor, it had good discharge capacity (24.74 mAh/g or 10.46 mAh/cc) at 100 mA/g for 1~2.5 V and higher energy density (39Wh/kg or 16.49Wh/cc)at same condition.
연소합성법에 의한 결함구조 Li<sub>4</sub>Mn<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub>제조와 하이브리드 커패시터 적용
김훈욱,선양국,이범석,진창수,신경희,Kim, Hun-Uk,Sun, Yang-Kook,Lee, Bum-Suk,Jin, Chang-Soo,Shin, Kyoung-Hee 한국전기화학회 2010 한국전기화학회지 Vol.13 No.2
$LiNO_3$, $Li(CH_3COO){\cdot}2H_2O$ 그리고 $Mn(CH_3COO)_2{\cdot}4H_2O$를 출발물질로 하여 $Li_4Mn_5O_{12}$를 합성 하였으며 합성방법은 연소합성법을 사용하였다. $Li_4Mn_5O_{12}$는 $400^{\circ}C$ 이상의 열처리 온도에서 얻을 수 있었으나 $400^{\circ}C$로 열처리 하였을 때 $Mn_2O_3$가 같이 존재하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. $400^{\circ}C$에서 5시간동안 열처리한 $Li_4Mn_5O_{12}$를 3.7~4.4 V의 전압범위에서 1C-rate로 충방전 하였을 때 가장 좋은 첫 번째 방전용량(41.5 mAh/g)을 나타내었다. 이것을 하이브리드 커패시터에 적용하였을 때 100 mA/g의 전류밀도에서 24.74 mAh/g (10.46 mAh/cc)의 방전용량을 나타내었으며 이때의 에너지 밀도는 39 Wh/kg (16.49Wh/cc)으로 우수하였다. $Li_4Mn_5O_{12}$ was synthesized by combustion method using $LiNO_3$, $Li(CH_3COO){\cdot}2H_2O$ and $Mn(CH_3COO)_2{\cdot}4H_2O$. $Li_4Mn_5O_{12}$ was obtained over $400^{\circ}C$, however, the sample calcined at $400^{\circ}C$ for any time was mixed phases of $Li_4Mn_5O_{12}$ and $Mn_2O_3$. $Li_4Mn_5O_{12}$ calcined at $400^{\circ}C$ for 5 h had larger first discharge capacity (41.5mAh/g) at 1C-rate for 3.7~4.4V than other calcined samples. Moreover, applying to hybrid capacitor, it had good discharge capacity (24.74 mAh/g or 10.46 mAh/cc) at 100 mA/g for 1~2.5 V and higher energy density (39Wh/kg or 16.49Wh/cc) at same condition.
TiO2와 ZnO를 첨가한 LiNiO2의 전기화학적 특성
김훈욱,송명엽 한국수소및신에너지학회 2005 한국수소 및 신에너지학회논문집 Vol.16 No.2
LiNiO2 was mixed with TiO2 or ZnO for the preparation of a cathode. The electrochemical properties of the cathode were investigated and the effects of the addition of TiO2 or ZnO were discussed. The first discharge capacity decreased as the quantity of the added TiO2 or ZnO increased. It is probably due to the decrease in the area of reaction interface according to the increase in the amount of the added oxide. When 2wt.% and 5wt.% of oxides are added, the discharge capacity increased as the number of cycles increased. It is considered that this results from the increase in the area of reaction interface because the oxide is detached from the LiNiO2 with the increase in the number of cycles. The 1wt.% TiO2 or ZnO-added LiNiO2 had a larger first charge capacity than LiNiO2. This is considered to result from the deintercalation of Li ions in the Ni sites along with the Li ions in the Li sites.
기계적 혼합과 고상법에 의한 LiNiO<sub>2</sub>의 합성과 전기화학적 특성
김훈욱,윤순도,이재천,박혜령,송명엽,Kim, Hunuk,Youn, SunDo,Lee, Jaecheon,Park, HyeRyoung,Song, Myoungyaup 한국세라믹학회 2005 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.42 No.5
[ $LiNiO_2$ ] was synthesized by the solid-state method after mixing $LiOH{\cdot}H_2O$ and $Ni(OH)_2$ with SPEX mill. The optimum condition for the synthesis of $LiNiO_2$ was the calcination at $750^{\circ}C$ for 30h in $O_2$ stream after milling for 1 h. The $LiNiO_2$ synthesized under this condition showed relatively large value of $I_{003}/I_{104}$ and relatively small value of R-factor. When $LiNiO_2$ was cycled in 2.7$\~$4.15 V at 0.1C-rate, the first discharge capacity was not very large (145.8 mAh/g) but it showed good cycling performance. When $LiNiO_2$ was cycled in 2.7$\~$4.2 V at 0.1C-rate, the first discharge capacity was large but ,it showed poor cycling performance probably because of the transition of H2 hexagonal structure to H3 hexagonal structure. In addition, when $LiNiO_2$ was cycled in 1.0$\~$4.8 V at 1/24C- rate, the first discharge capacity was very large (257.7 mAh/g) and the discharge capacity increased with the number of cycles.
기계적 혼합과 고상법에 의해 합성한 LiNi<sub>1-y</sub>Ga<sub>y</sub>O<sub>2</sub>의 전기화학적 특성
김훈욱,윤순도,이재천,박혜령,박찬기,송명엽,Kim, HunUk,Youn, SunDo,Lee, JaeCheon,Park, HyeRyoung,Park, Chan-Gi,Song, MyoungYoup 한국세라믹학회 2005 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.42 No.9
$LiNi_{1-y}Ga_yO_2$ (y = 0.005, 0.010, 0.025, 0.050, and 0.100) were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method after mechanical mixing, and their_electrochemical properties were investigated. All the $LiNi_{1-y}Ga_yO_2$ (y=0.005, 0.010, 0.025, 0.050, and 0.100) samples had the R3m structure. The sample with y = 0.025 showed the largest first discharge capacity (131.4 mAh/g) and good cycling performance [discharge capacity 117.5 mAh/g ($89.4{\%}$ of the first discharge capacity) at the 20th cycle]. The first discharge capacity decreased as the value of y increased. The samples with y = 0.010 and y = 0.005 had small R-factor but their cycling performance was worse than that of the sample with y = 0.025. All the $LiNi_{1-y}Ga_yO_2$ samples had smaller discharge capacities than $LiNiO_2$, but their cycling performances were better than that of $LiNiO_2$.
김훈욱,윤순도,이재천,박혜령,송명엽,Kim, Hunuk,Youn, SunDo,Lee, Jaecheon,Park, HyeRyoung,Song, Myoungyoup 한국세라믹학회 2005 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.42 No.5
By calcining at $750^{\circ}C$ for 30 h in $O_2$ stream after milling, $LiNi_{1-y}M_yO_2(M=Zn^{2+},\;Al^{3+}$, and $Ti^{4+}$, y = 0.005, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, and 0.1) were synthesized and their electrochemical properties were investigated. All the samples had R3m structure. $LiNi_{1-y}Zn_yO_2$ (y = 0.025, 0.05, and 0.1) contained ZnO anuor $Li_2ZnO_2$ as impurities. Among the samples substituted with the same element, the samples with relatively large value of $I_{003}/I_{104}$ and the smallest R-factor had the largest first discharge capacity and good cycling performance. $LiNi_{0.975}A1_{0.025}O_2$ had the largest first discharge capacity (172.5 mAh/g) and good cycling performance (about $89.4\%$ of the first discharge capacity at the 20th cycle). This sample had the largest value of $I_{003}/I_{104}$ and the smallest R-factor among all the samples. In addition, the particles of this sample were finer and their size was more homogeneous than the other samples. $LiNi_{0.95}A1_{0.05}O_2$ had relatively large first discharge capacity 150.4 mAh/g and good cycling performance.
기계적 혼합과 고상법에 의해 합성한 LiNi1-yMyO2(M=Zn2+,Al3+,and Ti4+)의 전기화학적 특성
김훈욱,윤순도,박혜령,송명엽,이재천 한국세라믹학회 2005 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.42 No.5
By calcining at 750℃ for 30h in O2 stream after milling, LiNi1-yMyO2 (M=Zn2+, Al3+ and Ti4+, y=0.005, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1) were synthesized and their electrochemical properties were investigated. All the samples had Rm structure. LiNi1-yZnyO2 (y=0.025, 0.05 and 0.1) contained ZnO and/or Li2ZnO2 as impurities. Among the samples substituted with the same element, the samples with relatively large value of I003/I104 and the smallest R-factor had the largest first discharge capacity and good cycling performance. LiNi0.975Al0.025O2 had the largest first discharge capacity (172.5mAh/g) and good cycling performance (about 89.4% of the first discharge capacity at the 20th cycle). This sample had the largest value of I003/I104 and the smallest R-factor among all the samples. In addition, the particles of this sample were finer and their size was more homogeneous than the other samples. LiNi0.95Al0.05O2 had relatively large first discharge capacity 150.4mAh/g and good cycling performance.