주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동과 형제의 임상특징 및 신경심리학 소견

이현정(Hyun-Jeong Lee),박장호(Jangho Park),김효원(Hyo-Won Kim) 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2013 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.24 No.4

Objectives:This study aims to investigate the clinical characteristics and neuropsychological profiles of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and their siblings. Methods:Eighteen children (age 8.2±1.7 years, 12 boys) with ADHD and their 18 siblings (age 7.8±1.6 years, 8 boys) completed Continuous Performance (CPT), Stroop, Children’s Trail Making, Rey-Kim Memory, and Kim’s Frontal Executive Function tasks. The parents of these subjects underwent the Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale (ARS), 10-item Parent General Behavior Inventory (P-GBI), and the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). Paired t-tests were used. Results:The inattention (p=.020), and hyperactivity-impulsivity (p=.001), scores of the ARS and the P-GBI score (p=.004) were significantly higher in children with ADHD than in their siblings. Deficits in social communication and motivation on SRS were higher in children with ADHD than in their siblings (p=.017 and p=.011, respectively). Z-scores of omission and commission errors as well as response time variability on visual CPT and omission errors on auditory CPT were in clinically significant range, and z-score of omission errors on auditory CPT was in borderline range in siblings. Omission (p=.018) and commission errors on Visual CPT (p=.007) were significantly higher in children with ADHD compared to their siblings. Recognition efficiency on Kim’s Frontal Executive Function Task was lower in children with ADHD compared to their siblings, but in normal range in both groups. Stroop interference and figure fluency on Kims Frontal Executive Function Task were in borderline range in ADHD group, and figure fluency was in borderline range in siblings. Conclusion:Our results support a preliminary evidence for mild degree of attention deficit in ADHD siblings. Further studies are needed to examine the cognitive functions of siblings with ADHD in larger samples.

코스피 예측을 위한 EMD를 이용한 혼합 모형

김효원,성병찬,Kim, Hyowon,Seong, Byeongchan 한국통계학회 2016 응용통계연구 Vol.29 No.3

본 연구에서는 시계열 자료의 비정상성과 비선형성과 같은 복잡성을 효과적으로 포용할 수 있는 경험적모드분해법(empirical mode decomposition; EMD)을 토대로 시계열 자료의 분석 및 예측을 위한 혼합(hybrid) 모형을 연구한다. EMD에 의하여 생성되는 내재모드함수(intrinsic mode function; IMF)는 해석 및 예측의 편리성을 개선하기 위하여 누적에너지의 개념을 사용하여 그룹화하였으며, 그룹화된 IMF 및 residue의 성분들은 그 성질에 따라서 ARIMA 모형 및 지수평활법과 결합된 혼합 모형으로 예측된다. 제안된 방법은 일별 코스피 지수의 예측을 위해서 적용하였다. 다양한 형태의 혼합 모형을 사용하여 코스피 지수를 예측하였으며 전통적인 예측 방법과 비교하였다. 분석 결과, 그룹화된 성분들은 코스피 지수의 움직임을 단기적, 중기적, 장기적으로 해석하는데 편리함을 주었으며, 그룹화된 IMF 및 residue를 각각 ARIMA 모형과 지수평활법으로 조합한 혼합 모형이 우수한 예측력을 보여주었다. The paper considers a hybrid model to analyze and forecast time series data based on an empirical mode decomposition (EMD) that accommodates complex characteristics of time series such as nonstationarity and nonlinearity. We aggregate IMFs using the concept of cumulative energy to improve the interpretability of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) from EMD. We forecast aggregated IMFs and residue with a hybrid model that combines the ARIMA model and an exponential smoothing method (ETS). The proposed method is applied to forecast KOSPI time series and is compared to traditional forecast models. Aggregated IMFs and residue provide a convenience to interpret the short, medium and long term dynamics of the KOSPI. It is also observed that the hybrid model with ARIMA and ETS is superior to traditional and other types of hybrid models.

자원의 동적 능력 향상을 위한 경제적인 WDM-PON 구조

김효원,황준호,유명식,Kim, Hyo-Won,Hwang, Jun-Ho,Yoo, Myung-Sik 한국통신학회 2007 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.32 No.7b

현재 WDM-PON 기술은 FTTH 구축을 위해 가장 핵심적인 가입자망 기술로 인식되고 있다. 하지만 시스템 비용의 많은 부분을 차지하는 광 송수신기 및 RN과 밀접한 관계가 있는 WDM-PON 시스템 자원의 고정적인 관리방법은 비용 대비 시스템 자원 효율성에 한계점을 가지고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 자원의 동적 관리가 가능하면서 이를 위한 시스템의 구축비용 최소화를 이룰 수 있는 WDM-PON 구조를 제안한다. 이를 위해 ONU의 논리그룹화 및 논리그룹 간 파장 공유를 위한 OLT, ONU 그리고 RN의 구조를 설계하고, 이를 기반으로 탄력적인 동적자원 관리를 위한 동적 자원 할당 기법을 제안한다. 이와 같은 WDM-PON 구조의 성능 분석을 위해 모의실험을 수행하였고, 그 결과 논리그룹의 크기와 시스템 구축비용의 상관관계 및 논리그룹 크기와 동적 자원 할당 능력의 상관관계를 도출할 수 있었으며, 자원 관리 기법의 동적 자원 할당 능력과 공평성 유지 능력을 확인할 수 있었다. WDM-PON has been receiving much attention as a key technology to FTTH. As the cost of WDM-PON heavily depends on the number of transceivers implemented at ONU, one of its shortcomings comes from the fixed provision of wavelength resource, which is tightly coupled with costly transceivers. In this paper, we propose a cost-effective WDM-PON architecture for dynamic resource provision. The proposed architecture is based on hierarchical grouping of multiple ONUs into a logical group and hierarchical sharing the resource. For high utilization of dynamic resource, the dynamic resource allocation algorithm is also proposed. We analyze the system efficiency in term of dynamism of system resource and system cost. We also verify that the proposed resource allocation algorithm achieves a high dynamism on resource allocation, and at the same time maintains the fairness between ONUs.

다중이용업소 화재시 대피용 방화복의 개발

김효원,정길순,정래혁,이병곤,Kim,Hyo-Won,Jung,Gil-Soon,Jung,Rae-Hyuck,Lee,Byung-Kon 한국방재학회 2012 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.12 No.3

다중이용업소는 영업상 룸을 설치하게 되어 내부구조가 복잡하고 가연성 실내장식물로 인해 화재 발생 시 연소 확대가 빠르고, 유독가스가 발생되어 인명피해가 크며 진화가 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 다중이용업소 화재에서 착용이 간편하고 경제적인 방화복을 개발하여 인명피해를 감소시키고자 한다. 여러 종류의 섬유에 각종 방염제를 사용하여 방염처리한 후, 45도 방염성능실험, 수직 연소성 실험 등을 실시하여 내화성능이 적합하고 경제적인 방화복 재질을 선정하였다. 선정된 재료로 비교적 단순한 형태의 방화복을 디자인하여 제작하였다. 대피자의 호흡을 돕기 위한 휴대용 산소캔을 부착하여 시험하였다. 화재모델링 프로그램인 FDS를 이용하여 수치 해석하여 인체실험이 곤란한 실험을 수치 해석하였다. 실제화재에 대한 방화복의 내화특성을 실험하기 위하여 화재실험실에서 화재 실험을 시행하였다. 또한, 방화복을 입고 화염이나 연기에 얼마나 오래 견딜 수 있는지를 알아보는 인체 적용 실험도 실시하였다. 실제 화재에 대한 방화복의 내화특성을 실험하여, 화염과 연기에 내구성을 갖는 간편하고 경제적인 방화복을 개발하여, 다중이용업소를 이용하는 불특정 다수인이 화재시 화염이나 연기로부터 대피할 수 있도록 하여 귀중한 생명을 보호한다. Multiplex available premises have many rooms with complicate internal structure and it make difficult to the safe evacuation. The purpose of this study is the development of economic fire proof clothes and supply to multiplex available premises to save the people`s lives. Actual fire experiments in the fire laboratory were conducted to measure the fireproof characteristics of fire proof clothes. Also, fire simulation were performed to predict the temperature and fire damage of the fire proof clothes with the FDS program. As a result, the test persons wear the fire proof clothes can be endured at least 8 minutes in the actual fire experiment, and over 11 minutes in case of using portable oxygen.

뇌성마비 아동의 대동작 수행평가(GMPM)와 아동용 균형척도(PBS) 사이의 상관성 연구

김효원,안소윤,Kim, Hyo-Won,Ahn, So-Youn 대한물리치료과학회 2015 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.22 No.2

Background : This study verified a correlation between gross motor performance measure (GMPM) and pediatric balance scale (PBS) for children, which are most widely used for assessment of children with cerebral palsy. Methods : The study subjects are 20 children aged between five and 13 who were diagnosed with cerebral palsy. Their mean age was $8.15{\pm}2.96years$ and consists of 15 males and 5 females. The subjects were divided into three groups according to muscle tone and motility disorders and then GMPM and PBS were assessed. In the assessment items in the GMPM, alignment, coordination, dissociated movement, stability, and weight shift were measured. The PBS consists of sitting to standing, standing to sitting, moving between chairs, standing without using hands, standing with one foot, turning 360 degrees, turning to look behind, retrieving object from floor, and reaching forward with outstretched arm while standing. A correlation of the collected data was analyzed using SPSS 18.0 for windows. Results : From Significant correlations were shown between items of GMPM and PBS as well as total scores of GMPM and PBS. Among them, coordination and weight transfer in the GMPM items had a high correlation with the PBS. In addition, the higher the GMPM total score was, the higher the PBS score was. Conclusion : This study result showed a significant correlation between GMPM and PBS, and this relation can be used to pediatric physical examination.

플라즈마 아크 오비탈 용접의 경사상진자세에서 이면비드 형성에 관한 연구

김효원,조상명,Kim, Hyo-Won,Cho, Sang-Myung 대한용접접합학회 2009 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.27 No.1

In the circumferential welding of pipe, welding phenomenon changes with the position of pipe. Especially in the overhead position, back bead of vertical-up position would be sunk. To investigate the size of back bead and keyhole with the change of the flow rate of pilot and shield gas at each position, bead-on plate welds were conducted on 6mm thickness SS400 with inclined-up position. When the rest of welding conditions remained constant, the width of back bead was increased as the flow rate of pilot gas was increased. And back bead tended to convex as the flow rate of shield gas was increased.

뱀장어(Anguilla japonica) 자어 먹이로 유기물 분해산물의 활용 가능성

김효원(Hyo-Won Kim),김정현(Jung-Hyun Kim),김명희(Myung-Hee Kim),김광현(Kwang-Hyun Kim),박진철(Jin-Chul Park),박흠기(Heum-Gi Park),한창희(Chang-Hee Han),김대중(Dae-Jung Kim) 한국생명과학회 2018 생명과학회지 Vol.28 No.12

본 연구에서는 BFT (biofloc technology) system 수조로부터 분리된 미생물(Bacillus sp.)을 이용하여 Marine snow와 유사한 유기물 분해산물을 만들어 뱀장어 자어먹이로 활용 가능성을 조사하였다. 유기원으로는 계란, 참다랑어, 뱀장어, 담치, 갯지렁이, 멍게, 바지락 그리고 새우를 이용하여 8 종류의 유기물 분해산물(HE, TM, EM, PC, TA, MS, HA, SP)를 생산했다. 생산된 유기물 분해산물은 특정한 형태는 나타나지 않았으며, 크기도 10-20μm의 미세한 것부터 100 μm 이상 되는 것까지 다양하였다. 부화 후 20일부터 다양한 유기물 분해산물을 이용하여 제조한 4 종류의 먹이(A, B, C, D-type)를 급이한 결과 A, B, C-type의 먹이를 급이한 뱀장어 유생은 각각 부화후 37일, 39일, 37일까지 생존하였으나, D-type의 먹이를 급히한 뱀장어 유생은 부화 후 60일 동안 생존하였다. 각 먹이의 단백질 함량은 비슷하였지만, D-type 먹이의 n-3 HUFA 농도는 다른 type의 n-3 HUFA 농도보다 약 2배 높았다. We prepared flocculated detritus-like organic marine snow originating from various organisms by fermentation using microorganisms; this fermented organic material was fed to the leptocephali of the eel (Anguilla japonica) to investigate whether or not such organic matter was an appropriate food source for the larvae. A strain was isolated from a biofloc technology system used to culture fish, and seven types of organic material from hen’s egg, eel muscle, tuna muscle, lugworm, shrimp, manila clam, mussel, and sea squirt were fermented using isolated bacteria (Bacillus sp.). The fermented matter did not show any specific form and was larger than 10-20 μm but no more than 100 μm in size. Four diets (A-D) were prepared using the various fermented products, and the larvae were fed the prepared food from 20 days after hatching. The leptocephali fed the A, B, and C diets survived until 37, 39, and 37 days after hatching, respectively. However, the leptocephali fed the D diet survived for 60 days after hatching. The protein content of each diet was very similar, but the n-3 HUFA concentration in the D diet was approximately twice as high as that of the others.

주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 한국형 치료 권고안 개정안(Ⅲ)

김효원(Hyo-Won Kim),김은주(Eunjoo Kim),김지훈(Ji-Hoon Kim),박장호(Jangho Park),반건호(Geon Ho Bahn),이연정(Yeon Jung Lee),정경운(Kyungun Jhung),신동원(Dongwon Shin) 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2017 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.28 No.2

The objective of this review is the revision of the Korean practice parameters for the pharmacological treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) based on the change in the diagnostic system from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5 and psychopharmacological developments. For the evidence-based approach, the authors conducted a review of the literature, including controlled clinical trials, studies of the side effects of drugs, toxicology and meta-analyses from the United States and Europe, as well as recent research conducted in Korea. The review committee composed of Korean experts on ADHD reviewed the revised parameters. This revised version reveals how to use central nervous system psychostimulants, non-stimulants such as atomoxetine and alpha2 agonists, and other medication for ADHD, and how to manage the adverse effects of such medication. At the end of this revised version, the authors propose recommendations for the pharmacotherapy of ADHD.

hCG 농도 및 투여 간격에 따른 양식산 수컷 뱀장어(Anguilla japonica)의 성성숙유도 효과

김효원(Hyo-Won KIM),김정현(Jung-Hyun KIM),김대근(Dae-Guen KIM),정민환(Min-Hwan JUNG),지승철(Seung-Cheol JI),양상근(Sang-Geun YANG),안철민(Chul-Min AHN),명정인(Jeong-In MYOUNG),김대중(Dae-Jung KIM) 한국수산해양교육학회 2018 水産海洋敎育硏究 Vol.30 No.5

난치성 편측 흉수와 불응성 혈소판 감소증으로 나타난 흉강 내 혈관내피종 1예

김효원 ( Hyo Won Kim ),최윤정 ( Yun Jung Choi ),홍경택 ( Kyung Taek Hong ),강형진 ( Hyoung Jin Kang ),박경덕 ( Kyung Duk Park ),김세희 ( Sehui Kim ),최영훈 ( Young Hoon Choi ),김우선 ( Woo-sun Kim ),서동인 ( Dong In Suh ) 대한천식알레르기학회(구 대한알레르기학회) 2016 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.4 No.6

A variety of diseases are associated with the development of unilateral pleural effusion. Although unilateral pleural effusion is common, refractory unilateral pleural effusion is rare. It is important to make an accurate diagnosis using proper diagnostic tools. Thrombocytopenia is one of the rare conditions occurring from various diseases such as severe infection or autoimmune diseases. It can be life-threatening if accurate diagnosis and treatment are delayed and be a clue to accurate diagnosis in differential diagnosis from refractory pleural effusion. Kasabach-Merrit syndrome (KMS) is often accompanied by extensive vascular tumors and characterized by consumptive coagulopathy with profound thrombocytopenia. It is also important to have a high index of suspicion for the diagnosis. We report a case of KMS in a 2-month-old female infant with a vascular tumor on her left intrathoracic cage, who had presented refractory unilateral pleural effusion and thrombocytopenia. Initially, the patient was diagnosed as having complications of severe infection, and a chest tube was inserted for aggressive treatment. However, her unilateral pleural effusion persisted, and thrombocytopenia and hypofibrinogenemia were refractory. Chest imaging revealed an infiltrating large vascular tumor involving the cardiac border, diaphragm, and chest wall. The patient`s unilateral pleural effusion was misidentified as an infectious condition at the initial stage. As a result of the ultrasonography-guided biopsy, it was revealed to be Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma. The patient was cured after treatment for KMS. (Allergy Asthma Respir Dis 2016:4:453-457)