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오오카 쇼헤이(大岡昇平)의 『레이테 전기(レイテ戦記)』론 ─ 전쟁책임의 주체와 대상의 애매화를 중심으로 ─
김효순 한국일본학회 2008 日本學報 Vol.74 No.-
大岡のレイテ戦闘への認識は、敗戦認識に基づいた被害者としてのイメージが拡大再生産されていた、戦後 高度経済成長期の日本社会に、自分達の歴史を外部の眼差しで相対化して視る認識の地平を開いたという点で は高く評価すべきである。しかし、この作品の執筆のきっかけはレイテ戦闘で名もなく死んだ兵士の名誉を回復 し、その霊を慰めることであり、結果的に戦争への反省というよりは、アメリカの資本主義と結ばれたアメリカの軍 部にその責任を問っていることが確認できた。これは執筆当時の、アメリカの資本主義に無気力に支配されていた 日本の現実への憂いから来たもので、その中で日本兵士のフィリピン人への加害者としてのイメージは隠蔽され、 日本軍部と天皇、それから米軍部の被害者として表象されていることが明らかになった。さらにそのような論理は 1990年末以後の日本の新保守主義の論理的根據となっていることも確かめられた。 ここで確認しなければならないのは、大岡の主張しているように、日本兵士の参戦理由が必ずしも強制的だっ たかということである。彼らは個人的に戦争に勝利した時の利益を期待したのではないか、果たして彼らに天皇と 軍部の戦争の名目に批判的認識はあったか、自分達がフィリピン人に与えた被害への責任意識はあったか、と いった問題に対して、大岡は何も述べていない。勿論、兵士個人の戦争責任はエピローグで言及されてはいる が、それは漠然とした数字の表現に過ぎない。日本兵士のフィリピン人へ加害の具体例は、たった一回紹介され ているが、それはどこまでも敗戦に傾いていく戦況で限界状況に処した人間が日常の判断力を喪失した状態で冒 したこととして解明されている。天皇と軍部の戦争責任の問題も、戦況の誤判によって無理に戦争を敢行したこと に対したもので、戦争そのものへの批判は曖昧な状態で放置するか、スペイン、アメリカなど、帝国主義の一般 的な属性として普遍化する。フィリピンの解放という戦争の名分に対してはアジアと区別し、日本とフィリピンはとも にアメリカの資本主義の被害者という点では他のアジア民族と日本を同一視する矛盾を露呈している。
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김효순 한국정보기술전략혁신학회 1999 情報學硏究 Vol.2 No.2
Only service organizations providing service quality above customers' anticipations have survived and developed in hyper competitive environment. These organizations are more dependent on their customer-contact service employees than those providing tangible products, because of the characteristics of service, intangibility, inseparability, heterogeneity, and perishability. But few researches focused on the efficient managements or controls of service organizations in this context. Therefore, author aimed at understanding of the determinants of service organizations' control system(i.e., characteristics of service), service employees' reaction on control types(i.e., service employees' role stress), and their performance(perceived service quality by customers). First the concepts of service quality and control systems are described. Specially, author explained the differences between service quality and service satisfaction or service attitude, and the control system types and their fundamental ideologies. Second, some propositions are provided according to integrated framework developed in this paper: (1)control types according to the characteristics of service, (2)influences of control systems on employees' reactions and (3)perceives service quality by the customers, and (4)relationships between the reactions and the service quality. This paper concludes with a summary, a discussion of theoretical and managerial implications, and several suggestions for future directions.
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김효순 경희대학교 체육대학 한국체육과학연구소 2002 體育學論文集 Vol.30 No.-
The purpose of this to Breach of Contract of Present Conditions Designation of intangible Cultural Property. Korean culture now danger losing its identity. Tradition has types of relationship with the society. When a society undergoes a rapid change in all aspects, its compatibility with culture may possibly be lost or weakened. that is, relationship between society and culture will be in crisis.
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金孝順 한국일본언어문화학회 2020 일본언어문화 Vol.53 No.-
“Suspicion” by Ryunosuke Akutagawa deals with the ethical agony of being confronted with human selfishness emerging from the gaps in the moral system caused by a major disaster, along with the guilt, anxiety, and fear associated with it. The protagonist, who is a practical ethicist, listens helplessly to the story of Gendo, which reminds him of pitiful weakness in human nature. Gendo’s story leads the protagonist to feel sympathy, as he believes that such selfishness, or the “monster” in the subconscious of humans transcends ethical or moral judgement. “Suspicion” can thus be viewed as an attempt to grasp the essence of human nature that is more fundamental than morality, as manifested in the traumatic memories of Gendo. Consistent with the definition of disaster literature, “Suspision” attempts to offer solace and heal the trauma caused by a disaster by recognizing and verbalizing certain aspects of human nature that are beyond ethical judgement. This view allows for a new interpretation of “Suspicion” as disaster literature inspired by the Great Nobi Earthquake.
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