노인 인구에서 흡연과 대장암 발생 위험간의 관련성

김화정,이승미,최남경,김선하,송홍지,조용균,박병주,Kim, Hwa-Jung,Lee, Seung-Mi,Choi, Nam-Kyong,Kim, Seon-Ha,Song, Hong-Ji,Cho, Young-Kyun,Park, Byung-Joo 대한예방의학회 2006 예방의학회지 Vol.39 No.2

Objectives : The incidence of colorectal cancer increased greatly among the elderly in Korea, but the relationship between smoking and colon cancer remains controversial. Few studies have targeted Asian elderly people. We analyzed the smoking status, the amount smoked, and the smoking duration as risk factors of colorectal cancer to determine their association and causality. Methods: The cohort members (n=14, 103) consisted of 4,694 males and 9,409 females, and they were derived from the Korea Elderly Phamacepidemilogic Cohort (KEPEC), which was a population-based dynamic cohort. They were aged 65 years or more and they lived in Busan Metropolitan City between from 1993-1998; they were beneficiaries of the Korean Medical Insurance Corporation (KMIC). The baseline information was surveyed by a self-administered mailed questionnaire; after 8.7 person-years of mean follow up period, 100 cases of colorectal cancer occurred. The adjusted relative ratio (aRR) of smoking status, the smoking amount and the smoking duration were calculated from the Cox's proportional hazard model with the never-smokers as a reference group and the Cox model controlled for age, gender, precancerous lesions of CRC, medication history of NSAIDs & antibiotics, the alcohol drinking status and BMI. Results : Compared with the never smokers, the aRRs were 2.03 (95% CI=1.02-4.03) and 1.36 (95% CI=0.80-2.32) for the ex-smokers and current smokers, respectively. Statistical significant trends were not observed for the dose-relationship among the elderly, either for the mean daily amount smoked (p for trend=0.28) or for the total amount (p for trend=0.15). Still, the aRRs were 1.51 (95% CI=0.97-2.34) for the elderly who smoked less than 40 years and 2.35 (95% CI=1.16-4.74) for the elderly who had 40 years or more of smoking (p for trend=0.06). Smokers who started smoking before the age 20 had an increased aRR of 2.15 (95% CI=1.17-3.93) compared to the never smokers. Conclusions : After controlling for age, gender, precancerous lesion of CRC, medication history of NSAIDs & antibiotics, the alcohol drinking status and BMI, smoking increases the risk of colorectal cancer among elderly people. The age when starting smoking is also important.

의무기록의 다각적 활용을 통한 충실도 높은 병원 암등록 체계의 구축: 서울아산병원의 경험

김화정,조진희,유용만,이선혜,황경하,이무송,Kim, Hwa-Jung,Cho, Jin-Hee,Lyu, Yong-Man,Lee, Sun-Hye,Hwang, Kyeong-Ha,Lee, Moo-Song 대한예방의학회 2010 예방의학회지 Vol.43 No.3

Objectives: An accurate estimation of cancer patients is the basis of epidemiological studies and health services. However in Korea, cancer patients visiting out-patient clinics are usually ruled out of such studies and so these studies are suspected of underestimating the cancer patient population. The purpose of this study is to construct a more complete, hospital-based cancer patient registry using multiple sources of medical information. Methods: We constructed a cancer patient detection algorithm using records from various sources that were obtained from both the in-patients and out-patients seen at Asan Medical Center (AMC) for any reason. The medical data from the potentially incident cancer patients was reviewed four months after first being detected by the algorithm to determine whether these patients actually did or did not have cancer. Results: Besides the traditional practice of reviewing the charts of in-patients upon their discharge, five more sources of information were added for this algorithm, i.e., pathology reports, the national severe disease registry, the reason for treatment, prescriptions of chemotherapeutic agents and radiation therapy reports. The constructed algorithm was observed to have a PPV of 87.04%. Compared to the results of traditional practice, 36.8% of registry failures were avoided using the AMC algorithm. Conclusions: To minimize loss in the cancer registry, various data sources should be utilized, and the AMC algorithm can be a successful model for this. Further research will be required in order to apply novel and innovative technology to the electronic medical records system in order to generate new signals from data that has not been previously used.

한국에서(가칭) 긴꼬리도둑갈매기(Stercorarius longicaudus)와 검은슴새(Bulweria bulwerii)의 첫 기록

김화정(Hwa-Jung Kim),강창완(Chang-Wan Kang),강희만(Hee-Man Kang),지남준(Nam-Joon Ji),김은미(Eun-Mi Kim),김진한(Jin-Han Kim) 한국조류학회II 2011 한국조류학회지 Vol.18 No.1

2010년 6월 13일에 제주특별자치도 서귀포시 대정읍 마라도 인근 해상에서 긴꼬리도둑갈매기(Stercorarius longicaudus) 1개체와 2010년 7월 28일에 제주특별자치도 제주시 조천읍 함덕리에서 검은슴새(Bulweria bulwerii) 1개체가 확인되었다. 두 종 모두 한국에서의 첫 기록이다. A Long-tailed Skua (Stercorarius longicaudus) was observed in the sea near Marado Island, south of Jeju-do on 13 June 2010 and a Bulwer’s Petrel (Bulweria bulwerii) was found at Hamdeok-ri, Jocheon-eup, Jeju-do on 28 July 2010. Two species are the first record in Korea.

연구 대상수 산출

김화정 ( Hwa Jung Kim ) 대한간학회 2018 임상연구방법론워크숍 Vol.2018 No.1

청소년의 비자살적 자해와 수치심경향성, 죄책감경향성의 관계

김화정(Hwa-Jung Kim),송현주(Hyun Joo Song) 한국심리치료학회 2019 한국심리치료학회지 Vol.11 No.1

자해는 자살에 선행하는 주요한 원인 중 하나로, 개인에서 여러 가지 부정적인 결과들을 초래한다. 그리고 이러한 자해행동은 임상군 뿐만 아니라 임상적 문제를 가지지 않은 삶의 기능이 높은 개인에게도 나타난다. 이에 본 연구에서는 중, 고등학생을 대상으로 비자살적 자해 경험과 수치심경향성, 죄책감경향성 간의 관계를 살펴보려고 한다. 연구도구는 자해기능평가지(The Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation), 자의식적 정서 척도(Test of Self-Conscious Affect-adolescent)를 사용하였다. 그 결과, 수치심경향성과 죄책감경향성은 비자살적 자해 행동을 유의하게 예측하였다. 또한 중등도/중증도 수준의 자해는 죄책감경향성과 유의미한 부적 상관을 보였고, 경도수준의 자해는 수치심경향성과 유의미한 정적 상관을 보였다. 중등도/중증도 수준의 자해 집단과 경도 수준의 자해 집단 간 수치심경향성과 죄책감경향성에서 유의미한 차이는 없었으나, 중등도/중증도 수준의 자해 집단이 경도수준의 자해 집단에 비해 죄책감경향성 점수가 다소 낮은 경향성이 있었다. 즉, 본 연구에서는 중등도/중증도 자해에 개입을 할 때 죄책감경향성을 고려해야 함을 확인할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 본 연구가 갖는 의의와 제한점, 향후 연구를 위한 제언점 등을 논의하였다. Self-injury is one of the leading causes of suicide, it is known to cause several negative consequences in individuals. Self-injurious behavior even occurs in high-functioning individuals who do not have clinical problems. In this study, 994 middle and high school students having experiences in non-suicidal self-injury were surveyed to find out the relationship among shame proneness, guilt proneness, frequency and severity of nonsuicidal self-injury. The Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilization and the Test of Self-Concern Affect-adolescent were used for the research tools. The result shows shame proneness and guilt proneness predicted non-suicidal self-injury, moderate/severe level of non-suicidal self-injury showed a negative correlation with guilt proneness, and nonsuicidal self-injury of mild level showed a significant positive correlation with shame proneness. In addition, there was no significant difference in guilt proneness and shame proneness between the moderate/severity level and mild level non-suicidal self-injury group, but the moderate/severe non-suicidal self-injury group showed a tendency to have a lower guilt proneness score compared to the other group. In other words, this study confirmed that should also considered account guilt proneness when intervening in the non-suicidal self-injury group at the moderate/severe level. At the end, the significance and limitations of this study were discussed, and suggestions for future research were included.

알루미늄 용탕에서 Al-TiO2-C의 연소합성반응에 의한 in-situ Al/TiC 복합재료의 제조에 미치는 공정변수의 영향

김화정 ( Hwa Jung Kim ),이정무 ( Jung Moo Lee ),조영희 ( Young Hee Cho ),김종진 ( Jong Jin Kim ),김수현 ( Su Hyeon Kim ),이재철 ( Jae Chul Lee ) 대한금속재료학회(구 대한금속학회) 2012 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.50 No.9

A feasible way to fabricate in-situ Al/TiC composites was investigated. An elemental mixture of Al-TiO2-C pellet was directly added into an Al melt at 800-920℃ to form TiC by self-combustion reaction. The addition of CuO initiates the self-combustion reaction to form TiC in 1-2 ㎛at the melt temperature above 850℃. Besides the CuO addition, a diluent element of excess Al plays a significant role in the TiC formation by forming a precursor phase, Al3Ti. Processing parameters such as CuO content, the amount of excess Al and the melt temperature, have affected the combustion reaction and formation of TiC, and their influences on the microstructures of in-situ Al/TiC composites are examined.

통합학급 교사의 자질과 역할 기대에 대한 특수교사와 일반교사의 인식 비교

김화정 ( Hwa Jung Kim ),장종수 ( Jong Soo Jang ),최용재 ( Yong Jae Choi ) 한국초등특수교육학회 2012 초등특수교육연구 Vol.14 No.1

본 연구는 특수교사와 일반교사의 통합학급 교사 자질과 역할 기대에 대한 인식을 알아보고, 특수교사와 일반교사가 인식하는 통합학급 교사의 자질과 역할 기대는 어떤 관계가 있는지를 구체적으로 알아보기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 시 도의 특수학급이 설치되어 있는 유 초 중 고등학교에 설문지를 배부 회수하여 조사해서 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 특수교사와 일반교사는 통합학급 교사가 갖추어야 할 자질요인에 대해 일반 교사 중 교직경력이 11년 이상인 교사가 인성적 특성을 가장 높게 인식하고 있으며 대학원 졸업인 특수교사의 자질영역 중요도 인식 수준이 대학졸업 및 일반교사들 보다 높다. 자질요인의 4개 하위 영역에 대한 특수교사와 일반교사의 인식에서는 특수교육에 관한 지식과 교양 및 교직에 대한 태도에서 일반교사가 특수교사보다 높다. 둘째, 특수교사와 일반교사의 성별, 학교급, 교직경력, 통합교육 직무연수 경험에 따른 통합학급 교사의 역할 기대 수준은 비슷하지만 대학원 졸업인 특수교사가 특수교사의 경우 물리 사회적 환경 조성과 통합교육 기술, 교수 내용 및 방법, 평가 방법의 수정에 대한 기대 수준이 높다. 셋째, 특수교사와 일반교사가 인식하고 있는 통합학급 교사가 갖추어야 할 자질 하위요소(인성적 특성, 특수교육에 관한 지식, 통합교육에 관한 지식 및 특성, 교양 및 교직에 대한 태도)들은 역할기대의 하위 영역(물리 사회적 환경조성, 통합교육 기술, 교수내용 및 방법, 평가방법의 수정, 교사간 협력)들과 많은 영역에서 의미 있는 영향을 끼친다. This study aims to comprehend the perception of the special education teachers and general education teachers about the quality and role expectations which the inclusive classroom teacher should prepare in order to support the role as a member of the society where the disabled should live together with non-disabled and in order to prepare the qualitative life for the disabled through the various supports depending on the special educational needs of the disabled children, and the study also aims to contribute to improve the special education ultimately by developing their performing role in the education system of the schools for the realization of the responsible and efficient inclusive education realization. The results of this study are as follows. First, about the special education teachers and the general education teachers, the teachers with more than 11 years of teaching experience perceived highest personality traits about the quality factors which the inclusive classroom teacher should prepare among the regular teachers, and the importance perception level of quality domain of the special education teachers graduated from graduate school was higher than the teachers graduated from the University and the general education teachers. Second, the inclusive classroom teacher`s role expectations level by the gender, school level, teaching experience, inclusive education job training experience of the special education teachers and the general education teachers were similar but in the case of the special education teachers graduated from graduate school, the expectations level about the physical and social environmental composition, inclusive education skill, teaching information and method, revision of evaluation methods was high. Third, the quality sub- elements(personality traits, knowledge about special education, knowledge about inclusive education and attributes, attitude to refinement & teaching profession) which the inclusive classroom teacher should prepare perceived by the special education teachers and the general education teachers had significant effects on the sub-domain(physical and social environmental composition, inclusive education skill, teaching information and method, revision of evaluation methods, cooperation between the teachers) of the role expectation and many domains.

저비용항공사의 내부마케팅이 항공승무원의 직무만족과 조직몰입 및 고객지향성에 미치는 영향

김화정(Hwa-Jung Kim),임근욱(Keun-Uk Lim) 한국관광연구학회 2018 관광연구저널 Vol.32 No.8

First Record of a Specimen of the Tufted Puffin Fratercula cirrhata from Korea

Hwa-Jung Kim(김화정),Wee-Haeng Hur(허위행),Shumpei Kitamura,Jin-Han Kim(김진한) 한국조류학회II 2010 한국조류학회지 Vol.17 No.4

일본 효고현 사람과 자연의 박물관에서 지금까지 한국에 기록이 없던 종인 댕기바다오리 (가칭) Fratercula cirrhata의 표본 1점을 확인하였다. 이 표본의 도쿄농업대학 라벨에는 1933년 8월 2일자 함경북도 경흥군 두만강이라고 표기되어 있다. The Tufted Puffin Fratercula cirrhata is newly recorded on the basis of a specimen from Korea in the Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyogo in Japan. This specimen was collected from Dumangang, Gyeongheung-gun, Hamgyeongbukdo on 2 August 1933.

기후요인에 의한 철원지역 두루미류 월동개체수 변화 -MODIS 위성영상을 이용한 눈덮임 범위와 지속기간의 영향-

유승화 ( Seung Hwa Yoo ),이기섭 ( Ki Sup Lee ),정화영 ( Hwa Young Jung ),김화정 ( Hwa Jung Kim ),허위행 ( Wee Haeng Hur ),김진한 ( Jin Han Kim ),박종화 ( Chong Hwa Park ) 한국하천호수학회(구 한국육수학회) 2015 생태와 환경 Vol.48 No.3

In this study, we hypothesized that the size of wintering crane population would change due to the climate factors. We assumed that wintering population size would differ by climate values in January, which is the coldest period in year. Especially, White-naped cranes were able to choose wintering site between Cheorwon and other alternative place where snow coverage had low influence, differing from Red crowned cranes. For this reason, we predicted the population size of White-naped cranes would fluctuate according to the extent of snow coverage in Cheorwon. Therefore we used snow coverage data based on MODIS and climate data from KMA (Korea Meteorological Administration) that are generally used. We analyzed the crane``s population size in Cheorwon in January from 2002 to 2014. The temperature in the Cheorwon increased from 2002 to wintering period in 2007~ 2008 and went down, showing the lowest temperature in 2011~ 2012. With this phenomenon, warmth index showed the similar pattern with temperature. Amount of newly accumulated snow (the amount of snow that fallen from 0:01 am to 11:29 pm in a day) was low after 2002, but rapidly increased in 2010~ 2011 and 2011~ 2012. The area of snow coverage rapidly declined from 2002 to 2005~ 2006 but suddenly expanded in wintering period in 2009~ 2010 and 2010~ 2011. Wintering population size of the White-naped cranes decreased as snow coverage area increased in January and the highest correlation was found between them, compared to the other climatic factors. However, the number of individuals of Red crowned cranes had little relationship with general climate factors including snow cover range. Therefore it seems that population size of the Red crowned crane varied by factors related with habitat selection such as secure roosting site and area of foraging place, not by climatic factors. In multiple regression analysis, wintering population of White-naped cranes showed significant relationship with logarithmic value of snow cover range and its period. Therefore, it suggests that the population size of the White-naped crane was affected by snow cover range n wintering period and this was because it was hard for them to find out rice grains which are their main food items, buried in snow cover. The population size variation in White-naped cranes was caused by some individuals which left Cheorwon for Izumi where snow cover had little influence on them. The wintering population in Izumi and Cheorwon had negative correlation, implying they were mutually related.