전망이론 측면에서 본 푸에블로호사건과 북한의 정책선택

김창규(Kim, Chang-kyu) 국방부 군사편찬연구소 2018 군사 Vol.- No.106

This study is the analysis based on Prospect Theory for the North Korea’s mechanism of policy choices on the USS Pueblo Incident happened in 1968. The Kim’s reference points at the time of the USS Pueblo incident are externally to protect North Korea’s sovereignty, to strengthen the alliance with the U.S.S.R. and China in addition to maintaining the autonomy for national security, internally to consolidate the Kim’s autocratic power and to reinforce the revolutional power against the South Korea The USS Pueblo incident can be divided into two stages. The first stage is to seize of the USS Pueblo and the first response stage of the U.S.A. and North Korea. (from Jan. 16 to Feb. 1) At this stage, Kim estimated that the U.S.A. would not drive the situations to war because of her domestic and international political difficulties. In early January 1968, North Korea faced the difficult political situations due to her contradictory relationships with U.S.S.R. and China, the increase of consciousness to be encircled because of the establishment of the diplomatic relationship between South Korea and Japan, and the failure of the raid on Blue House by the North Korea’s guerrillas. In these situations, the information collection of the USS Pueblo on North Korea was a threat against North Korea’s security and a violation of North Korea’s sovereignty, and it was also a challenge against Kim. So Kim perceived the situations were in loss-domain on the basis of his 4 reference points and chose the risk-taking collision policy to seize of the USS Pueblo and to deny negotiation. The second stage is the negotiations between the U.S.A. and North Korea. (from Feb. 2 to Dec. 23). As all efforts were failed, the leadership of the U.S.A. could not help stopping the armed demonstration and sitting down on the table for the individual negotiations with North Korea. As the negotiations had been going on, the U.S.A. had somewhat conceded ‘3A’(Admit, Apologize, Assure) and North Korea could get the result to be admitted the North Korea’s sovereignty by the U.S.A. Kim had got the result to strengthen the alliance with the U.S.S.R. and to acquire her additional economical and military support, to improve the relationship with China, to enhance his internal & external prestige, to support the North Vietnam indirectly and to succeed in resulting in conflict between Korea and the U.S.A. These situations almost satisfied Kim’s 4 reference points. So Kim perceived the situations as gain-domain and decided to choose the risk-avoiding selection to conclude the negotiations. This study shows the effectiveness of Prospect Theory. It will be the short cut to grasp the reference points of North Korea’s leadership and the mechanism of policy choice and to cut or change its links in order to prevent and oppose the continuing North Korea’s provocation effectively. This study expects to contribute to this.

버킷인덱스와 블룸필터를 이용한 범위형 의료정보 암호화기법

김창규,김정태,유천영,김지홍,Kim, Chang-Kyu,Kim, Jung-Tae,Yu, Choun-Young,Kim, Ji-Hong 한국정보통신학회 2011 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.15 No.2

Recently, there are some social issues that personal sensitive data in database were let out. The best method to protect these personal sensitive data is used by the database encryption method. But the encrypting database makes the query difficult. So, there are a lot of study to protect the database and increase the query efficiency as well. In this paper, we analysed recent research trend to protect the sensitive data and propose the combined method using buckets and the bloom filter for the medical database with range property. Compared to bucket index model, the proposed method can increase bucket index value and protect data distribution exposure. We can estimate that this proposed method can improve searching time and efficiency. 최근 데이터베이스내의 개인정보의 유출이 사회적으로 이슈가 되고 있다. 개인의 민감한 정보를 보호하기 위한 최선의 방법은 데이터 암호화이다. 그러나 데이터를 암호화하면 질의어 처리가 어렵게 된다. 그러므로 데이터베이스를 보호하고 질의어 처리를 효율적으로 하기 위한 많은 방법들이 제안되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 연구에 대한 방법을 분석하고, 의료정보 데이터베이스내의 범위특성을 가진 데이터를 암호화하기 위한 방안으로서 버킷 방식과 블룸필터 방식을 이용한 복합적인 방법을 제안하였다. 버킷방식만을 적용한 경우에 비하여 본 논문에서 제안한 버킷방식과 블룸필터방식을 융합하여 적용한 경우에는 버킷의 개수를 늘일 수 있고, 이에 따른 사용자 데이터의 분포 노출을 방지할 수 있으며, 결과적으로 검색속도를 높일 수 있음을 알 수 있다.

Cu²⁺, Al³⁺, Zn²⁺이 활성슬러지에 미치는 저해영향 평가

김창규,김요용,박익범,송진호,남우경,한송희,김복준,오조교,Kim, Chang-Gyu,Kim, Yo-Yong,Park, Ik-Beom,Song, Jin-Ho,Nam, Woo-Kyong,Han, Song-Hee,Kim, Bok-Jun,Oh, Jo-Gyo 한국물환경학회 2015 한국물환경학회지 Vol.31 No.2

In this study, the inhibitory effect of toxic metals was investigated on the activated sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant. The allowable concentration of toxic metals was also estimated for the stable operation of the biological treatment process. The single and mixture toxicity of $Cu^{2+}$, $Al^{3+}$ and $Zn^{2+}$ were evaluated for the activated sludge microorganisms. As a result, nitrifying microorganisms were more susceptible than heterotrophic microorganisms. $IC_{10}$ (Inhibition Concentration of 10%) of $Cu^{2+}$, $Al^{3+}$ and $Zn^{2+}$ for the nitrifying microorganisms was 3 mg/L, 7 mg/L and 25 mg/L, respectively. The mixture toxicity showed three times more sensitive than the single toxicity. The concentrations of $Cu^{2+}$, $Al^{3+}$ and $Zn^{2+}$ to minimize the inhibitory effect on organic matter removal and nitrification in batch experiments were found to be 1.3 mg/L, 2.5 mg/L and 6.3 mg/L.

난경중 (難經中) 장부생리편에 (臟腑生理篇) 관한 연구 (1)

김창규,김용진(Yong Jin Kim),윤창열(Chang Yeol Yoon) 대한한의학원전학회 1994 대한한의학원전학회지 Vol.8 No.-

N/A

Erythropoietin 의 in vitro 분석방법에 관한 연구

김창규,정구헌,이광무,곽효성,양호석,서정선 ( Chang Kyu Kim,Koo Hun Chung,Kwang Moo Lee,Hyo Sung Kwak,Ho Suk Yang,Jung Sun Seo ) 생화학분자생물학회 1991 BMB Reports Vol.24 No.1

We described the method that provides simple, specific, sensitive and precise erythropoietin(EPO) assay. Experiment dealing with the various parameters involved in the procedure was described. The microassay that utilizes spleen cells from phenylhydrazine treated mice as the responder population and ³H-thymidine incorporation as the endpoints was established. Under the our condition used, EPO levels from 20 mU/well down to as little as 0.3 mU/well can be accurately measured with a corresponding variation in counts of 50 fold. This assay takes 28h and requires only very small(10 ㎕) samples for evaluation. The results obtained from the assay of urine samples were in good agreement with the values derived by R·I·A (r=0.86).

자궁내장치와 병발된 만성골반염 및 자연분만 1 예

김창규,탁춘근,이윤호,Kim, Chang-Kyu,Tak, Choon-Keun,Lee, Yoon-Ho 대한생식의학회 1984 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.11 No.1

A nornal pregnancy with IUD in situ, which is extremely rare case, is reported with the brief reviews of literatures. And assoc i at i on between intrauterine device and pelvic inflammatory disease is also rported.

오스템퍼드 구상흑연주철의 파괴특성에 미치는 기지조직의 영향

김창규,최창옥 ( Chang Gyu Kim,Chang Ock Choi ) 한국주조공학회 1991 한국주조공학회지 Vol.11 No.3

The Effects of the matrix structures and the amount of the retained austenite in austempered ductile iron(ADI) which contains Ni, Cu and Mo on fracture characteristics were inverstigated. The structures were changed from lower bainite to mixture of Lower and upper bainite, and then to upper bainite as austempering temperature increased. A higher austempering temperature yielded lower tensile strength and hardness, but higher impact valve and K_(IC) . In addition, the amount of the retained austenite increased with the austempering temperatures. Fracture surface showed a fibrous pattern and a dimple pattern with increasing the retained austenite amount.

과학의 향기-현대판 '페이스오프' 재건성형

김창규,Kim, Chang-Gyu 대한결핵협회 2007 보건세계 Vol.55 No.12

다중소스 진공증착법에서의 대면적 박막균일도에 관한 전산모사 연구

김창규,이원종,Kim, Chang-Gyu,Lee, Won-Jong 한국재료학회 2011 한국재료학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Multi-source evaporation is one of the methods to improve the thickness uniformity of thin films deposited by evaporation. In this study, a simulator for the relative thickness profile of a thin film deposited by a multi-source evaporation system was developed. Using this simulator, the relative thickness profiles of the evaporated thin films were simulated under various conditions, such as the number and arrangements of sources and source-to-substrate distance. The optimum conditions, in which the thickness uniformity is minimized, and the corresponding efficiency, were obtained. The substrate was a 5th generation substrate (dimensions of 1300 mm ${\times}$ 1100 mm). The number of sources and source-to-substrate distance were varied from 1 to 6 and 0 to the length of the major axis of the substrate (1300 mm), respectively. When the source plane, the area on which sources can be located, is limited to the substrate dimension, the minimum thickness uniformity, obtained when the number of sources is 6, was 3.3%; the corresponding efficiency was 16.6%. When the dimension of the source plane is enlarged two times, the thickness uniformity is remarkably improved while the efficiency is decreased. The minimum thickness uniformity, obtained when the number of sources is 6, was 0.5%; the corresponding efficiency was decreased to 9.1%. The expansion of the source plane brings about not only the improvement of the thickness uniformity, but also a decrement of the efficiency and an enlargement of equipment.

액상/기상중 전기선 폭발법을 이용한 은 나노유체의 제조 및 특성평가에 관한 연구

김창규,이경자,이창규,Kim, Chang-Kyu,Lee, Gyoung-Ja,Rhee, Chang-Kyu 한국재료학회 2009 한국재료학회지 Vol.19 No.9

The silver nanofluids were synthesized by the pulsed wire evaporation (PWE) method in a liquid-gas mixture. The size and microstructure of nanoparticles in the deionized water were investigated by a particle size analyzer (PSA), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Also, the synthesized nanofluids were investigated in order to assess the stability of dispersion of nanofluid by the zetapotential analyzer and dispersion stability analyzer. The results showed that the spherical silver nanoparticle formed in the deionized water and mean particle size was about 50 nm. Also, when explosion times were in the range of 20$\sim$200 times, the absolute value of zeta potential was less than -27 mV and the dispersion stability characteristic of low concentration silver nanofluid was better than the high concentration silver nanofluid by turbiscan.