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        예술경영(Art Management)과 공공성(Publicness)

        김진엽 한국기초조형학회 2016 기초조형학연구 Vol.17 No.6

        'Publicness' refers to a communal relationship that results from distinguishing private from public. The history of publicness is associated with establishment of country, but major discussion on it started with the appearance of modern civil society. Such a concept is difficult to be defined in one form and conceived differently according to the historical circumstances. It is also difficult to form a uniform opinion among scholars. With the recent emerging different view on new-liberal policy in most countries including Korea, the discussion of publicness has flourished again. In art management, the discussion of publicness is associated with art protection and cultural welfare. Art management introduced the way of business administration seeking profits into operation into cultural art institutions and organizations. However, with the recent economic recession, they had difficulty in operating them and it became intransparent to secure finances. This is why they introduced the concept of business management for rationalization of management and profit creation. However, art management focuses largely on pure art performance, exhibition, and support for artist that are difficult to create profits. The basis of business management should be the concept of 'publicness' that can be sympathized with the majority of people rather than creating too much profits, and based on this, rationalized management should be established. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the concept and history of publicness and its major elements to identify the relationship between art and publicness that appear in art management, the characteristics of art works as public goods, and the publicness that art management must pursue. Recently, as the concepts of democratization of Culture and cultural democracy have become a major task of cultural policy, arts management also emphasizes the role of publicity in the framework of more comprehensive cultural policy rather than the problem of profitability and artistry. Therefore, in the early stage of Korean art management, the role of publicity to be applied in the field is emphasized in addition to the concept of publicity in the West. Therefore, we review the major concepts and future developmental issues of publicity, which are applied in the field, centered on the operating programs of Sejong Cultural Center and Seongnam Art Center. ‘공공성’(publicness)의 문제는 공과 사의 구분에서 나타나는 공동체적 관계를 함축하는 말이다. 공공성의 역사는 국가의 성립과 관계가 있지만 근대 시민사회의 출현에서부터 논의가 시작되었다. 공공 문제(public problem)를 다루는 정부, 공공행정 등에서는 모든 업무의 토대는 공공(public)과 공공성에 두고 있다. 예술경영에서 공공성 논의는 예술에 대한 보호와 문화 복지의 개념과 관련이 있다. 예술경영은 영리를 추구하는 경영학의 방식을 문화예술기관이나 단체의 운영에 도입한 개념이다. 그러나 예술경영은 수익의 창출보다는 수익 창출이 어려운 순수예술 공연이나 전시, 예술가 지원 등을 주요 대상으로 하고 있다. 수익의 창출을 우선시하기 보다는 대다수가 공감할 수 있는 ‘공공성’ 개념이 경영의 기초가 되어야 하며, 이를 바탕으로 운영의 합리화를 확립시켜야 하는 것이다. 따라서 공공성에 대한 개념과 역사, 공공성의 주요 구성요소의 고찰을 통해, 예술경영에서 나타나는 예술과 공공성의 관계, 예술작품이나 예술작업의 공공재적인 성격, 예술경영에서 지향하여야할 공공성의 과제 등에 접근한다. 그리고 최근 문화의 민주화라는 문화민주주의라는 개념이 문화정책의 주요 핵심과제로 대두되면서 예술경영에서도 수익성과 예술성의 문제보다는 보다 포괄적인 문화정책의 기조에서 공공성의 역할을 강조하고 있다. 따라서 아직 초창기인 우리나라 예술 경영에서는 서구의 공공성 개념 외에도 현장에서 접목하여야 할 공공성이 역할이 강조되고 있는 것이다. 따라서 세종문화회관과 성남아트센터의 운영 프로그램 등을 중심으로 현장에서 접목되는 공공성의 주요 개념과 향후 발전 과제들을 검토한다.

      • KCI등재
      • SCOPUSKCI등재
      • KCI등재

        토대론적 해석이론 : 의도주의와 형식주의

        김진엽 서울大學校 人文學硏究所 1997 人文論叢 Vol.37 No.-

        Foundationalism is an idea found not only in metaphysics and epistemology but also in diverse areas such as ethics, social science, natural science, culture, and so on. I define foundationalism as the idea that there is some foundation which is the ultimate source of justification for our world, knowledge, rationality, culture, goodness and so on. In the theory of interpretation as well, to search for such a foundation of the meaning of a text is the main tradition. We have seen the modern root of foundationalism of interpretation in Schleiermacher. Before him, however, the philological and biblical hermeneutics tried to find the foundation which determined the meaning of a text. The foundationalism of interpretation is currently developed in two directions. One is Intentionalism the other is Formalism. The idea that the author is the origin or the privileged arbiter of the meaning of a text has dominated interpretive theory since the notion of author came into being. According to this idea, the meaning of a text is to be identified with or found in the intention of m author, and the aim of interpretation is to find the intention of an author. Although the problem of how to decode the intention of an author is itself the subject of extensive critical debate, this idea has had powerful influence on the theory of interpretation. In the current era, E. D. Hirsch is the representative of Intentionalism. By claiming that the intention of an author determined the meaning of a text, Hirsch tries to overcome 條e views which deny the existence of a normative principle for judging the validity of interpretation. Nan Stalnaker applies this theory to Edouard Manet's Luncheon in the Studio. Intentionalism is criticized by several theories in the twentieth century. One of them is Formalism and one of leading theorists of Formalism is Monroe Beardsley. Beardsley calls Hirsch's thesis "the identity thesis," and defines it as claiming that what a literary work means is identical to what its author meant in composing it. Beardsley claims that this identity thesis can be conclusively refuted by three arguments. From these arguments, he concludes that in order to know the meaning of text we have to look into the text itself, neither into its origin(author) nor into its results(reader). It is in its language that the text happens. A text contains all the information necessary for its interpretation in the text on the page, and the aim of interpretation is to find what the sequence of words in the text itself means. Roger Fry applies Formalism to Ce´zanne's Le Compotier. Despite this difference, both of Hirsch and Beardsley share common assumptions. First, both of them agree that there is a foundation which is the ultimate source of justification for the meaning of a text. Second, since the meaning of the text is already given and determined by the foundation, our interpretation is to passively find what the author intends or what the sequence of words means, not to actively construct or constitute it. Third, both of them try to set up the objectivity of interpretation, refuting scepticism and relativism. Finally, both of them agree that two incompatible interpretations cannot be both true, that at least one of them must be wrong. Therefore, despite the difference of their interpretive foundation, both of them agree that interpretation is to find one objectively true meaning of a text through a foundation. But these assumptions can be criticized as follows. First, the meaning of text is not straightly determined by some foundation, but circularly determined by several components. According to Gadamer, the meaning of text is determined in a whole relationship of interpreter, text, unity, and consensus. Second, since the interpreter plays an important role in a whole relationship, the meaning of text is not passively found, but actively constructed by interpreter. Third, there are plural aims with which interpreter can approach to the text. Interpretation can aim at the intention of an author or the linguistic structure, but this aim is only one of plurality of possible aims. Both Hirsch and Beardsley err in their privileging their specific interpretive aim as the only one right aim. Fourth, there can be plural true interpretations on the same text, and sometimes they can be incompatible with each other.

      • KCI등재

        균형감각 및 보행 장애 뇌출혈 환자에 대한 한방치료 치험 3례

        김진엽,조희진,남상수,김용석 대한침구의학회 2014 대한침구의학회지 Vol.31 No.4

        Objectives : The purpose of this study is to find the effectiveness of Korean medical treatment on sense of balance by cerebral hemorrhage. Gaitview analysis and Berg balance scale(BBS) research were used to evaluate it. Methods : We selected patients who were hospitalized at the Kangnam Korean Hospital, Kyung Hee University Hospital from May 2014 to August 2014 that satisfied inclusion/exclusion criteria. Before taking treatment, we took gaitview analysis and BBS first to analyze the ability of balance and gait of patients. In gaitview analysis, we checked Center of gravity(COG), pressure ratio, ave pressure, gait time ratio, statistic score. For about 10 days, patients were given acupuncture treatment, herbal medicine and physical therapy. Afterwards, we compared patients’ progression between before-treatment and after-treatment with the same evaluation scale. Results : In the period of treatment, patients showed static and dynamic index change within the normal range or increase. And in statistic score, 2 cases score are increased. In BBS, all cases score are increased. Conclusions : Korean medical treatment improves imbalance symptom of cerebral hemorrhage patient. So the ability of gait and activity of daily living is improved. But, this study has only 3 cases, and has no comparable study. Prospective and Larger study will be necessary.

      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재

        美國式 보자르 建築의 平面 및 立面特性에 관한 硏究

        김진엽,김정곤 대한건축학회 2006 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.22 No.10

        The Culture of architecture has been having a vulnerability which came after accepting western architecture once over lightly, and also the negative aspect of the modern architecture was inherited without passing it through a filter. The purpose of this research is to survey the architectural characteristics of the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, which has affected a lot to the American architecture. Through this, it could give a more various aspects of Modern architecture of the American architecture. Ecole des Beaux-Arts pursued eternal values based on historicity. So design programs are concentrated on transformation of the classical ornament. But structural rationalists tried to create the architectural form based on structural, material authority. Architectural education at America was influenced from the first by the principles and methods of Ecole des Beaux-Arts. American Beaux-Arts system emphasizing reason, construction, and classical examples but also on its transformation and progressive development from reflected on the design principles focusing on the expression of parti, as the Ecole Beaux-Arts design method, both of which are planning idea and poche to indicate structure.

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