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고분자 전해질 연료전지용 테트라술폰화된 폴리(아릴렌 비페닐설폰 이써) 블록 공중합체의 합성 및 성능평가
김진관,유동진 한국에너지학회 2013 에너지공학 Vol.22 No.4
This study explores the synthesis and characterizations of a novel polymer block copolymer membrane for fuel cell applications. The hydrophilic oligomer derived from tetra sulfonated monomer and 4,4'-isopropylidene bis (2,6-dimethylphenol) (IPBDMP) and the hydropobic oligomer was synthesized using IPBDMP along with decafluorobiphenyl. The block copolymer was synthesized from hydrophobic and hydrophilic oligomer by nuclophilic poly condensation. A series of sulfonated poly (arylene sulfone ether) block copolymer was prepared by adjusting their ratio of the oligomers and characterized through 1H-NMR, FT-IR, DSC, and TGA techniques. The block copolymer film was prepared using 7 wt% block copolymer in dimethyl sulfoxide. The ion-exchange capacity(IEC), water uptake, and ionic conductivity of the membrane was measured.
성인 남성에 있어서 수면 무호흡 증후군에 예측인자에 관한 연구
김진관,신철,이승관,이창규 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2001 保健科學論集 Vol.27 No.2
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndromes (OSAS) is charicterized by episodes of complete or partial pharyngeal obstruction during sleep. Epidemiological studies estimate that 2 to 5% of the population meet the minimal diagnostic criteria, and some community based studies have found that about 2% of women and 4% of men between 30 and 60 years old are affected by OSAS. We studied 150male OSAS patient during a period of one year and recorded age and anthropomorphic data. We performed polysomnography. Several polysomngrophic data were compard between OSAS and control group. There were differences in sleep indices such as sleep stage 1, stage REM LDP, snoring, Aarousal index and RDI between two group. RDI and LDP correlated positively with BMI WHR chest circumference and Neck circumference. It can be concluded that obesity is a predisposing risk factor of OSAS.
김진관,Kim. Jin-Kwan 한국방재학회 2008 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.8 No.6
개발에 따른 수질오염을 최소화하기 위해서는 사업 전 후에 발생하는 오염량을 정량적으로 산정하여 관리할 필요가 있다. 점 오염원(point source)은 발생대상과 규모가 확정적이므로 법률적으로 강화된 기준에 의하여 충분한 대책을 수립할 수 있다. 이에 반해 비점오염원(non-point source)은 점오염원을 제외한 모든 오염원으로 발생기구나 전파경로에 대한 관리가 점오염원의 경우보다는 어렵다. 기존의 비점오염원 관리를 위한 강우량의 규모결정은 단순히 손실우량을 가정하여 이보다 큰 강우량을 이용하였으나 이는 연간 발생횟수나 지속시간에 대한 항은 거의 고려하지 못하는 실정이다. 이를 해결하기 위해서는 적정 설계강우량의 크기를 연간 발생횟수나 지속시간을 고려하여 결정하고 초기손실량, 유출률, 연간강우량, 연간강우횟수에 대한 적절한 민감도 분석(sensitivity analysis)이 동시에 수행 되어야한다. 본 연구에서는 평상시 강우의 발생특성에 대한 해석 기법연구와 해석적 확률기법(analytical probabilistic method)을 도입하고 공학적으로 합리적인 정량적 산정방법 및 최적환경용량 산정기법에 대하여 제시하여 실제 개발사업에서 합리적인 비점오염원 처리시설의 용량 및 효율을 결정할 수 있도록 하여 최적의 유역관리가 가능하도록 제안하였으며, 이를 위한 실증적 적용결과 분석을 위하여 유역자체개발에 의한 택지개발사례를 검토하였다. 앞으로도 개발은 계속 이루어질 수밖에 없으며, 개발에 따른 영향을 최소화하여 지속가능한 개발을 이루어야 한다. 특히 수자원의 이용에서 유역자체 개발과 더불어 수자원자체 개발에서도 점오염원의 관리만으로는 수질관리가 불가능한 것으로 판단되었다. 비점 오염원의 관리 시스템은 지속적으로 개발되고 있으나 정량적인 환경용량 산정 없이 편의적 접근이 시도되는 현실에 비추어 보다 공학적이고 정확한 판단이 필요한 시점이다. 이러한 일련의 기작으로 개발에 의하여 추가 발생되는 비점오염원의 양을 정량적으로 산정하여 자연상태보다 적극적인 대책을 수립하면 개발에 따른 오염원의 최소화뿐만 아니라 자연상태보다 효율적인 유지관리가 가능하다. The pollutant capacity occurred before and after the development of a watershed should be quantitatively estimated and controlled for the minimization of water contamination. The Ministry of Environment suggested a guideline for the legal management of nonpoint source from 2006. However, the rational method for the determination of treatment capacity from nonpoint source proposed in the guideline has the problem in the field application because it does not reflect the project based cases and overestimates the pollutant load to be reduced. So, we perform the standard rainfall analysis by analytical probabilistic method for the estimation of an additional pollutant load occurred by a project and suggest a methodology for the estimation of contaminant capacity instead of a simple rational method. The suggested methodology in this study could determine the reasonable capacity and efficiency of a treatment facility through the estimation of pollutant load from nonpoint source and from this we can manage the watershed appropriately. We applied a suggested methodology to the projects of housing land development and a dam construction in the watersheds. When we determine the treatment capacity by a rational method without consideration of the types of projects we should treat the 90% of pollutant capacity occurred by the development and to do so, about 30% of the total cost for the development should be invested for the treatment facility. This requires too big cost and is not realistic. If we use the suggested method the target pollutant capacity to be reduced will be 10 to 30% of the capacity occurred by the development and about 5 to 10% of the total cost can be used. The control of nonpoint source must be performed for the water resources management. However it is not possible to treat the 90% of pollutant load occurred by the development. The proper pollutant capacity from nonpoint source should be estimated and controlled based on various project types and in reality, this is very important for the watershed management. Therefore the results of this study might be more reasonable than the rational method proposed in the Ministry of Environment.
全北 鳳東 生薑團地의 連作障害에 따른 生薑 病害蟲 被害에 관한 調査 硏究
金鎭寬 全北大學校 學徒護國團 1977 全國大學生學術硏究發表論文集 Vol.1 No.-
In order to investigate the various diseases and pest in ginger plants and their control, the infected ginger plants were treated with a total of eleven kinds of fungicides and insecticides: Othe-cide, Mercron, Vitaziram, Daconil, PCNB, Phosvel, Hinosan, Bla-S, Elsan, Sumithion, and Diazinon. 1. the ginger plants were infected mainly by bacterial soft rot(Pse-udmonas zingiberi Uyeda), Fusarium yellows(Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. zingiberi Trujillo), sheath bligth(Rhizoctonia salani Kato), leaf blast (Piricularia zingiberi Nishikado), Leaf wilt(Mycosphaerella zingiberi Shirai), leaf spot(phyllosticta zingiberi Hori) and European corn borer(pyrausta nubialis Hubner). 2. Among these diseases, the bacterial soft rot caused the most severe damage, and the frequency of occurrence was about 20 percent in the experimental fields. Also infection frequency was higher in fields where the ginger plants had replanted for a number of years. 3. Fusarium yellows which caused rotting of the rhizome was observed for the first time in ginger plants in the Bongdong area of Korea. The damage caused by the above disease was also serious and frequent. 4. The author confirmed the existence of virus dwarf disease in Korea. This disease is thought to be different from the cucumber mosaic virus(C M V) of Janan. 5. The control of bacterial soft rot was accomplished by either treating the seeds with Mercron or the roots with Otho-cide. The simultaneous treatment by both was not effective. 6. The control of leaf wilt was accomplished by treatment with PCNB, Daconil, or Hinosan. 7. Leaf spot was controlled through treatment Othe-cide, Daconil or Himosan. 8. Approximately 4 percent of the plants were infested with European corn borer this pest was successfully combatted be treatment with Sumithion, Elsan, or Phosvel. As a results of the experiment, the following solutions concerning the problems associated with the yearly replanting of ginger plants were obtained: 1) soft rot and Fusarium yellows which are contracted by the seed-pieces from infected soil must be controlled. 2) The seed pieces must be collected from areas uninfected with virus disease. 3) Leaf spot, leaf wilt, and European corn borer, all of which affect the stem and leaf must be controlled by chemicals treatment at the appropriate times.
GIS를 이용한 도시 인프라 정보의 효율적 활용 방안 연구
김진관,이승엽,홍원화 대한건축학회 2001 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.21 No.2
The purpose of this study is to effectively manage of urban infrastructure informations with GIS. In the era of informationized society, through technology, vast amount of information is delivered quickly and promptly to the needed source for effective management of urban infrastructure. First, this study suggest positive and visual techniques for urban informations. Second, establishing DBMS(Database Management System) for urban infrastructure, implement rational solving plan which is to be Space decision-making; design, construction and administration of underground facilities, with Spatial Search, Spatial Analysis. Third, 3D digital map in the computer, reproduces the whole city of architecture, geographical features, roads and facilities in the virtual space with exact measures and users can view the city at a glace. It is system to be applied widely to architecture management & permit, city environment evaluation, facility management, disaster prevention, etc.
김진관 한국방재학회 2008 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.08 No.06
The pollutant capacity occurred before and after the development of a watershed should be quantitatively estimated and controlled for the minimization of water contamination. The Ministry of Environment suggested a guideline for the legal management of nonpoint source from 2006. However, the rational method for the determination of treatment capacity from nonpoint source proposed in the guideline has the problem in the field application because it does not reflect the project based cases and overestimates the pollutant load to be reduced. So, we perform the standard rainfall analysis by analytical probabilistic method for the estimation of an additional pollutant load occurred by a project and suggest a methodology for the estimation of contaminant capacity instead of a simple rational method. The suggested methodology in this study could determine the reasonable capacity and efficiency of a treatment facility through the estimation of pollutant load from nonpoint source and from this we can manage the watershed appropriately. We applied a suggested methodology to the projects of housing land development and a dam construction in the watersheds. When we determine the treatment capacity by a rational method without consideration of the types of projects we should treat the 90% of pollutant capacity occurred by the development and to do so, about 30% of the total cost for the development should be invested for the treatment facility. This requires too big cost and is not realistic. If we use the suggested method the target pollutant capacity to be reduced will be 10 to 30% of the capacity occurred by the development and about 5 to 10% of the total cost can be used. The control of nonpoint source must be performed for the water resources management. However it is not possible to treat the 90% of pollutant load occurred by the development. The proper pollutant capacity from nonpoint source should be estimated and controlled based on various project types and in reality, this is very important for the watershed management. Therefore the results of this study might be more reasonable than the rational method proposed in the Ministry of Environment. 개발에 따른 수질오염을 최소화하기 위해서는 사업 전·후에 발생하는 오염량을 정량적으로 산정하여 관리할 필요가 있다. 점오염원(point source)은 발생대상과 규모가 확정적이므로 법률적으로 강화된 기준에 의하여 충분한 대책을 수립할 수 있다. 이에 반해 비점오염원(non-point source)은 점오염원을 제외한 모든 오염원으로 발생기구나 전파경로에 대한 관리가 점오염원의 경우보다는 어렵다. 기존의 비점오염원 관리를 위한 강우량의 규모결정은 단순히 손실우량을 가정하여 이보다 큰 강우량을 이용하였으나 이는 연간 발생횟수나 지속시간에 대한 항은 거의 고려하지 못하는 실정이다. 이를 해결하기 위해서는 적정 설계강우량의 크기를 연간 발생횟수나 지속시간을 고려하여 결정하고 초기손실량, 유출률, 연간강우량, 연간강우횟수에 대한 적절한 민감도 분석(sensitivity analysis)이 동시에 수행 되어야한다. 본 연구에서는 평상시 강우의 발생특성에 대한 해석 기법연구와 해석적 확률기법(analytical probabilistic method)을 도입하고 공학적으로 합리적인 정량적 산정방법 및 최적환경용량 산정기법에 대하여 제시하여 실제 개발사업에서 합리적인 비점오염원 처리시설의 용량 및 효율을 결정할 수 있도록 하여 최적의 유역관리가 가능하도록 제안하였으며, 이를 위한 실증적 적용결과 분석을 위하여 유역자체개발에 의한 택지개발사례를 검토하였다. 앞으로도 개발은 계속 이루어질 수밖에 없으며, 개발에 따른 영향을 최소화하여 지속가능한 개발을 이루어야 한다. 특히 수자원의 이용에서 유역자체 개발과 더불어 수자원자체 개발에서도 점오염원의 관리만으로는 수질관리가 불가능한 것으로 판단되었다. 비점오염원의 관리 시스템은 지속적으로 개발되고 있으나 정량적인 환경용량 산정 없이 편의적 접근이 시도되는 현실에 비추어 보다 공학적이고 정확한 판단이 필요한 시점이다. 이러한 일련의 기작으로 개발에 의하여 추가 발생되는 비점오염원의 양을 정량적으로 산정하여 자연상태보다 적극적인 대책을 수립하면 개발에 따른 오염원의 최소화뿐만 아니라 자연상태보다 효율적인 유지관리가 가능하다.