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어깨교정보조기를 동반한 머리-목 굽힘운동이 전방머리자세 대상자의 깊은목굽힘근과 목빗근의 두께에 미치는 영향
김지혁,김혜주,도현진,이서윤,정수민,허성문 한국지역사회건강관리협회 대한건강과학학회 2022 대한건강과학학회지 Vol.19 No.2
PURPOSE : In this study, when cranio-cervical flexion exercise with shoulder calibration aid were applied to the forward head posture subjects, the changes in the craniovertebral angle, sternocleidomastoid, and deep cervical flexor muscles were analyzed. METHOD : For 4 weeks, a total of 36 experimenters were divided into 3 groups, with group A applying shoulder calibration aid, group B applying cranio-cervical flexion exercise, and group C applying shoulder calibration aid and cranio-cervical flexion exercise together. The craniovertebral angle was photographed with a camera at the angle of C7 and tragus, and the muscle thickness was measured with an ultrasonic device. RESULT : Depending on the period, there was a significant difference between the craniovertebral angle and the deep neck flexion muscle thickness before and after intervention, but there was no significant difference between the groups, and there was no significant difference between the sternocleidomastoid before and after intervention. CONCLUSION : The cranio-cervical flexion exercise and shoulder calibration aid are applied together to increase the craniovertebral angle and the muscle thickness of the deep neck flexor over time during the intervention of the forward head posture subject.
김지혁,조영하,김용권,Kim, Chi-Hyok,Cho, Young-Ha,Kim, Yong-Kwon 대한물리치료과학회 2002 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.9 No.2
This study was conducted to assess the changes in the functional levels of affected upper extremities after treating hemiplegic patients by applying constraint-induced movement therapy(CIMT). The subjects were selected from 20 hemiplegic patients with scores of 25 or more in Mini Mental State Examination(MMSE-k), transferred to the departments of physical therapy in two university hospitals in Busan from December, 2001 to march, 2002, and were divided into two groups. Eleven subjects with fixing unaffected arms by CIMT were assigned to the experimental patient group and the other 9 patients to control group without fixing unaffected arms. The function of upper arms for both groups were evaluated by using Actual Amount of Use Test(AAUT) and Motor Active Log(MAL) before and after physical therapy. The malts were as follows: The recovery rates of upper extremity by AOU(Activity of Use) and QOM(Quality of Movement) were 23.9% and 27.3% for CIMT treated group, and by 8.3% and 4.6% for the control group on the average, respectively, in AAUT after physical therapy, showing statistically significant differences between two groups. And in MAL, the average recovery rates were 27.3% by AOU and 22.6% by QOM for CIMT treated group while 3.1% by both AOU and QOM for the control group, and were significantly different between twogroups.
겨우살이의 급여가 육계의 생산성 및 혈액 특성에 미치는 영향
김지혁,김동욱,강근호,장병귀,유동조,나재천,김상호,이덕수,서옥석,최강덕,김성권,이규호,Kim, J.H.,Kim, D.W.,Kang, K.H.,Jang, B.G.,Yu, D.J.,Na, J.C.,Kim, S.H.,Lee, D.S.,Suh, O.S.,Choi, K.D.,Kim, S.K.,Lee, K.H. 한국가금학회 2007 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.34 No.2
본 연구는 한국산 참나무 겨우살이를 육계에 급여하였을 때 생산성 및 혈액 특성에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 실시하였다. 1일령 Ross 수평아리를 4처리 4반복, 반복당 30수씩 총 480수를 공시하였고, 실험 설계는 무항생제 사료, 항생제 첨가 사료, 겨우살이 0.5% 및 1.0% 처리구로 나누어 총 49일간 사육하였다. 실험 전 기간 처리구간에 사료 섭취량과 일당 증체량에 있어서는 유의차가 없었다. 실험 종료시 공장의 길이에 있어서 겨우살이 1.0% 처리구가 다른 처리구에 비해 증가하는 경향이나 유의하게 증가하였다(P<0.05). 실험 35일째, 맹장내 살모넬라 균수는 겨우살이를 급여함으로써 유의하게 감소하였다(P<0.05). 겨우살이 처리구에서는 대조구(+)에 비해 림프구와 단핵구의 수가 증가하는 경향 또는 유의하게 증가하였다(P<0.05). 따라서, 겨우살이의 사료 내 첨가급여는 육계에서 생산성 및 혈액 성상에 아무런 부정적인 영향을 미치지 않아 항생제 대체 물질로서의 이용 가능성이 있을 것으로 사료된다. The objectives of this study were to examine the effects of Korean mistletoe (KM) on performance and blood characteristics in broiler chickens. A total of four hundred eighty, 1-d-old male broiler chicks (Ross) were divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates of 30 birds each. The treatments were NC (antibiotics-free diet), PC (NC diet added antibiotics), 0.5% KM (NC diet added 0.5% of KM) and 1.0% KM (NC diet added 1.0% of KM), and the birds were raised for 49 days. There were no significant differences in feed intake and body weight gain among treatments. On d 49, the relative length of jejunum in 1.0% KM tended to be increased or significantly (P<0.05) increased compare to those of other groups. On d 35, the colony forming unit of Salmonella spp. of ceca significantly (P<0.05) decreased by feeding KM. The counts of lymphocyte of KM significantly (P<0.05) increased compare to those of the PC.
김지혁,고혜림,김희주,손경욱,이정은,조수진 한국지역사회건강관리협회 대한건강과학학회 2017 대한건강과학학회지 Vol.14 No.2
PURPOSE : The purpose was that examined the effect of pelvic deformity on balance by considering the importance of awareness of pelvic changes and the importance of continuous posture management METHOD : This study was conducted from June 5, 2017 to July 5, 2017 in 30 patients (male: 12, female: 18). The subjects were divided into the normal group (15 patients) and the abnormal group (15 patients) after measuring the slope of the pelvis and vertebral deformation using a vertebra structure analyzer (Formetric 4D, Diers Inc., Germany) Pelvic Torsion Group, Pelvic Slip Group, and Pelvic Torsion + Slip Group (5 each). And Balance Analyzer (Balance Master 7.0 version, NeuroCom International, USA) and dynamic balance capability was divided into RT, MV, EPE, ME, and DC. The data collected in this study were analyzed using the SPSS 24. for window program, and the corresponding sample t-test and independent sample t-test were used. RESULT : The results of this study are as follows. 1. There was no statistically significant difference in dynamic balance ability between normal group and abnormal group. 2. There was no statistically significant difference in dynamic balance ability according to gender of normal group. 3. There was statistically significant difference in dynamic balance ability according to gender of the pelvic torsion group in ME (.018). 4. There was statistically significant difference in dynamic balance ability according to gender of the pelvic slippery group in ME (.016). 5. There was a statistically significant difference in the dynamic balance ability according to gender of the mixed group in RT (.000) and MV (.022). CONCLUSION : The pelvic changes did not show a large change in the overall balance in the human body, but the balance ability according to gender showed a slight difference.
Religious Tolerance and Its Philosophical Basis
김지혁 한국기독교학회 2019 한국기독교신학논총 Vol.113 No.-
The purpose of this paper is to search for philosophical grounds for religious tolerance from Christianity’s point of view. I assume the undeniable fact of religious diversity on this earth. The Bible speaks of spiritual warfare. This paper examines the possibility of whether Christians can reasonably maintain both exclusivism and religious tolerance. After reviewing epistemological background for pluralism, this paper searches for philosophical basis and logic for religious tolerance by dividing my research areas into three sections: epistemological, axiological, and deontological tolerance, respectively, tolerance in the truth world, tolerance in the value world, and tolerance in the ethical world. As a corollary of philosophical reasoning, cognitive uncertainty of humans in the truth world and partial value indeterminacy in the value world can be the basis for tolerance. However, this paper argues that cognitive uncertainty is just a provisional basis for tolerance and partial value indeterminacy alone can be the only basis for tolerance. As an example of a philosophical model which meets the requirements of tolerance, I suggest Wittgensteinian Fideism. Above all, Christians should bear in mind that humility and love are the most important virtues in value-plural societies.
Clinical epidemiological applicability of real-time polymerase chain reaction for COVID-19
김지혁,강준규,김정호,이지영,곽진 질병관리본부 2022 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.13 No.4
Objectives: Real-time polymerase chain reaction is currently used as a confirmatory test for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The test results are interpreted as positive, negative, or inconclusive, and are used only for a qualitative classification of patients. However, the test results can be quantitated using threshold count (Ct) values to determine the amount of virus present in the sample. Therefore, this study investigated the diagnostic usefulness of Ct results through various quantitative analyzes, along with an analysis of clinical and epidemiological characteristics.Methods: Clinical and epidemiological data from 4,642 COVID-19 patients in April 2021 were analyzed, including the Ct values of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), envelope (E), and nucleocapsid (N) genes. Clinical and epidemiological data (sex, age, underlying diseases, and early symptoms) were collected through a structured questionnaire. A correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between variables.Results: All 3 genes showed statistically significant relationships with symptoms and severity levels. The Ct values of the RdRp gene decreased as the severity of the patients increased. Moreover, statistical significance was observed for the presence of underlying diseases and dyspnea.Conclusion: Ct values were found to be related to patients’ clinical and epidemiological characteristics. In particular, since these factors are closely related to symptoms and severity, Ct values can be used as primary data for predicting patients’ disease prognosis despite the limitations of this method. Conducting follow-up studies to validate this approach might enable using the data from this study to establish policies for preventing COVID-19 infection and spread.