김중혁 소설에 나타난 도시성 연구 - 『1F/B1 일층, 지하 일층』에 나타난 도시 문명의 조건 -

김정남 ( Kim Jeong-nam ) 한민족문화학회 2016 한민족문화연구 Vol.55 No.-

본 연구는 현대 도시 설계도와 운영 시스템을 내장하고 있는 하나의 기획물이라고 할 수 있는, 소설집 『1F/B1 일층, 지하 일층』에 수록된 단편소설을 대상으로, 구조와 개체의 상호작용에 의해서 형성된 도시사회(urban society)의 성격 전반을 표상하는 도시성(urbanity)이라는 도시 생활의 전형적인 특성을 살펴보고자 한다. 이는 근대체제로 이행해가는 데 따른 사회변동성, 경쟁ㆍ밀도ㆍ이질성을 유발하는 생태 공간적변수 외에도, 공적 통제기구의 발달, 최근 빈번하게 발생하는 테러와 대규모 사고 등의 위험사회의 징후들에 이르기까지, 도시의 정치적ㆍ경제적ㆍ이데올로기적 특성을 부조하는 데 원동력이 된 작가의식을 도출하는 데 목적이 있다. 「냇가로 나와」에서는 도시를 가로지르는 천천(千川)을 배경으로 풍속의 유민이 되어버린 뗏목꾼 ‘통나무 김씨’를 통해 도시환경의 질적 변화를 고찰하고, 도시인의 삶이 어떻게 비생태화하는지를 예각적으로 포착하고 있다. 「C1+Y=:[8]:」에서는 스케이트보더들만이 알고 있는 도시의 길을 통해 현대 도시의 혈관이라고 할 수 있는 도로망의 폐쇄성에 대한 성찰을 이끌어내고, 도시의 과밀성에 대한 대안으로 스케이트보더들이 하나의 유토피아로 삼고 있는 보드빈터를 통해 도시 공간의 허파라고 할 수 있는 ‘빈 터’의 가치를 부여한다. 한편, 「유리의 도시」에서는 알루미노코바륨이 들어 있는 유리에 초음파가 발사되는 총을 쏘면 유리가 갑자기 수축해 이탈한다는 설정을 통해, 온통 유리 외벽으로 이루어진 빌딩 숲속에서 살아가는 현대 도시에서 가해지는 테러의 위협성과 공포를 형상화하였다. 이러한 미증유 공포는, 예고 없이 찾아올 도시문명의 아포칼립스(apocalypse)를 비수처럼 내장하고 있다. 「1F/B1」, 「3개의 식탁, 3개의 담배」는 모두 도시 관리와 제어시스템에 기반한 소설적 상상력을 펼쳐 보인다. 전자의 경우는 팔십층짜리 초현대시 복합상가 건설을 계획하고 있는 비횬개발과 SM(slash manager)으로 지칭되는 ‘네오타운 건물관리자연합’ 사이의 ‘암흑의 전투’를 배경으로 망의 형태로 네트워크화되어 있는 도시관리조직의 배후를 탐색하고 있다. 후자는 미래도시의 한 시점을 배경으로 한 SF소설로서 인간의 생명마저도 데이터의 형태로 관리되고, 삶과 죽음까지도 무의미한 유희로 여겨지는 미래 과학도시의 불모성을 의미심장하게 전해주고 있다. 마지막으로 도시인이 상상하는 이상주의적 자연관에 대한 성찰을 제기하는 「바질」은 도시 한복판에서 괴식물로 자라난 바질을 통해 원시적자연의 공포를 제기함과 동시에 자연의 공포를 거세했다고 여기는 인간의 교만에 대한 반성적 사유를 요구하고 있다. 「크랴샤」는 마술을 모티프로 있어야 할 것을 단지 낡았다는 이유로 사라지게 하는 도시화의 지배적 논리에 맞서 사라진 것들을 어떻게 다시 불러들여야 할 것인가를 고민하고 있는 작품이다. 마술이란 있었던 것을 사라지게 하는 것이 아니라, 사라진 소중한 꿈들을 다시 나타나게 하고 현현케 하는 불가능성의 가능성이라는 것을 말하고 있다. 이상에서 살펴본 바와 같이, 김중혁의 소설집 『1F/B1 일층, 지하 일층』은 현대 도시를 규율하는 시스템과 구조, 그 안에서 작동하는 삶의방식, 더 나아가 그 대안적 측면을 총체적으로 고찰한 보고서이자 현대도시의 파국성을 드러낸 묵시의 알레고리다. 거대한 문명의 괴물로 변해버린 현대 도시의 시스템 속에서 우리는 지금 어디로 가고 있으며, 그것이 가리키는 파국의 상황성을 막아내거나 적어도 늦추기 위해서는 무엇을 꿈꾸어야 하는지 그는 이렇게 문학적 주문을 외고 있다. This study is explores the typical characteristics of urban life representations of urbanity that characterized the first half of the urban society shaped by the interplay of structures and objects, in Kim, Jung-hyeok``s short story collection 『1F/B1』 that built in a modern urban designs and operating systems that can be described as one of the project. It aims to draw awareness writers that Social volatility due to go to shift to the modern system, spatial ecological variables that lead to competition and the density and heterogeneity and The development of public control mechanisms, ranging from the signs of social risks, such as terrorism and large-scale accidents occur frequently recently. 「냇가로 나와(Take the riverside)」is that how keenly captures the life of the city changed to a non-ecologization through a ‘rafter Kim’ have been marginalized rivers(千川) across the city in the background and examines the qualitative change of the urban environment. 「C1+y =:[8]:」 in eliciting reflection on a closed road network of blood vessels that can be said of the modern city through the street of the city that knows only the skateboarders. As an alternative to the overcrowded city gives the value of the empty space that skateboarders could be called the lungs of the city space through the ‘skateboarder``s space’ in regard to one of the utopia. 「유리의 도시(City of Glass)」 was symbolizing the fear and threat of terrorism applied in modern city living in a building made of glass curtain wall, through the hypothesis that take a shot being fired ultrasound in a glass containing ‘aluminoco-barium’ sets of glass that suddenly shrink to escape. This unprecedented terror, has built the apocalypse of urban civilization come like a dagger without notice. 「1F/B1 」is in the form of a network in the ‘Fight of the dark’ background between eighty-storey ultra-modern complex commercial ‘Bihyon development’ and SM(slash manager) is planning the construction that ‘Neo-town building management Union’ referred to and explore the hinterland of urban management in networked organizations. 「3개의 식탁, 3개의 담배 (Three tables, Three cigarettes)」 is as a SF novel, the futuristic city in the background, human life even being governed as the form of data, regarded as a meaningless play, even life and death is found to draw the devastation of future science city. Finally, 「바질(Basil)」 is demanding reflective reason for this is that human pride and at the same time raising the overgrowth primitive nature of fear through the masses to plant basil in the heart of the city castrated the natural fear. 「크랴샤(Krasha)」 is that how things work gone against the prevailing logic of urbanization that you have to disappear with a magic motif, just worn out the reasons contemplating whether to need to come back. As noted above, Kim, Jung-hyeok``s short story collection 『1F/ B1』 is the whole report, the system governing the modern urban structure, the way of life that works in it, and even on the whole consideration to the alternative side and the allegory of the apocalypse reveals the catastrophe of the modern city.

경영환경 변화와 주류산업의 대응전략

김정남,Kim, Jeong-Nam 한국주류산업협회 1995 주류산업 Vol.15 No.1

시장개방 압력과 경쟁력 제고 방안

김정남,Kim, Jeong-Nam 한국주류산업협회 1993 주류산업 Vol.13 No.1

한국 교인들의 목회간호 역할기대

김정남,권영숙,Kim, Chung-Nam,Kwon, Young-Sook 한국지역사회간호학회 2000 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Parish nursing is a community health nursing role developed in 1983 by Lutheran Chaplain Granger Westberg. An increasing emphasis on holistic care, personal responsibility for a healthy lifestyle, and changes in healthcare delivery systems have undoubtedly facilitated the establishment of an innovative nursing role in the community. Parish nurses are functioning in a variety of church congregations of various denominations. The parish nurse is a educator, a personal health counselor, a coordinator of volunteers. The parish nurses helps people relate to the complexed medical care system and assists people to integrate faith and health. The purpose of this study is to investigate what the korean parishioners want in parish nursing and what type of role expectation from parish nurse. The subjects were 1138 parishioners of 23 churches of various denominations in nationwide Korea. Data were collected by self-reported question naires from Feb 4 to June 25. 1999. The data were analyzed by using percentage. frequency. $x^2-test$. multiple Response set with SPSS program. The results are as follows: 1. Desired parish nursing contents by parish nurses are: psychological counselling(23.4%) out of private counselling. stress management(21.1 %) out of private health education. Emergency care(14.1%) out of group health education. Blood Pressure check-ups (19.0%) out of Health check ups. home visiting(44.9%) out of patient visiting method. B T. pulse, respiration and blood pressure check(15.0%) in Care to serve in home visiting. spiritual preparation to accept the death(41.7%) in hospice care, advices to choice of medical treatment using guide(50.1%) in introducing and guiding of health care facilities, pray(21.7%) in spiritual care' faith support. 2. Desired Health Teaching Content According to Period of Clients by Parish Nurse are: Vaccination(22.5%) in infant and toddler health management. sexual education(25.3%) in adolescent health management. prenatal care (29.5%) in pregnant health management. osteoporosis prevention and management (22.4%) in Middle aged health management. dementia prevention and management(25.5%) in elderly health management. 3. The expectant role from parish nurse is spiritual care faith support(14.1%). patient visiting care(13.2%), hospice care(12.9%), private counseling(12.8%), health check ups (11.1 %), volunteer organization and training out of believer(11.0%), private health education (9.3%), group health education (8.3%). 4. In Necessity of Performing Parish Nursing according to Region, Most(over 95%) responded that nursing program is needed. so there is no significance between regions. In Performing Parish Nursing in their church, Most(92.2%) responded they want to perform program. 5. In case of performing parish nursing, 52% out of the subjects responded they want to participated in parish nursing volunteer's activity, for example. to be in active to be a companion to chat(42.1%), necessity support (25.3%), donation support(25.0%), exercise support(18.2%), vehicles support (9.9%). As a result. in holistic care and spiritual care, the need of parish nursing and the role expectation from parish nurse are very high among korean believers. Therefore, I suggest parish nursing centering around Taegu and Kyungbuk province should be extended to nationwide. For extending parish nursing program. more active advertisement and research is needed. After performing parish nursing program through out the country, further comparative research between regions should be practiced and Korean parish nursing program will be developed and activated.

식물유래 천연물, TGR-N1의 잔디 진균병에 대한 방제효과 검정

김정남,김인섭,전민구,박덕훈,Kim, Jeong-Nam,Kim, In-Seob,Geon, Min-Goo,Park, Deak-Hoon 한국잔디학회 2006 한국잔디학회지 Vol.20 No.1

이 연구는 식물유래 천연물, TGR-N1의 잔디진균병에 대한 방제효과를 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. In vitro실험에서 TGR-N1은 잔디진균병에 대해 항균효과를 나타내었다. TGR-N1의 500배, 1000배액은 Rhizoctonia solani AG 1-1, Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2, Rhizoctonia cerealis, Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, Colletotrichum graminicola 에 대해 강한 항균력을 나타내었다. 그러나 Pythium spp.에 대해서는 항균효과가 없었다. TGR-N1의 Rhizoctonia solani AG 1-1, Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2에 대한 포장방제 실험결과, TGR-N1 500배액의 방제가는 각각 86.1%와 83.3%의 방제가를 나타내었다. 이 연구 결과 식물유래 천연물 TGR-N1의 항균 활성이 확인되었는 바 천연물 농약으로서의 잠재성을 보여 주었다. This study was carried out to investigate control efficacy of natural compound, TGR-N1 against turfgrass fungal diseases. TGR-N1 showed antimicrobial activity in vitro. Rhizoctonia solani AG 1-1, Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2, Rhizoctonia cerealis, Sclerotinia homoeocarpa and Colletotrichum graminicola were inhibited by 500 times and 1,000 times of diluents of TGR-N1. Pythium spp. was not inhibited by the same diluents of TGR-N1. The TGR-N1 also showed a remarkable antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani AG 1-1, Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2 in field. This study proved the antifungal activity of natural compound, TGR-N1 and showed its potential as a natural pesticide.

목회자의 목회간호에 대한 역할기대

김정남,권영숙,Kim, Chung-Nam,Kwon, Young-Sook 한국지역사회간호학회 1996 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Parish nursing is a community health nursing role developed in 1983 by Lutheran chaplain Granger Westberg. An increasing emphasis on holistic care, personal reseponsibility for a healthy lifestyle, and changes in healthcare delivery systems have undoubtedly facilitated the establishment and nurturance of an innovative nursing role in the community. Parish nurses are functioning in a variety of church congregations of various denominations. The parish nurse is a educator, a personal health counselor, a coordinator of volunteers. The parish nurses helps people relate to the complexed medical care system and assists people to integrate faith and health. The autors conducted a study on pastor's expectations from parish nurses. Results of this study will be useful to those instrumental in planning, initiating, supporting, and evaluating a parish nurses program The research was done on 130 pastors in Taegue and Kyong Sang Buck Do, of various ages ranging from their 20's to 60's: and pastoring churches of various sizes, ranging from under 100 to over 300 members. 94.6% agreed that they needed a parish nurse on their staff; and 86.2% said they wanted to start a parish nurse program in their churches if certain basic conditions were met. The pastors responded that some would hire the nurses on a full-time basis(22.3%), a part -time basis (37.7%) or use volunteer nurses (40%). The pastors said they would expect the following from a parish nurse: health counselling (80.0%) regular health check-ups (78.5%) health care for the elderly (78.5%) health information and education (72.3%) hospice care (72.3%) visiting sick church members at home (69.2%) arranging and training volunteers to help the seek (59.2%) health care for expectant mothers (50.0%) introducing and taking people to health care facilities (46.2%) The pastors were surveyed about specific areas of health education they would want the parish nurse to teach(for example, high blood pressure and heart disease prevention and management(76.2%) ; stress management(74.6%); and diabetes prevention and management(73.8%). The pastors were surveyed about specific areas of health counselling they would expect the parish nurse to do (for example, drug abuse, (73.1), alcohol abuse(64.6%), marriage conflict(60.0%), recovery after the loss of a loved one(56.9%), and women's conflict with parents-in-law(53.8%). The pastors were surveyed about types of things they would want included in regular health check-ups, what they would want a parish nurse to do on home visits, and what they would want included in home care for the elderly. They were also surveyed on what kind of spiritual care they would like parish nurses to give. Most (90.7%) wanted their parish, parishioners to be involved in the parish nurses program as volunteers, and in a variety of ways(such as visiting sick in their homes(68.5%) and helping with housework(63.1%) and taking sick people to health facilities(60%). Parish nurses role, activities, and boundaries of practice should be continuously monitored and refined and a 'case manager' should be conceptualized as an additional or all-encompassing role. An initial parish / community needs and readiness assessment should be done prior to establishing a program to detemine if the congregation is ready, willing, and able to support such a position for at least a 2 to 3 year period.

'96 국내외 경제환경 변화와 우리기업의 대응전략

김정남,Kim, Jeong Nam 한국주류산업협회 1996 주류산업 Vol.16 No.1

Cu-TiB₂ 복합재료의 마모거동에 관한 연구

김정남,최종운,강계명,Kim Jung-Nam,Choi Jong-Un,Kang Kae-Myung 한국재료학회 2005 한국재료학회지 Vol.15 No.1

The titanium $diboride(TiB_2)$ has high strength(750MPa), high melting point $(3225^{\circ}C)\;and\;10\%$ IACS electrical conductivity. On this account, the dispersion hardening $Cu-TiB_2$ composites(MMCs) are a promising candidate for applications as electrical contact materials. MMCs for electrical contact materials can reduce material cost and resource consumption caused by wear, due to its good mechanical and electrical property. In this study, we attempt to prepare MMCs with various volume fraction and particle size of $TiB_2$ by means of hot extruded and cold drawn process. Dry sliding wear tests were performed on a pin-on-disk type wear tester, sliding against SM45C under the different applied loads. After wear testing, the microstructures of the worn surfaces were observed by SEM and the microhardnesses of the subsurface zone were measured.

목회간호사의 업무활동분석

김정남,박정숙,권영숙,Kim, Chung-Nam,Park, Jeong-Sook,Kwon, Young-Sook 한국지역사회간호학회 1996 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.7 No.2

The concept of parish nursing began in the late 1960s in the United States when increasing numbers of churches employed registered nurses (RNs) to provide holistic, preventive health care to the members of their congregations. Parish nursing role was developed in 1983 by Lutheran chaplain Granger Westberg, and provides care to a variety of church congregation of various denominations. The parish nurse functions as health educator, counselor, group facilitator, client advocate, and liaison to community resources. Since these activities are complementary to the population-focused practice of community health' CNSs, parish nurses either have a strong public health background or work directly with both baccalaureate-prepared public health nurses and CNSs. In a Midwest community in U.S.A., the Healthy People 2000(1991) objectives are being addressed in health ministries through a coalition between public health nurses and parish nurses. Parish nursing is in the beginning state in Korea and up untill now, there has been no research was conducted on concrete role of korean parish nurses. The main purpose of this study was to identify, classify and analyze activities of parish nurses. The other important objective of this study was to establish an effective approach and direction for parish nursing and provide a database for korean parish nursing model through analysis and' classification of the content of the nursing record which included nursing activities. This study was a descriptive survey research. The parish nurses were working in churches where the demonstration project developed on parish nursing. The study was done on all nursing records which were working in churches where the demonstration project developed on parish nursing. The study was done on all nursing records which were documented by parish nurses in three churches from March, 1995 to February, 1996. Namsan, Taegu Jeei and Nedang presbyterian churches in Taegu and Keimyung nursing college incooperated together for the parish nursing demonstration project. The data analysis procedure was as follows: First, a record analysis tool was developed and second, the data was collected, coded and analyzed, the classification for nursing activities was developed through a literature review, from which the basic analysis tool was produced and cotent validity review was also done. The classification of the activities of parish nurses showed 7 activitity categories. 7 activity categories consisted of visitation nursing, health check-ups, health education, referring, attending staff meetings, attending inservices and seminar, volunteers coordinating. The percentage of activities were as follows: Visitation nursing(A: 51.6%, B: 55%, C: 42.6%) Health check-ups(A: 13.5%, B: 12.1%, C: 22.3%) Health education(A: 13.5%, B: 13.2%, C: 18.2%) Referring(A: 1.4%, B: 4.2%, C: 2.4%) Attending staff meeting(A: 18.8%, B: 13.0%, C: 12.2%) Attending inservices and seminar(A: 1.5%, B: 2.2%, C: 2.1%) Volunteers coordinating(A: 0.3%, B: 0.4%, C: 0.0%) To establish and develope parish nursing delivery network in Korea, parish nurses role, activities and boundaries of practice should be continuously monitored and refined every 2 years. Also, It is needed to develope effective nursing recording system based on the need assessment research data of various congregation members. role, activities and boundaries of practice and arrangement of the working structure, continuing education, cooperation with community resources and structuring and organizing parish nursing delivery network. Also, It is needed to develope effective nursing recording system based on the need assessment research data of various congregation members.

제품의 수명 주기와 신제품 전략

김정남,Kim, Jeong-Nam 한국주류산업협회 1992 주류산업 Vol.12 No.3