전국의 어도실태 전수조사 및 국가어도정보시스템(NFIS) 구축

김재옥,장규상,Kim, Jae-Ok,Jang, Gyu-Sang 한국수자원학회 2011 물과 미래(한국수자원학회지) Vol.44 No.7

금강하구둑 어도의 생태적 기능 평가

김재옥,장규상,신현상,양 현,장준호,Kim, Jae-Ok,Jang, Kyu-Sang,Shin, Hyun-Sang,Yang, Hyun,Jang, Jun-Ho 한국농공학회 2010 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.52 No.3

The ichthyofauna and passing efficiency of fishways were surveyed in Geumgang estuary from May to October in 2009. The fishes collected were classified into 24 species, 23 genera belonging to 8 families. These 24 species consist of 17 freshwater fish species, 3 migration fish species and 4 peripheral freshwater fish species. Seasonal function of fishways showed the migration from May to June and returning to the reservoir of fishes be washed out to sea when sluice gate open by rainfall in July and August. Most of the fishes catched in fishways moved from middle tide to high tide except for July. Fishes ascended fishways between the middle ebb tide and the ebb tide only July, because small freshwater swim against the fishway for leaching the reservoir through the newly formed flow when the water level at the fishway kept dropping. Small fishes that body length less than 200 mm mainly used gabion type fishways and fishes over 200 mm utilized a cascade type fishways. Based on the total individuals collected, the efficiency of the fishway was 1 % for the anadromous fish and over 80 % for freshwater fish. Therefore, it is concluded that ecological function of the fishway in the Geumgang estuary dike be very important not only for fish migration but also freshwater fishes's returning.

PCB조립 In Line System 개발현황

김재옥,Kim, Jae-Ok 한국전자정보통신산업진흥회 1990 電子振興 Vol.10 No.9

조립식 아이스하버식 어도의 현장 적용을 위한 수리모형실험

김재옥,박상현,조재원,황종서,조국현,조성주,Kim, Jae-Ok,Park, Sang-Hyun,Cho, Jae-Won,Hwang , Jong-Seo,Jo , Guk-Hyun,Joh , Seong-Ju 한국농공학회 2004 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.46 No.2

This study was conducted to assess the possibility of the field application of the iceharbor-type precast fishway. When overflow depth of weir is 4.0 cm in model fishway, upper part velocities appear appropriate for upstream migration of fish and the lowest overflow wall (right line) in lower part has shown velocity distribution more or less inadequate for upstream migration. Except that right line, left and middle line revealed that velocities are appropriate for upstream migration of fish. Therefore, we concluded that this fishway owing to be not broad growth width of overflow velocities according to increasing discharges can correspond to variation of water level. Also We consider that various velocities in fishway were effective, because slow velocity line can guide flow for upstream migration. For low flow, the arrangement of different crest level or each overflow part (higher left, middle and lower right, or lower left, middle and higher right) was more effactive than unform crert level. Hole plays an important role as migration pass during drought and flood flow. Therefore, We concluded that this fishway can cope with water depth variation by various overflow wall height change and raise the field applicability with better performance hydraulically and structurally.

새만금 하구역의 이화학적 환경요인에 따른 수질 평가

김재옥,김원장,조국현,Kim, Jae-Ok,Kim, Won-Jang,Jo, Kuk-Hyun 한국농공학회 2007 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.49 No.5

The objective of this study was to evaluate chemical water quality by hourly monitoring(25hr) of Saemangeum esturary. For this study, we selected 2 sites like a Mangyong Bridge(St. 6) and Dongjin Bridge(St. 7). Inflow of salt water was not detected during low tide(maximum 553, 508cm) of all stations, while the salinity rises were detected in spring tide(750cm). When 602m of maximum tide was reached, salinity concentration was increased at St. 7, while there was no change in St. 6. Therefore, We know that salinity variation is greatly influenced by tide height at survey site. Also, significant variance of salinity(p<0.05) was found between St. 6 and St. 7 because dike construction made the flood tide move into the Dongjin river. Total suspened solids(TSS) concentration was increased because of the river runoff at St. 6, and also the turbulance and resuspension according to salt intrusion at St. 7. During the high tide, the water discharge from the sea seemed to dilute the nutrient but to elevate TSS concentration in St. 7. Silicate and nitrate concentrations in the studied site were decreased by the mixing of sea water, whereas the evident trend of phosphate concentration was not found. This result can be explained by the phosphorus condition. Phosphorus exists inactive when it is affected by hydrated iron and adsorbed onto suspended matters. Compared to the environmental conditions of the St. 6 and St. 7, physical factors such as temperature, dissolved oxygen and TSS have statistically no significant difference(p<0.001), but nutrient concentrations were higher at St. 6 than St. 7. It could be suggested from these results that it is important to control the discharge of fresh water by sewage treatment plants located in St. 6 for water quality management.

스테키히트 시험용 자동발색인지 시스템 개발을 위한 기초 연구(II) -자동 발색 인지 원리를 적용한 발색 자동인지시스템-

김재옥,김철환,박종열,권오철,Kim, Jae-Ok,Kim, Chul-Hwan,Park, Chong-Yawl,Kwon, Oh-Chul 한국펄프종이공학회 2005 펄프.종이기술 Vol.37 No.1

Stockigt sizing test, which is readily affected by individual tester's bias as well as testing conditions in recognizing red coloration, had to be modified to improve its reliability and reproducibility. The novel testing system with the automatic recognizing program of red coloration was developed with the auxiliary equipments including an automatic liquid dispenser and a specimen shifter. The analysis program used a hue value of a droplet image in recognizing a point of time on red coloration instead of RGB values that are not similar to human perception of color. Hue was more sensitive in recognizing the red coloration of a droplet than the other two factors, Saturation and Value. During the test, the program records the time consumed up to a specific hue value of a droplet on a specimen. Differently from the conventional test, the automatic test could obtain a reliable and reproducible sizing degree with a minor error. Furthermore, the Stockigt sizing degree measured by the automatic system showed great correlations with contact angle and Hercules sizing degree. It means that such great correlations will contribute to the development of an integrated measuring system capable of predicting contact angle, surface tension, surface energy and Hercules sizing degree of paper and paperboards through the Stbckigt sizing test. It was meaningful to note that the automatic system for Stbckigt sizing test might be able to used to predict contact angle, Hercules and Cobb sizing degree, based upon the high correlation coefficients.

국내 배수갑문에 설치된 어도의 운영실태 및 개선 방향

김재옥,Kim, Jae-Ok 한국관개배수위원회 2011 한국관개배수논문집 Vol.18 No.1

The status of fishway installed in domestic dikes showed a cascade types and sluice gate types 36% (four sites) and 64% (seven sites), respectively. Fishway of cascade type was constructed four sites (Iweon, Busa, Geum river, Haenam) and only Geum river was one of them has operated much more effectively since remodeling in a fishway and fishways of the others was not operated because of several problems like a desalination, a shortage of inflow water and variation of management elevation. Fishway of sluice gate type was installed seven sites and three sites (Yeongsan, Yeongam, Geumho) one of them were continuously operated until now. This results has a interesting interpretations. Prolonged discharge of inductive water from fishway can positively affect not only ascending of fishes but also fish fauna of around of the sea. The others of a sluice gate fishway were not operated because of seawater circulation through sluice gate until now. The closed reasons of fishway in domestic dikes may be summarized as follows: impassibility of sluice gate open by shortage of inflow water, problem of proper operating by long distance of between fishway and management office, absence of operating manual, seawater circulation, lack of fishway operating awareness. It was takes a long time for solution of hardware part but software part can be to find the answer through making a fishway operation manual and development of education program for manager. In this paper we deal with fishway in domestic dikes. Proper fishway control by manager was essential for ascending of migration fishes especially at fishway installed in dikes. Thus it was necessary to make manual for fishway operation and effort of continuously maintenance.

논 어도 설치 및 현장 적용성 검토

김재옥 ( Jae-ok Kim ),신현상 ( Hyunsang Shin ),유지현 ( Jihyun Ryu ),장규상 ( Kyusang Jang ) 한국농공학회 2010 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2010 No.-

논은 쌀을 생산하는 중요한 기능 이외에 홍수조절기능, 지하수 함양기능, 이산화탄소 흡수 기능, 토양 보전등 다양한 기능을 보유하고 있다(농림수산식품부, 2008). 또한 수서곤충, 어류, 양서류·파충류 및 조류의 서식처, 피난처가 되며 중요한 먹이 공급 장소이다. 그 동안 논 농업지역은 쌀 생산 효율증대를 위하여 용·배수로 구조물화가 진행되었고 시설현대화를 거쳐 쌀 생산효율은 증진시켰다. 그 결과 국내 쌀 자급율은 100%를 만족한 상태이다. 이제 쌀에 대한 시대적 흐름은 양적인 증가에서 질적으로 우수하고 다양한 생물이 공존하는 논에서 생산된 것으로 변화하고 있다. 이런 흐름에 맞춰 논의 생태적 기능에 대한 제고와 기존 논에 큰 환경변화 없이 적용 가능한 생태복원 프로그램에 대한 연구가 필요하다. 논의 생태적 복원을 위해 기술적으로 접근할 수 있는 요소로는 생물이동통로(어도)설치, 물의 연중공급 방법 모색, 생태형 물꼬 설치, 피난처 및 둠벙 설치, 식생수로 조성등을 들 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 논의 생태적 기능을 강화시킬 수 있는 방안들 중 논과 배수로를 연결하는 어도를 설치한 후, 설치한 어도를 대상으로 현장적용성, 경제성, 어도 소상효율등을 평가하는 것이다. 조사 지점은 충남 당진군 대호 친환경농업지역에서 수행하였으며 목재와 기성 플라스틱 제품을 이용하여 어도를 설치하였다. 대호는 간척지로서 주변 유수지와 용수공급이 풍부하여 논어도 현장 적용성은 매우 우수하였다. 설치한 어도를 대상으로 6월에 총 4회에 걸쳐 24시간 동안 조사를 실시한 결과 왜몰개, 미꾸라지, 미꾸리 등 주변 배수로에 서식하는 어류들이 어도를 통해 논으로 소상하는 것으로 조사되었다. 어류들이 어도를 통해 논으로 소상하는 시간대를 조사하기 위하여 24시간 조사를 실시한 결과, 주로 밤 12시에서부터 새벽 5시에 걸쳐 어도를 통해 논으로 소상하는 것으로 조사되었다.

보문 : 논 생태 증진을 위해 설치된 둠벙의 물리,화학적 및 생물학적 특성

김재옥 ( Jae Ok Kim ),신현상 ( Hyun Sang Shin ),유지현 ( Ji Hyun Yoo ),이승헌 ( Seung Heon Lee ),장규상 ( Kyu Sang Jang ),김범철 ( Bom Chul Kim ) 한국하천호수학회(구 한국육수학회) 2011 생태와 환경 Vol.44 No.3

This study was conducted to gain preliminary data for restoration and management of constructed small-scale ponds in paddy fields through analysis of their physicochemical and biological properties. A field survey was performed at 13 small-scale ponds located in paddy fields from August 2009 to October 2010. Structural properties, water quality, soil characteristics and fish fauna were measured. Results showed that small-scale ponds without frames might lose their function over time because of crumbling walls. Therefore, it is necessary for these ponds to have frames for soil protection and sustainable maintenance. Chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentration were higher than the water quality standard for agricultural water in small-scale ponds. In particular, TN concentration was 8.03 mg L-1 and over 8 times the water quality standard because of the presence of livestock such as cows and pigs in the study areas. Sand, organic matter and available phosphorus contents of soil in small-scale ponds was 53.4 ± 16.6%, 21.8 ± 9.74 g kg-1 and 12.8±7.59 mg kg-1, respectively indicating that sand and available phosphorus contents were suitable for plants in small-scale ponds, but organic matter contents was somewhat low in newly constructed small-scale ponds, and would take some time to stabilize for plant growing. Fish fauna was not diverse with only 4 species at all sites surveyed. Collected fishes share a common feature that they all inhabit paddy fields or canals with shallow water depth. In this study, all ponds were not linked to the streams and canals around them. It appears that connection to adjacent streams was the major factor controlling fish fauna in small-scale ponds. The results of statistical analysis were classified into three groups. Factor 1 was 26.3%, which shows a structural properties such as area and depth of small-scale pond. As for factor 2, it appears on 20.1%, showing water quality like a TP, suspended solids (SS) and COD. Small-scale ponds were classified into three groups by factor scores. Group I consisted of 6 small-scale ponds, which were larger than the others. Group III had higher water quality than the others. We conclude that the most important points to be considered for restoration and management of small-scale ponds is connection with adjacent streams or ditches and depth and size of the small-scale pond.

농업환경보전프로그램 사업 참여주민의 인식도 변화

김재옥 ( Jae-ok Kim ),이재황 ( Jae-hwang Lee ),이소진 ( So-jin Lee ),이승헌 ( Seung-heon Lee ),박치형 ( Chee-hyurng Park ) 한국환경농학회 2022 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2022 No.-

농업환경보전프로그램 사업은 농업환경 개선이 시급한 지역(마을)을 대상으로 해당 지역에 거주하는 농업인이 직접 개선계획을 수립하고, 토양·용수·생태·경관 등 다양한 농업환경 보전활동을 시행하는 사업이다. 본 사업은 농업활동으로 인한 환경오염을 방지하고 농업의 공익적 가치 제고를 위해 「제4차 친환경농업 육성 5개년 계획(2016∼2020)」에 포함되어 계획 수립이 착수되었고, 2개년에 걸친 시범사업을 거쳐 현재 전국 65개소 마을에서 사업을 시행하고 있다. 주요 농업환경보전 활동은 토양·용수·대기·경관 등으로 구성되어 있으며 분야별로 개인 또는 공동활동으로 시행된다. 사업 1년차에는 주민교육, 마을 환경진단 및 사업시행계획 등을 수립하고 2∼5년차엔 개인 및 공동활동 이행 및 실적평가를 통해 이행활동에 대한 인센티브를 주민에게 지급한다. 농업환경보전프로그램 사업의 성과는 참여주민 인식도 변화, 농업분야 생물다양성 및 생태환경 보전·개선효과, 온실가스 감축효과 등 3가지 항목으로 평가하고 있다. 주민 인식도 조사는 사업대상지별 사업추진 실적 및 성과를 평가·분석하기 위해 참여 주민을 대상으로 사업진행에 따른 인식도 변화를 평가한다. 평가지표는 참여자 주체의 역량, 행정적 지원체계, 계획수립 및 활동실천, 성과 관리 등 총 4개 영역에 29개 지표로 구성되어 있다. 평가는 1년차 마을을 대상으로 사업시행 전·후 2회 조사하고 2년차 마을부터는 매년 동일한 시기(11월)에 조사하여 참여주민의 인식도 변화 추이를 모니터링 하고 있다. 인식도 조사결과는 종합접수를 100%로 환산하고 그 결과에 따 라 40% 이하는 사업 준비단계, 70% 이하는 육성단계, 70% 이상은 사업의 안착단계로 평가하고 있다. 전국 65개 시행지구 중 ‘20년에 사업을 시행하고 있는 25개 마을의 참여주민 868명을 대상으로 사업의 인식도 변화를 조사한 결과, 사업시행 전(’20.3월), 사업시행 10개월 후, 2년 후의 변화가 각각 19.7%(준비), 51.8%(육성), 64.1%(육성)로 나타났다. 사업 1∼2년차에 교육시행 등으로 사업이해도가 점차적으로 높아지는 것을 경향을 보이고 있었으며 사업 2년차까지는 주민들의 역량이 아직 육성단계 나타나 사업이 안착되고 주민들 스스로 이끌어 가기 위해서는 지속적인 교육과 홍보 노력이 필요한 것으로 평가되었다. 그에 따른 연차별 인식도 조사방법에 대한 후속연구가 필요하다.