A study on forming a spacer for wafer-level CIS(CMOS Image Sensor) assembly

김일환,나경환,김현철,전국진,Kim, Il-Hwan,Na, Kyoung-Hwan,Kim, Hyeon-Cheol,Chun, Kuk-Jin The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2008 電子工學會論文誌-CI (Computer and Information) Vol.45 No.2

본 논문에서는 CMOS 이미지 센서의 웨이퍼 레벨 어셈블리를 위한 스페이스 제작 방법을 설명하였다. 스페이스 제작을 위해서 SU-8, PDMS, Si-interposer를 이용하는 세 가지 방법을 제안하였다. SU-8 스페이스에서는 균일한 두께 특성을 위해서 웨이퍼 회전 장치를 고안했으며, PDMS 스페이스에서는 glass/PDMS/glass 구조의 정렬 접합을 위해서 새로운 접합 방법을 제안하였다. Si-interposer를 이용한 스페이스 제작에서는 DRF을 이용한 접합 조건을 확립하였다. 세 가지의 실험 결과 Si-interposer를 이용한 스페이스 제작 시 glass/스페이스/glass 구조의 접합력이 가장 뛰어났으며, 접합력의 크기는 32.3MPa의 전단응력을 나타내었다. This paper describes the methods of spacer-fabrication for wafer-level CIS(CMOS Image Sensor) assembly. We propose three methods using SU-8, PDMS and Si-interposer for the spacer-fabrication. For SU-8 spacer, novel wafer rotating system is developed and for PDMS(poly-dimethyl siloxane) spacer, new fabrication-method is used to bond with alignment of glass/PDMS/glass structure. And for Si-interposer, DFR(Dry Film Resist) is used as adhesive layer. The spacer using Si-interposer has the strongest bonding strength and the strength is 32.3MPa with shear.

Chlamydophila psittaci에 감염된 앵무새의 임상병리학적 특징과 원인균의 ompA 유전자 비교분석

김일환,장진욱,이수형,김대용,성원진,권혁준,김재홍,Kim, Il-Hwan,Jang, Jin-Wook,Lee, Su-Hyung,Kim, Dae-Yong,Seong, Won-Jin,Kwon, Hyuk-Joon,Kim, Jae-Hong 대한수의학회 2012 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.52 No.3

Avian chlamydiosis is caused by Chlamydophila psittaci and considered as one of an important zoonotic disease throughout the world. Among more than 400 avian species including poultry and pet birds susceptible to the disease, psittacine birds were known to be mostly susceptible hosts. In Korea, no outbreak of the disease and genetic analysis of the agent in poultry and pet birds have been reported. With histopathological findings and genetic identification of a causative agent, avian chlamydiosis was identified in parrots submitted from the same pet bird farm in 2006 and 2009 for the diagnosis. Based on genetic sequences and phylogenetic analysis of ompA gene, the two isolates of Chlamydophila psittaci showed 100% of genetic similarity and belonged to genotype A, suggesting that the same agent might be continuously circulated in the farm. This result indicates that serological survey of the disease in pet bird farms and impact of the disease on significance in public health may be further studied.

조선 말기 璿源續譜 발간경위와 정치적 의미

김일환(Il-Hwan Kim) 순천향대학교 인문학연구소 2010 순천향 인문과학논총 Vol.27 No.-

조선왕조는 오랫동안 왕실의 권위를 높이고 혈통을 밝히기 위해 왕실족보 편찬 작업을 진행해 왔다. 그 동안 璿源錄을 비롯한 다양한 형태의 왕실족보가 출현하였다. 그 중 璿源續譜는 19세기 철종 말부터 시작하여 고종 초에 걸쳐 왕실인 전주 이씨의 대동보 발간을 목적으로 종친부에서 주관하여 제군왕자들을 파조로 하여 만든 왕실족보이다. 璿源續譜는 조선왕조 족보에서 가장 늦게 나타난 족보이다. 이 족보는 110개 이상 派譜를 종합하였으며, 수록인원도 11만 명이 넘을 정도로 그 규모가 방대하고 여러 차례 改刊하면서 많은 인원과 물력을 동원하여 편찬하였다. 대동보의 편찬은 정조 때부터 주장되었지만 종부시의 반대로 무산되었는데 철종과 고종조에 발간된 璿源續譜는 그 의미가 특별하였다. 安東金氏의 오랜 세도정권으로 영락한 왕실 방계인들이 璿派로서의 군역과 잡역의 면제라는 사회적 특권을 지켜내려는 노력의 결과이기 때문이다. 이것을 주도한 사람은 흥선 대원군 이하응이었다. 따라서 璿源續譜의 발간은 처음에 선파들의 군역, 잡역을 면해주기 위한 증빙자료로서 기능하였지만, 점차 속보발간을 통한 문중의식의 고양을 통해 종친세력을 결집시키고 이를 통해 왕실의 족적 기반을 강화하겠다는 흥선대원군의 정치적 의도가 더 크게 작용하였던 것이다. 그러나 처음에 선원속보의 발간은 여러 가지 많은 난관을 만나 수월하게 진행되지 못했다. 그러나 고종이 즉위하고 대원군이 권력을 장악한 후 종부시를 폐지하고 종친부에 통합하여 수차례에 걸쳐 이루어진 속간, 개수 작업으로 새로 등재되는 선파인이 많아 뒤로 갈수록 璿源續譜에 속한 파와 인원은 크게 늘어났다. 이것은 왕실이 쇠락한 조선조 말기에 종친을 왕실의 藩屛으로 삼아 선파들의 족적 기반을 바탕으로 정치적 입지를 넓혀보려는 대원군과 고종의 정치적 의도가 더 중요했다고 할 수 있다. The Chosun Dynasty proceeded to publish a Genealogy of royal family to strengthen their dignity and find out their bloodline for a long time. In korean history, a wide variety of Genealogies of royal family which includes "Sunwonrok"(선원록 in Korean) is presented. One of many Genealogies was "Sunwonsokbo"(선원속보 in Korean). It was a Genealogy of royal family that was published by Lee family who has purpose to publish Daedongbo in Cheon-joo from King. Chul jong dynasty in 19th century to King. Ko jong dynasty early. "Sunwonsokbo"(선원속보 in Korean) is the latter Genealogy in history of Chosun dynasty. That includes over Genealogy of 110 families. In addition, scale of that book is so huge, for example, 11 million people was contained in that. After then, Genealogy was made by many people's effort,support and revising many times. Publising Daedongbo (대동보 in Korean) is started from King. Jung Jo dynasty but it is canceled by other government office "Jongbusi(종부시 in Korean)". However, meaning of "Sunwonsokbo"(선원속보 in Korean) that was made in from King. Chul jong dynasty in 19th century to King. Ko jong dynasty early was so special. Because It is a consequence of effort to protect social privilege(Military service and complimentary labor) as other bloods of Lee family who was fallen from dynasty of Kim's family used an authorities. Lee Ha Eung called "Regent-Prince Heungseon Daewon-gun" led it. Therefore, publishing "Sunwonsokbo"(선원속보 in Korean) is used as a reference to exempt from Military service and complimentary labor at first time, but It changed to use as his political intention that made their families put together by intensifying sense of families and strengthen basis of dynasty through publishing next editions. In spite of this intention, publishing "Sunwonsokbo"(선원속보 in Korean) didn't proceed well due to many difficulties. After Ko Jong became a king and Lee Ha Eung took a power, They abolished other government office "Jongbusi(종부시 in Korean)", members of "Sunwonsokbo"(선원속보 in Korean) were increased by consolidating, revising, publishing temporarily. It is more important that both Ko Jong and Regent-Prince Heungseon Daewon-gun broaden their political position that is based in basis of other bloods of Lee family in late chosun dynasty was fallen.

인진호가 Hep G2 세포에서 에탄올 매개성 Cytokine 분비에 미치는 영향

심정섭,김일환,김강산,강병기,최수덕,Sim, Jung-Sub,Kim, Il-Hwan,Kim, Gang-San,Kagn, Byung-Ki,Choi, Su-Deock 대한한방내과학회 2001 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.22 No.1

A human hepatoma cell line, Hep G2 cells, is reliable for the study of alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\alpha}$ production and EtOH-induced cytotoxicity on Hep G2 cells. The cells were incubated with EtOH in the presence of Artemisia Capillaris Herba(AC) for 24 hours and in the absence of AC for 48 hours. Cytoviability and cytokines release were analyzed by MTT assay and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. After 24 hours of EtOH exposure, the cytoviability had markedly decreased, and the release of cytokines had increased. The increased amount of cytokines contributed to EtOH-induced cytotoxicity. Anti-TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-$1{\alpha}$ antibodies almost abolished it. Interestingly, EtOH-induced cytotoxicity and cytokines production were inhibited by AC. Moreover, when AC was used in combination with antibodies, there was a marked inhibition of EtOH-induced cytotoxicity. These results suggest that EtOH-induced cytotoxicity may regulate, by various factors, and AC may prevent the cytotoxicity through partial inhibition of the $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-$1{\alpha}$ secretion.

김남천 소설의 어휘 사용 양상에 대한 계량적 연구

문한별(Han Byoul Moon),김일환(Il Hwan Kim) 한국현대소설학회 2011 현대소설연구 Vol.- No.48

This paper aims to investigate characteristics of use of lexical items in Kim, Namcheon`s novels based on quantitative and statistical approach. It is well known that trends of Kim`s novel have seriously changed after KAPF was dismissed. However there are few researches how this kind of changes can be affected in his novels concretely. It is expected that quantitative approaches on Kim`s novels are able to overcome this kinds of limit. Especially in this paper, in order to analyze his novels, first, we developed his 17 representative novels to raw corpus, and then annotated linguistic information, part-of-speech to the corpus. From the annotated corpus, we can get the frequencies of words(nouns) by works and part-of-speeches. However even most frequent words in the text are not always meaningful to analyze the text. So statistical verification as a t-score must be applied in the process of extracting keywords. As a result we are able to find some keywords in 17 texts explicitly and trends of Kim`s novels are explained by year and work in a successful way.

진한가열증(眞寒假熱證)을 보인 소음인(少陰人) 망양증(亡陽證) 환자(患者) 치험(治驗) 1례(例)

김일환,박혜선,이상민,김효수,Kim, Il-Hwan,Park, Hye-Sun,Lee, Sang-Min,Kim, Hyo-Soo 사상체질의학회 2005 사상체질의학회지 Vol.17 No.3

1. Objectives This case is aimed to verify the relation of Soeurnin Mang-yang Syndrome and Cold Syndrome with pseudo-heat syndrome. 2. Methods The patient has high fever, general body sweating, thirst and constipitation is diagnosed as Soeumin Mang-yang Syndrome. Mang-yang Syndrome one of the symptoms in the Exterior Febrile Disease induced from the Kidney affected by Heat in Soeumin(少陰人) marked by spontaneous sweating and fever with chills. This syndrome is similar to Cold syndrome with pseudo-heat symptoms in general symptoms and pathologic process. Therefore, We medicate Doksampalmul-tang to this patient who diagnosed as Soeumin Mang-yang Syndrome. 3. Results and Conclusions The symptoms that the patient has fever, sweating, thirst and constipitation are solved after the medication. This means recovery of Yang-Energy in Kidney and the spleen.

HMM 기반의 한국어 음성합성에서 음색변환에 관한 연구

김일환,배건성,Kim, Il-Hwan,Bae, Keun-Sung 대한음성학회 2008 말소리 Vol.68 No.-

A statistical parametric speech synthesis system based on the hidden Markov models (HMMs) has grown in popularity over the last few years, because it needs less memory and low computation complexity and is suitable for the embedded system in comparison with a corpus-based unit concatenation text-to-speech (TTS) system. It also has the advantage that voice characteristics of the synthetic speech can be modified easily by transforming HMM parameters appropriately. In this paper, we present experimental results of voice characteristics conversion using the HMM-based Korean speech synthesis system. The results have shown that conversion of voice characteristics could be achieved using a few sentences uttered by a target speaker. Synthetic speech generated from adapted models with only ten sentences was very close to that from the speaker dependent models trained using 646 sentences.

농정 소식-농업용수 수질개선사업

김일환,Kim, Il-Hwan 한국관개배수위원회 2007 한국관개배수회지 Vol.37 No.-

축합인산염이 밥의 노화속도에 미치는 영향

김일환,이규환,김성곤,Kim, Il-Hwan,Lee, Kyu-Han,Kim, Sung-Kon 한국식품과학회 1985 한국식품과학회지 Vol.17 No.4

축합인산염 (57% $P_2O_5$함량)을 맵쌀(아끼바레 및 밀양30호)과 찹쌀(올찰)에 0.3%(w/w)첨가하고, 밥의 노화속도에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 아끼바레 및 밀양30호의 경우 시간상수(노화속도 상수의 역수)는 인산염의 첨가시 각각 1.22 및 1.53배 증가하였으며, 찹쌀밥의 경우에는 변화가 없었다. 인산염은 밥의 저장중 노화될 수 있는 물질의 양을 감소시켰으며, 인산염의 첨가시 아끼바레 및 밀양30호 찰밥은 대조구에 비하여 각각 86.6% 및 73%가 노화되었다. The effect of a polyphosphate having $P_2O_5$ content of 67% on the firming rate of nonwaxy (Akibare and Milyang 30) and waxy cooked rice stored at room temperature was investigated. The phosphate retarded the firming rate of Akibare and Milyang 30 by 14.0 and 27:00, respectively. The phosphate reduced the starch components available for crystallization of cooked nonwaxy rice. The phosphate exerted no effect on the firming rate of cooked waxy rice.

Structure, Thermal Stability, and Mechanical Modulus of Polylactide Nanocomposites Reinforced with Organically Modified Layered Silicate

김일환,정영규,Kim, Il-Hwan,Jeong, Young Gyu The Korean Fiber Society 2012 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.49 No.4

We have manufactured polylactide (PLA) nanocomposites reinforced with layered silicates by the melt compounding method and have investigated their structure, thermal stability under oxygen or nitrogen atmosphere, and temperature-dependent mechanical modulus by adopting XRD, SEM, TGA, and DMA. Octadecylammonium-modified montmorillonite (organo-MMT) is used as an organically modified layered silicate and, for comparison, sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT) is adopted as a purely inorganic layered silicate. X-ray diffraction patterns and SEM images confirm that the organo-MMT is intercalated and dispersed homogenously in the PLA matrix, whereas Na-MMT remains unchanged by forming agglomerated domains in the matrix. Unlike the PLA/Na-MMT nanocomposites, the thermal stability of PLA/organo-MMT nanocomposites is found to be substantially improved with the increment of organo-MMT content, especially under oxygen gas atmosphere. In addition, the mechanical modulus of PLA/organo-MMT nanocomposites in the glassy state are highly improved.