효과적인 의사소통 기술

김인자,Kim In-Ja 한국공학기술학회 1999 공학교육과 기술 Vol.6 No.3

노인의 인지기능과 구강건강상태의 관련성: 고령화연구패널조사(Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging)를 중심으로

김인자,문희정,Kim, In-Ja,Moon, Hee-Jung 한국치위생학회 2022 한국치위생학회지 Vol.22 No.5

Objectives: This study aimed to confirm the association between cognitive function and oral health status in the elderly. Methods: In this study, 5,794 respondents, aged 55 or older, who had participated in the 7th aging research panel survey were used. Statistical analyses were performed using a complex samples cross-tabulation analysis, complex samples general linear model, and a complex sample multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results: After analyzing the cognitive function of the elderly according to their oral health conditions, it was found that suspicions of dementia (19.6%) and cognitive function decline (25.9%) were more common for those who wore dentures than for those who did not wear dentures (p<0.001). Compared to those who did not wear dentures, those who wore dentures were linked to a 1.665 times higher suspicion of dementia (p<0.001). In comparison, cognitive decline was 0.964 times lower when the number of natural teeth increased by 1, and it was 0.941 times lower when the oral health evaluation index for the elderly increased by 1 point (p<0.001). Conclusions: As a result of this study, it was confirmed that cognitive function and oral health status are related in the elderly. Therefore, systematic measures for oral health management and oral health promotion should be prepared in tandem with awareness of possible cognitive decline in the elderly.

석면 비산 장비를 이용한 토양 중 석면 비산 특성 및 위해성 평가

김인자,김정욱,류현식,정명채,Kim, In Ja,Kim, Jeong-Wook,Ryu, Hyun Sik,Jung, Myung Chae 한국지하수토양환경학회 2012 지하수토양환경 Vol.17 No.5

The objective of this study is to examine a releasable asbestos sampler developed for measuring friable asbestos from soil to air controlled by wind velocity and water contents. Asbestos contaminated soil with 3.75% at the Sinsuk-asbestos mine was sampled, air-dried and sieved to 100 mesh, then homogenized during 24 hours' agitation. Various wind velocities, 1 m/s, 2 m/s, 3 m/s, and 5 m/s, were applied to evaluate releasable characteristics of the releasable asbestos sampler. In addition, soils with 1.0%, 3.4%, 4.4%, 11.0%, 16.2%, and 20.0% of water contents were also examined the amount of friable asbestos by the releasable asbestos sampler. Collected soil and air samples were analyzed by polarized light microscopy (PLM) and phase contrast microscopy (PCM), respectively. Those contents were applied to calculate an excess life cancer risk (ELCR). This study also discussed the relationship with risk assessment by a weeding scenario of activity based sampling (ABS) and field applied releasable asbestos sampler. The result was shown that friability of asbestos in soil increased with wind velocity and decreased with water content. In comparison with ELCR results, over 10E-4 of cancer risk was found in condition on < 5% water content and > 3m/s wind velocity.

불면증 최소스크리닝척도의 심리측정적 특성과 적합성 검증

김인자(Kim, Inja),김성재(Kim, Sungjae),김범종(Kim, Beomjong),최희정(Choi, Heejung) 한국간호과학회 2012 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.42 No.6

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to develop a Minimal Insomnia Screening Scale for Korean adults (KMISS) and to evaluate psychometric properties and discriminant ability of the developed scale. Methods: Data from a cross-sectional survey of 959 Korean adults were analyzed to develop the summated insomnia scale, which was evaluated in terms of reliability, validity, and discriminant ability by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis. Results: Item-total correlations ranged between .71-.79 and Cronbach’s α was .87. Adequate validity was also evident. ROC-curve analysis showed area under ROC was .87 (95% CI: .84-.90) and identified the optimal cut-off score as ≤ 20 (sensitivity, .83; specificity, .75; positive/ negative predictive values, .40/.95). Using this cut-off score, the prevalence of insomnia in the study sample was 26.3% and most frequent among women and the oldest group. Conclusion: Data supports the psychometric properties of KMISS as a possible insomnia screening instrument. KMISS also shows promise as a convenient ultra-short screening measure of insomnia for adults and epidemiological studies in community health care settings.

전라북도 일부 초등학교 교사들의 악안면 외상 응급처치에 관한 지식 및 교육 요구도

김인자 ( In Ja Kim ),이흥수 ( Heung Soo Lee ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2015 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.39 No.1

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the knowledge of elementary school teachers regarding first aid for maxillofacial trauma and the need for education on this topic in an effort to provide information for the development of teacher education programs. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 320 elementary school teachers who visited the Education and Training Center of Jeollabukdo to take training courses answered a self-administered survey. Results: We found that 38.8 percent of the elementary school teachers had witnessed the occurrence of maxillofacial trauma in students. While 53.4 percent of the teachers replied that they did not have adequate knowledge of first aid for maxillofacial trauma, only 10.7 percent reported receiving this education while they served as teachers or when they were studying to be teachers at college. The teachers who had received instruction for dealing with maxillofacial trauma as teachers or as college students were 3.6-fold more likely to report that they would provide first aid for maxillofacial trauma compared with those who had not received such training. Many teachers had incorrect knowledge about how to cope with this type of trauma, indicating the need for providing correct information to this population. Finally, 99.1 percent of the elementary school teachers considered receiving education about first aid for maxillofacial trauma necessary. Conclusions: The development of teacher education programs is required to help elementary school teachers offer appropriate first aid when maxillofacial trauma occurs.

메타평가를 이용한 지방공기업 경영평가제도의 문제점 및 개선방안 연구

김인자(Kim, In-Ja),전진석(Chun, Jin-Suk) 한국지방정부학회 2009 지방정부연구 Vol.13 No.1

This study aims to find out problems which appear in the operational process of the management performance evaluation system of the local public corporation by using Meta evaluation and suggest improvement alternatives to be able to operate the performance evaluation system in the rational and reasonable way. Meta evaluation criteria such as specificity, fairness, objectivity, reliability, acceptability, and adequacy were used with the system approach of input-evaluation-output-feedback to assess the management evaluation system. Thus this study found there were some problems in the current performance evaluation system that is now oriented to efficiency and accountability. Additionally, local public corporations are required to continuously try to improve their management performance evaluation system. 본 연구의 목적은 메타평가를 통해 지방공기업 경영평가제도의 운영 과정에서 나타나는 문제점을 파악하고, 개선방안을 도출하여 경영평가제도의 합리적인 운영과 지방공기업의 경영개선에 이바지 하고자 함이다. 이에 따라 지방공기업 경영평가제도에 대한 투입-평가-산출-환류의 체계론적 시각에서 평가의 전문성, 공정성, 객관성, 신뢰성, 수용성 그리고 적절성 등의 평가기준으로 판단하는 메타평가를 실시하였다. 그 결과 많은 인력과 자원 및 시간을 투입하여 행정의 효율성 증대와 책무성 제과는 목표를 지향하며 시행되고 있는 경영평가제도가 다양한 문제점을 내포하고 있음을 지적하여, 경영평가가 지방공기업의 경영개선을 돕는 하나의 시스템으로 정착할 수 있도록 꾸준한 관심과 끊임없는 제도 개선이 필요하다고 판단된다.

우리나라 12세 아동 영구치아 간의 우식발생 연관성

김인자 ( In-ja Kim ),이동연 ( Dong-yeon Lee ),이흥수 ( Heung-soo Lee ),오효원 ( Hyo-won Oh ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2023 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.47 No.2

Objectives: The objective of this study was to analyze dental caries incidence in the permanent teeth of 12-year-old children. Methods: This study used the raw data from the 2015 Korean children’s oral health survey. Participants of the research were 12-year-old children in their first year of middle school. A total of 27,291 people participated in the questionnaire and oral examination. Statistical analysis was performed using complex samples frequency analysis and contingency coefficient phi (φ). Results: Dental caries predominately developed symmetrically with a higher tendency for left-right symmetry than for maxillary-mandibular symmetry in the mouth. The incidence of dental caries between adjacent teeth had a statistically significant correlation and was highest in the first and second premolars. Conclusions: Information on symmetry in the development of dental caries and the association of dental caries incidence between adjacent teeth of 12-year-old children should be actively utilized when establishing evidence-based dental caries management plans.

연화향(蓮花香) 정유액이 glioma cell에 미치는 효과

김인자 ( In Ja Kim ),이주연 ( Joo Yeon Lee ),최방섭 ( Bang Seob Choi ),김근우 ( Geun Woo Kim ),구병수 ( Byung Soo Koo ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2008 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Objective : Herb medicines are potential sources of useful edible and medicinal plants. They are used as a drug because of their various biological activities such as immunomodulatory, antiviral, and antitumor functions. Nelumbo nucifera have been applied in Chinese herbal prescriptions to improve tissue inflammation. However, it has not been elucidated on the effect of the flower of Nelumbo nucifera in cells. Method : In the present study, to examine the effect of that on glioma cells, U87, the essential oil was extracted from the flower of Nelumbo nucifera (NN essential oil). U87 cells were exposed to different concentrations of 2-40 ug/ml of NN essential oil in ethanol. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay at 24 h. To find out the intracellular target signal molecule(s) for this antiproliferative activity of NN essential oil, phosphorylation of Akt, ERM, MAPK or p38 proteins were examined by Western blot analysis. To study long term effect of NN essential oil in U87 cells, the image of cells treated with NN essential oil for 4 days were obtained. Results and Conclusion :. NN essential oil was shown to exhibit antitumor activity in glioma cells, at a broad range of concentrations of 10-40 ug/ml. The phosphorylation of Akt and Endoplasmic Reticulum Matrix (ERM) proteins which known to be involved in the cell death, were gradually decreased to 2 hours after addition 20 ug/ml of NN essential oil. However, the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein (MAPK) and p38 was found to increase in NN essential oil treated cells. NN essential oil treated cells showed decreased glioma cell number. These results provide a possible NN essential oil-induced inhibitory signal for tumor cell proliferation that is initiated by the decrease in Akt activity. Moreover, it is likely that the activation of p38 is required for the NN essential oil-induced inhibition of tumor proliferation.

MPTP로 유도된 Parkinson`s disease 동물 모델을 이용한 소합향원(蘇合香元)의 신경보호 효과 및 그 작용 기전 연구

김인자 ( In Ja Kim ),이지현 ( Ji Hyun Lee ),송규주 ( Kyoo Ju Song ),구병수 ( Byung Soo Koo ),김근우 ( Geun Woo Kim ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2012 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.23 No.1

Objectives : To evaluate the neuroprotective effects of the essential oil from Sohaphwangwon (SH), a Chinese traditional medicinal prescription in a Parkinson`s disease mouse model. Methods : 1. The neuroprotective effect of SH on primary neuronal cells was examined by using 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+). 2. The neuroprotective effect of SH was examined in a Parkinson`s disease mouse model. C57BL/6 mice treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP, 30 mg/kg/day), intraperitoneal (i.p.) for 5 days. SH inhalation was applied before MPTP treatment for 7 days and continued until 12 days after the first MPTP treatment. 3. To find out the intracellular target signal molecule(s) regarding the neuroprotective effect of SH essential oil, brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) and synaptic protein SNAP25 were examined by Western blot analysis. Results : 1. MPP+ induced a concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability. However, in the presence of 3 and 5 ug/ml of SH, MPP+-induced cell death was significantly reduced. 2. SH inhalation in MPTP mice led to the restoration of behavioral impairment and rescued tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive dopaminergic neurodegeneration. 3. In SH / MPTP mice, BDNF and SNAP25 increased. Conclusions : This experiment suggests that the neuroprotective effect of SH essential oil is mediated by the expression of BDNF. Furthermore, SH essential oil may serve as a potential preventive or therapeutic agent regarding Parkinson`s disease.

한국 청소년의 영구치면 우식경험양상

김인자 ( In Ja Kim ),주현정 ( Hyun Jeong Ju ),이선호 ( Sun Ho Lee ),이흥수 ( Heung Soo Lee ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2015 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.39 No.4

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the patterns of dental caries experience on the tooth surface of Korean adolescents of the ages of 12 and 15 years. Methods: The raw data from the 2012 Korean National Oral Health Survey were reviewed, and the records of a total of 10,542 adolescents were analyzed in this study. The surfaces of the 28 permanent teeth were categorized into the occlusal, smooth, and proximal surface types. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, multidimensional scaling analysis, and cluster analysis were performed to analyze the data. Results: The analysis of the relationship of the dental caries experience on the tooth surfaces between the oral quadrants revealed that the correlation between the surface relationship of the left and right teeth was higher than that between the upper and lower teeth, in all of the quadrants. As a result of multidimensional scling analysis, the adolescents aged 12 were classified into six clusters: occlusal surface of mandibular first molars, occlusal surface of maxillary first molars, smooth surface of maxillary first molars, smooth surface of mandibular first molars, occlusal surface of mandibular second molars and the rest of tooth surface. Similarly, the dental surfaces of the 15-year-old adolescents were classified into seven clusters: occlusal surface of the mandibular first molars, occlusal surface of the maxillary first molars, smooth surface of the first molars, occlusal surface of the mandibular second molars, occlusal surface of the maxillary second molars, smooth surface of the mandibular second molars, and the surfaces of the. The patterns of caries experience are usually clustered on the same types of tooth surfaces; for example, patterns on an occlusal surface clustered with those on another occlusal surface, or patterns on a smooth surface with those on another smooth surface. Conclusions: Knowledge about the caries patterns on the tooth surfaces might be useful for the prevention and management of dental caries.