「멜젤의 체스 플레이어」: 과학, 사기술, 그리고 대중

김이은(Lee Eun Kim) 한국아메리카학회 2020 美國學論集 Vol.52 No.3

This paper aims to examine the public opinion towards the development of technology by focusing on Edgar Allan Poe’s essay, Maelzel s Chess Player.” The so-called automaton catches the attention of the general public, and produces countless speculations on its mechanical operation. While watching the chess play between the randomly chosen opponent and the automaton, the spectators have brief moments of belief in the automaton, and its ability to emulate human logic and complex thinking. Thus, it will be explored how the spectators appreciate scientific achievements and the social reality to which they belong are represented through the performance. Poe encourages the spectators and readers to penetrate the combination of science and trickery with the help of deductive reasoning. In “Von Kempelen and His Discovery,” Poe addresses the unrealistic and almost unimaginable scientific discovery, alchemy, by seemingly reliable narrator as realistically as possible. I will trace how Poe alerts the readers to think over and filter out the scientific information they have consumed without any discretion.

호손의 아동문학에 드러난 아동, 교육, 가정성

김이은(Lee Eun Kim) 한국아메리카학회 2015 美國學論集 Vol.47 No.1

This paper aims at assessing Nathaniel Hawthorn's portrayal of the children in his three short stories considering the concept of the children, the change of pedagogical ways, domestic ideology, and nationalism in the 1820s. It is hard to define children's literature because it is not simply for the children, but reflects the complicated social layers in more subtle ways. The cultural climate which nurtured an virtuous and exemplary adult as a citizen of the incipient republic accelerates an atmosphere equally conducive to the new pedagogy for the young. The young children should be educated to grow up to be a good adult with the help of a sympathetic and compassionate mother who is responsible for children's socialization. Hawthorne presents an angelic little girl, Annie, in "Little Annie's Ramble" and a frustrated flower-like boy, Daffydowndilly in "Little Daffydowndilly." Even though the two short stories employ the same structure, in which the children that have left home come back after experiencing the world, the gap between the experience of Annie and that of Daffydowndilly is enormous. This paper explores such extremely opposite experiences based on social expectations according to gender and domesticity. The domestic ideology divides the men and women and impose different attributes to make an ideal wife and a capable husband. In a competitive capitalistic society, women are expected to create an ideal home providing comfort, rest and regeneration to the men working hard in the materialistic world. The society based on gender roles inevitably ends in different pedagogy, as shown in Annie and Daffydowndilly. Hawthorne criticizes the contemporary pedagogy leading to the creation of the bleak house composed of a domineering father and an anglic mother in "The Snow-Image." By examining the Lindsey family which is more likely to be composed of the grown-ups, Annie and Daffydowndilly, this paper shows how Hawthorne reveals the falsity of angelic motherhood and wrong-headed education.

『일곱 박공의 집』

김이은(Lee Eun Kim) 19세기영어권문학회 2014 19세기 영어권 문학 Vol.18 No.1

This paper aims at tracing the inherited Puritan past casting a deep gloom over the House of the seven gables and its residents and examining Hawthome’s intention to demonstrate the community as what really is. In Puritan rhetoric, religious zeal and secular prosperity are closely interrelated because God’s blessing is embodied in earthly wealth. This unique rhetoric highlights Puritan hypocrisy when Puritans exclude, oppress and take advantage of the marginalized in the name of religion or God’s providence. In The House of the Seven Gables, Hawthorne deals with a 150-year-long American history through the family feud of the Pyncheons and the Maules. Interestingly, Hawthorne puts an impoverished and isolated old spinster, Hepzibah Pyncheon in the center instead of Jaffrey Pyncheon, the legitimate Puritan descendant. As a protagonist, Hepzibah also stands for the majority struggling to live in this capitalistic society. Hawthorne portrays the pivotal values in this community through the malicious assumptions and intruding gossips about Hepzibah and Clifford. What is more, in exploring the history, the narrator depends on the gossips, legends, rumors and traditions as ‘contrary averments’ to the recorded documents. Through this process, Hawthorne reveals the multi-layered truth of the person or the events by criss-crossing both ways of transmitting the past. In spite of a happy ending, there still remains disharmony, indifference and diversity in Salem community with more meanings and significance in contrast to the so-called or assumed homogeneous America.

『신용사기꾼: 그의 가장극』: 신뢰를 상실한 시대에서 신뢰 찾기

김이은 ( Lee Eun Kim ) 한국근대영미소설학회 2014 근대 영미소설 Vol.21 No.3

This paper aims at analyzing Melville`s The Confidence Man: His Masquerade, the last long piece of prose fiction, putting the word “confidence” and “masquerade” in the center. Since the publication, The Confidence Man has been probably the hardest nut to crack among Melville`s novels because it deals with a broad variety of issues including epistemological problems, slavery, and experimental work for the author, while addressing criticism towards the readers who have misunderstood his works. In addition, he criticizes all the aspects of American society in the nineteenth century, expecially the westward movement and “Empire for Liberty,” which is the propaganda in Jefferson`s era. For this purpose, Melville strangely employs the confidence man to highlight the moral bankruptcy of forefathers` faith animated by the Wall Street spirit. Melville allows the confidence man to prey upon gullible or greedy passengers, who make his existence and knavery possible. The gullible passengers are engrossed in showing their confidence and sympathy to others by tangible assets, such as money. Melville debunks an avowed reality full of rosy rhetorics like charity, confidence, and empire for the liberty and reveals the underside of the official history. However, he ends in seeking the possible bond among the strange, isolated and confidence-seeking common men. Living in the post-heroic world, the passengers as a posterity feel burdened by the legacy of the idealized forefathers. Through the masquerade of the confidence-man Melville tries to seek the possibility in building the ties in a selfish, uprooted, and fragmented society focusing on the functions of the masquerade. Simultaneously, he attempts to build the tie with his contemporary readers.

스마트관광 생태계 구축요인에 대한 관광기업과 IT기업 간의 상호지향성 분석

김이은(Kim, Ei-Eun),이상호(Lee, Sang-Ho) 한국관광레저학회 2021 관광레저연구 Vol.33 No.6

지역 스마트관광 생태계 구축을 위한 정책 우선순위 분석

김이은(Kim, Ei-Eun),박재홍(Park, Jae-Hong),이상호(Lee, Sang-Ho) 한국관광레저학회 2020 관광레저연구 Vol.32 No.12

가시여지잎(Annona muricata L.) 에탄올 추출물과 조다당 분획분의 면역활성 비교

김이은(Yi-Eun Kim),이정희(Joeng-Hee Lee),성낙윤(Nak-Yun Sung),안동현(Dong-Hyun Ahn),변의홍(Eui-Hong Byun) 한국식품과학회 2017 한국식품과학회지 Vol.49 No.4

본 연구는 가시여지 잎 에탄올 추출물(ALE) 및 조다당 추출물(ALP)의 면역 활성에 관하여 비교하기 위하여, 선천 및 적응면역에서 중추적인 역할을 수행하는 큰포식세포에 ALE 및 ALP를 처리하여 세포 증식률, 산화질소 분비능, 사이토카인(종양괴사인자, IL-6, IL-1β) 분비능 및 기전 분석을 통한 신호전달에 관하여 관찰하였다. ALE 및 ALP를 큰포식세포에 처리하여 면역활성에 관하여 비교하였을 때, 큰포식세포 면역활성의 바이오-마커인 산화질소, 사이토카인의 분비능 및 iNOS의 세포내 발현이 ALP 처리구에서 유의적으로 증가되는 것으로 관찰되었으며, 기전분석 결과, ALP의 처리는 MPAKs의 인산화 및 NF-κB의 핵내 이동성을 증가시켜 면역활성을 증가시키는 것으로 관찰되었다. 따라서, ALP의 높은 면역활성은 MPAKs의 인산화 및 NF-κB의 활성과 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 판단된다. This study compared the immuno-modulatory effects of ethanol extracts (A. muricata L. ethanol extracts, ALE) and crude polysaccharide fraction (A. muricata L. crude polysaccharide fraction, ALP) from Annona muricata L. in macrophages. Immuno-modulatory activity was determined by assessing cell viability, nitric oxide (NO) production, inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression and cytokine production in RAW 264.7 a macrophage cell line. Both ALE and ALP treatment did not affect cytotoxicity, and ALP treatment significantly increased NO production. Additionally, cytokine production [tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α; 2909.04±4.1 pg/mL), interleukin (IL)-6; 662.84±5.3 pg/mL, and IL-1β; 852.37±2.2 pg/mL), was highly increased in the ALP (250 μg/mL) treated group compared to the ALE (250 μg/mL) treated group (TNF-α; 1564.50±6.1 pg/mL, IL-6; 517.24±4.1 pg/mL and IL-1β; 237.23±1.8 pg/mL). Moreover, ALP treatment considerably increased the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) and nuclear factor-κB (NF- κB) in the macrophages. Therefore, ALP can induce macrophage activation through MAPK and NF-κB signaling and this can be a potential candidate for development of nutraceuticals.

수확시기별 구기자 잎 및 열매 추출물의 항산화 및 항염증 활성 효과 비교

조은지(Eun-Ji Cho),김이은(Yi-Eun Kim),이다은(Da-Eun Lee),성낙윤(Nak-Yun Sung),변의홍(Eui-Hong Byun),박원종(Won-Jong Park) 한국식품영양과학회 2018 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.47 No.7

본 연구는 구기엽 및 구기자의 항산화 활성에 미치는 재배시기의 영향을 알아보기 위하여 시기를 달리하여 재배된 시료를 비교 평가하기 위하여 수행되었다. 재배 시기에 따른 구기엽 및 구기자를 천연물의 항산화 지표인 총 폴리페놀, 플라보노이드의 항산화 성분의 함량과 DPPH와 ABTS 라디칼 소거 활성 및 환원력을 평가했을 때 재배 시기별로 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 이러한 항산화 효과가 LPS에 의해 유도된 대식세포 염증모델에서 염증을 억제하는지 알아보기 위하여 재배 시기별 구기엽 및 구기자를 병용처리했을 때 세포독성 및 사이토카인(TNF-α, IL-6 및 IL-1β)의 분비능을 억제하는 것을 비교 확인하였다. 구기엽은 재배 시기가 빠를수록 항산화능 및 항염증 효과가 높게 나타났으며, 구기자는 재배 시기가 늦을수록 항산화능 및 항염증 효과가 높은 것으로 나타났다. This study examined the change in the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of Lycium chinense leaves and fruits extracts according to the harvest time. The antioxidant activity was tested by a radical scavenging activity, reducing power, total polyphenol contents, and total flavonoid contents. The anti-inflammatory activity was tested in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammation model (RAW 264.7) by examining the inhibition of cytokine (tumor necrosis factor: TNF-α, interleukin: IL-6, IL-1β) production. In the case of the antioxidant activity, the Lycium chinense leaf (LCL) extracts showed the highest radical scavenging activity and reducing power when harvested in May, and the Lycium chinense fruit (LCF) extracts showed the highest radical scavenging activity and reducing power when harvested in December. In the case of anti-inflammation activity, the LCL (less than 500 μg/mL) and LCF (less than 1,000 μg/mL) treatments did not induce cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7. The cytokine (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) inhibition activity by the LCL and LCF treatment showed the highest levels when harvested in May and December. Therefore, the optimal harvest times for Lycium chinense leaves and fruits to obtain rich physiological components with high antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities may be in May and December.

새싹보리 잎, 뿌리 및 줄기 에탄올 추출물의 항산화 활성 및 신경세포 보호 효과 비교

변의홍(Eui-Hong Byun),김광욱(Kwangwook Kim),김이은(Yi-Eun Kim),조은지(Eun-Ji Cho),민희숙(Hee-Suk Min),이정현(Jeong-Hyeon Lee),조규성(Gyu-Seong Cho),윤우정(Woo Jung Yoon),김병천(Byung Chean Kim),안동현(Dong-Hyun Ahn),박원종(Won-Jong P 한국식품영양과학회 2018 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.47 No.10

새싹보리는 보리(Hordeum vulgare L.) 종자에서 발생한 싹을 키워 발아한 지 일주일 정도 된 어린 보리이며 완전히 자란 보리보다 기능성 물질을 다량 함유하고 있다고 알려져 있다. 이런 새싹보리의 부위별 생리활성 연구는 많이 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 새싹보리의 잎, 뿌리, 줄기에탄올 추출물의 총 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드 함량, 항산화활성 및 신경세포 보호 효과에 관하여 비교하였다. 천연물 항산화력의 지표물질인 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량은 새싹보리의 뿌리, 줄기보다 잎에서 더욱 높게 측정되었으며, 새싹보리 잎이 DPPH, ABTS 라디칼 소거능 및 환원력 평가에서도 뿌리, 줄기보다 더 높은 항산화 활성을 관찰되었다. 또한, 새싹보리 잎, 뿌리 및 줄기의 신경세포 보호 효과를 확인하기 위해 H₂O₂로 산화적 스트레스를 유도하여 세포 독성, SOD 활성 및 MDA level을 확인한 결과, 새싹보리 잎에서 세포 생존율 증가, SOD 활성 증가 및 MDA level감소가 가장 높게 관찰되었다. 이는 새싹보리의 잎이 다른 부위인 뿌리, 줄기보다 천연 항산화 소재와 신경세포 보호소재로 개발될 가능성이 월등히 높다는 것을 보여주고 있다. It is believed that barley sprouts (Hordeum vulgare L.) have antioxidant, lipid metabolic, anti-cancer, and anti-fatty liver formation effects; however, no studies have been conducted to confirm this. Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare the leaf, root, and stem extracts of barley sprouts in terms of their total polyphenol contents, flavonoid contents, antioxidant activities, and neuroprotective effects. To accomplish this, barley sprout leaves, roots, and stems were individually extracted using ethanol. The highest levels of total polyphenols and total flavonoids were observed in barley sprout leaf extract. Similarly, antioxidant activities resulted in radical scavenging activities [2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] and reduced power increased significantly in the extract of barley sprout leaves. In addition, barley sprout leaves, roots, and stems significantly increased cell viability in H₂O₂-treated HT22 cells. Further, barley sprout leaves increased superoxide dismutase activity and decreased the malonaldehyde level. In conclusion, these results indicate that leaves of barley sprouts can be used as a new natural antioxidant source and that they have the potential to prevent and treat neuro-degenerative diseases.

증강현실과 게임기능을 갖는 모바일 화학 실험 도구 패키지

손아영(Son Ah-Young),한재철(Han Jae-Cheol),김희아(Kim Hee-Ah),김이은(Kim Yi-Eun),이부형(Boo-Hyung Lee) 한국정보기술학회 2020 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2020 No.10