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성인 남성에서 골밀도와 관련된 생화학적 지표 및 생활습관 요인
김은해,조희경,조동영,권혁중,최재경,임열리,도현진,김은영,오승원 대한가정의학회 2009 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.30 No.5
Background: More than half of the causes of male osteoporosis is due to secondary osteoporosis. Therefore, it is important to detect and modify its related factors. The aim of this study was to fi nd related lifestyle factors and biochemical markers with low bone mineral density (BMD) in Korean men. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed in men aged 40-69 years who visited a hospital for health checkup from January to March 2007. BMD was measured at proximal femur and lumbar spine by dual energy x-ray absorptionmetry. Lifestyle factors were estimated by a self-administered questionnaire and fasting glucose, uric acid, gamma glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, free testosterone, 25-OH vitamin D, urine deoxypyridinoline, osteocalcin were measured. Multivariate logistic regression was used to fi nd the association to the lowest tertile of BMD. Results: A total of 152 subjects were included. After multivariate analysis adjusted with age, BMI, smoking, alcohol and exercise, different factors were correlated with low bone density in each site of femoral neck and lumbar spine. Factors correlated at both sites were BMI and exercise; lower BMI and doing no exercise increased risks of low bone density. Increasing age and alcohol intake ≥ 14 drinks/week were associated with lower BMD at femoral neck. The factors associated with lower lumbar spine BMD only were lower level of uric acid and higher level of urine deoxypyridinoline. Conclusion: Different factors were associated with low bone density at femoral neck and lumbar spine in men. BMI and exercise were related in both sites; age, alcohol intake, uric acid and deoxypyridinoline were related on either site. 연구배경: 남성 골다공증은 절반 이상이 2차성 골다공증이므 로 위험요인을 확인하고 예방하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에 서는 70세 미만의 남성에서 골밀도와 관련된 생활습관 및 생 화학적 지표를 확인하고자 하였다. 방법: 2007월 1월부터 3월까지 일개 대학병원에 건강검진을 위해 방문한 40-69세의 남성 중 골밀도에 영향을 줄 수 있는 기저질환이나 약물 복용력이 없는 자를 대상으로 하였다. 자 가설문으로 흡연, 음주, 운동, 유제품 섭취빈도 및 과거력을 파 악하였고, 생화학적 지표로서 공복혈당, 요산, 감마지티, 알칼 라인포스파타아제, 크레아티닌, 유리 테스토스테론, 25-OH vitamin D, 요중 데옥시피리디놀린, 오스테오칼신을 측정하였 다. 골밀도는 DXA를 이용하여 요추와 대퇴골에서 측정하였 다. 골밀도 분포에 따른 3분위군 중 최고군과 최저군간의 특 성을 비교하였으며 단변량 분석에서 유의한 인자들을 다변량 로짓회귀분석으로 평가하였다. 결과: 총 152명의 연구대상자의 단변량 분석 결과 골밀도 상 위군과 하위 삼분위군 간에 차이를 보인 인자는 연령, 체질량 지수, 흡연, 음주량, 운동, 요산, 알칼라인포스파타아제, 크레 아티닌, 25-OH vitamin D, 데옥시피리디놀린이었다. 연령, 체 질량지수, 흡연, 음주량, 운동으로 보정한 다변량 분석 결과 대 퇴 경부와 요추 골밀도 간에는 관련 요인에 차이가 있었다. 두 부위에 공통적으로 관련된 요인은 체질량지수, 운동이었고, 체질량지수가 낮을수록, 비운동군인 경우 두 부위의 골밀도 가 유의하게 낮았다. 두 요인 외에도 대퇴 경부에서는 연령이 증가할수록, 주 14잔 이상 음주를 하는 경우 골밀도가 유의하 게 낮았다. 요추에서는 공통 요인 외에도 요산이 낮을수록, 데 옥시피리디놀린이 높을수록 골밀도가 낮았다. 결론: 성인 남성에서 대퇴 경부와 요추의 골밀도에 영향을 주 는 요인에는 차이가 있었다. 두 부위에 공통적으로 관련된 요 인은 체질량지수, 운동이었고 한 부위에만 관련성을 보인 요 인은 연령, 음주량, 요산, 데옥시피리디놀린이었다.
한약처방제의 인체 위암 세포주에 대한 세포독성 효과에 관한 연구
김은해,은영아,강봉주,성현제,박갑주,Kim, Eun-Hae,Eun, Young-Ah,Kang, Bong-Joo,Sung, Hyun-Jae,Park, Kap-Joo 한국생약학회 1997 생약학회지 Vol.28 No.4
ln order to search for antigastric cancer agents from Korean traditional prescriptions. We selected 41 traditional prescriptions, based on a review of the Korean traditional medicine books. Both boiling water and methanol extracts were tested, by means of the Sulforhodamine B (SRB) protein assay. Six of the 41 water extracts; #3, #34, #35, #38, #40, #41 showed efficacy against gastric cancer cell (AGS: Human gastric carcinoma, ATCC HTB 103). #3 inhibited 50% cancer cell growth1 at the concentration of $152\;{\mu}g/ml$, #34, #35, #38, #40 and #41 inhibited 50% cancer cell growth at the concentration of $145\;{\mu}g/ml$, $129\;{\mu}g/ml$, $173\;{\mu}g/ml$, $10\;{\mu}g/ml$ and $19\;{\mu}g/ml$ respectively. Ten of the 41 methanol extracts; #1, #3, #32, #33, #35, #36, #37, #38, #41 were active. #1 inhibited 50% cancer cell growth at the concentration of $206\;{\mu}g/ml$, #3, #32, #33, #35, #36, #37, 738, #40, #41 inhibited 50% cancer cell growth at the concentration of $133\;{\mu}g/ml$, $159\;{\mu}g/ml$, $199\;{\mu}g/ml$, $147\;{\mu}g/ml$, $113\;{\mu}g/ml$, $187\;{\mu}g/ml$, $130\;{\mu}g/ml$, $9\;{\mu}g/ml$, $15\;{\mu}g/ml$ respectively. Prescription #3, #35, #38, #40, #41 were also interesting because both methanol and water extracts were active.
김은해,전주성 숭실대학교 영재교육연구소 2019 Global Creative Leader Vol.9 No.3
The purpose of this research was to investigate the mediating effects of self-differentiation on the relationship between parenting attitudes and school adaptation as perceived by middle school students. The research participants were 215 middle school students located in Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea. The final data were analyzed following the procedures established by Baron & Kenny (1986). The findings of the study are as follows: First, self-differentiation partially mediated the relationship between parenting attitudes and school adaptation. Second, many of the sub-factors of self-differentiation—cognitive emotion function, family projection, emotional cutoff, and family regression—had a partial mediation effect. However, self- integration did not have a mediation effect.
김은해 한국슬라브어학회 2008 슬라브어연구 Vol.13 No.-
This paper aims to analyze the characterization of Czech proverbs and idiomatic expressions related liquor. Most Czech idioms related to liquor contain a semantically negative evaluation in their meaning. Idioms and proverbs in this category are expressed with a specific verb or adjective that apparently expresses the state of drunkenness as a result of the liquor or as a favor by it. Idioms as anomalies in this category are characterized as closed class; on the other hand, a number of these lexical items in the predicate position or in the comparatum are characterized by interchangeability of have paradigmatically structured data. In most cases, idiomatic expressions in this category have special features in which syntactic relations are constructed with lexical elements denoting liquor or alcohol. In terms of the pragmatic use of these idiomatic expressions in this category, past or present tense prevail. In contrast to other categories of idioms, in this category verbs or deverbative adjectives are dominative in the predicate position. In the position of the comparatum mostly appear the lexical items related to liquor or animals with semantically negative evaluations. In idiomatic similes in this category, even when the parts that follow the predicational relator are omitted, in many cases the semantic feature is sufficient by itself. The idioms and proverbs analyzed in this paper provide clues about traditional ways of thinking of the Czech people and of their values as they pertain to the topic analyzed here. This paper also attempts to explore the application of linguistic theories in the semantic interpretation of idioms and proverbs in terms of the context, pragmatics and the cultural background of the Czech people.
Differences in Grammatical Gender of Noun Synonyms between Czech and Slovak Languages
김은해 한국슬라브어학회 2011 슬라브어연구 Vol.16 No.1
Daný gramatický rod je jednou z nejvýznačnějších vlastností u neživotných maskulin, feminin a neuter v češtině a slovenštině. Entita gramatického rodu substantiv v obou jazycích nemá přímý vztah k mimojazykové realitě. Klasifikace gramatického rodu u synonymních substantiv v obou jazycích se uplatňuje jako gramatický prostředek, který se odráží v diferencovaných metodologických paradigmatech. Tedy, rozdíl gramatického rodu u synonymních substantiv v obou jazycích se kříží i s kategoriemi čísla a pádu. Čeština a slovenština jsou ve tvoření sufixu u přejatých substantiv značně odlišné. U přejatých synonymních substantiv typu koncovky -ma v obou jazycích má slovenština více sklon k typickému principu, v němž se udržuje pravidlo skloňování podle ženského rodu než čeština. Koncepce pragmaticko-kognitivního aspektu gramatického rodu, který je i pro shodu podmětu s přísudkem rozhodujícím faktorem v jazykové konstrukci obou jazyků, též spočívá v obligatorní vazbě mezi slovy. This paper has explored gender divergences of synonymous nouns in the Czech and Slovak languages. It is of note that Czech masculine nouns are largely classified into the feminine gender category in relation to their synonyms in Slovak. Loan nouns of masculine or neuter gender with the ending -ma in Czech tend to be marked in the category of feminine gender in Slovak. There are relatively few cases in which Czech masculine and feminine nouns are marked as neuter nouns in Slovak. The formal similarity of nouns word shape in synonymous relations between Czech and Slovak is fairly high and the frequency of their divergence in the gender category is also high. Differences in the number category of synonymous nouns between these two languages are not typical, but these factors are also among the patterns linked to the asymmetric aspect of synonymous nouns between these two most similar languages. In loanword adaptation and in its grammatical application with the ending –ma, Slovak is closer and more conservative to the fundamental principle on major patterns of typical declension for feminine gender noun of this type than Czech.