나노압입시험에서의 접촉형상 보정을 통한 유연소자 박막의 탄성특성 평가

김원준,황경석,김주영,김영천,Kim, Won Jun,Hwang, Gyeong-Seok,Kim, Ju-Young,Kim, Young-Cheon 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2020 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.27 No.3

최근 스마트폰 산업의 발전으로 인하여 실사용 환경에서 유연소자의 기계적 거동에 대한 연구가 많이 이루어지고 있다. 유연소자 박막은 두께가 나노 단위이고, 기존의 시험법으로 측정하기 어려워 주로 나노압입시험을 이용하여 경도, 탄성계수 등의 특성을 구하고 있다. 그러나 현재 널리 쓰이고 있는 분석법(Oliver-Pharr Method)은 기판의 영향이 이론적으로 고려되지 않아 단순히 적용하기에는 무리가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기판 영향을 고려한 타 연구자들의 모델에 대한 적용성을 확인하고, 압입자와 시편 표면에서 발생하는 소성쌓임 현상(pile-up)에 대해 압입깊이의 보정을 실시하였다. 유연소자 박막의 탄성계수를 평가하고 검증하기 위하여 폴리이미드 및 실리콘 웨이퍼 기판 위에 금속, 비정질 박막을 증착하여 실제 실험을 수행하여 비교하였다. The evolution of smartphones has led to numerous researches in the mechanical behavior of flexible devices. Due to the nano-size of the thin flexible film, nanoindentation is widely used to evaluate its mechanical behaviors, such as elastic modulus, and hardness. However, the commonly used Oliver-Pharr method is not suited for analyzing the indentation force-depth curves of hard films on soft substrates, as the effects of soft substrate is not considered theoretically. In this study, the elastic modulus of the thin film was evaluated with references to other reported models which include the substrate effect, and with calibration of the indentation depth for the pile-ups between the indenter and test surface. We fabricated test samples by deposition of amorphous metal film on polyimide and silicon wafers for verification of modified models.

생쥐 고환 및 부고환에서 galectin-3의 발현

김원준,김황룡,주홍구,신태균,이용덕,김승준,Kim, Won-Jun,Kim, Hwanglyong,Joo, Hong-Gu,Shin, Taekyun,Lee, Yong-Duk,Kim, Seungjoon 대한수의학회 2008 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.48 No.1

The testis and epididymis are important organs of the male reproductive system; the functionis to produce, mature, transport, and store sperm. It is important to understand the localization and expressionof specific proteins based for the studies of its physiological processes. In this study, we investigated theexpression and distribution of galectin-3, one of beta-galactoside-binding proteins, in the testis andepididymis of mouse using western blot and imunohistochemistry. Western blot analysis revealed that theexpression of galectin-3, 29 kDa protein, was low in the testis. In the epididymis, high expression wasdetected in the body and tail part, but moderate expression in the head part. By immunohistochemicalanalysis, we found that positive localization of galectin-3 was detected in some myoid cells and Leydigin the epithelium of epididymis, especially in the epithelium of both body and tail of epididymis. Collectively,these results suggest that galectin-3 is constitutively expressed in the testis and epididymis of mouse withvarying intensity, and the role of galectin-3 in the male reproductive organ may be involved in the specificfunction of its structures.

Report - 결합상표의 유사판단에 관한 고찰

김원준,Kim, Won-Jun 한국발명진흥회 2012 發明特許 Vol.37 No.4

Effect of Pancreatic Polypeptide Family on Cardiovascular Muscle Contractility: 1. Interactions with cyclic nucleotide activators and $K^+$ channel openers in canine cerebral arteries

김원준,이광윤,하정희,권오철,Kim, Won-Joon,Lee, Kwang-Youn,Ha, Jeoung-Hee,Kwon, Oh-Cheol The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1992 대한약리학잡지 Vol.28 No.2

Pancreatic polypeptide family펩타이드들의 뇌혈관 평활근 수축성에 미치는 효과를 관찰하고, cyclic nucleotide 활성제 및 칼륨통로개방제와의 상호작용을 관찰하기 위하여 다음과 같은 실험을 하였다. 체중 $20{\sim}30\;g$의 개를 사혈 희생시켜 두개골을 절개한 후 뇌저동맥과 중뇌동맥을 적출하였다. 적출된 동맥편은 $4^{\circ}C$의 생리적식염수 내에서 나선형 절편으로 만들어 0.3%의 CHAPS 용액에 침잠시킴으로써 내피세포층을 제거한 후 95% $O_2$와 5% $CO_2$의 혼합기체로 포화된 $37^{\circ}C$의 Krebs-Henseleit 용액을 포함한 적출근편실험조에서 등척성 장력을 측정하였다. 1. PP, PYY 및 NPY는 뇌동맥 나선형절편을 농도의존적으로 수축시켰으며, 그 효력과 효능은 PYY가 가장 강하였고, 그 다음이 NPY, 그리고 PP의 순이었다. 이들의 효력은 노르아드레날린보다 20내지 200배 강하였으며, 그 중 PYY는 5-HT 보다도 강한 효력을 보였다. 2. Cyclic AMP 활성제인 forskolin과 cyclic GMP 활성제인 sodium nitroprusside는 뇌동맥절편의 기본장력을 감소시켰으며, PP, PYY 및 NPY 유발수축 역시 농도의존적으로 억제하였다. 이 때 forskolin의 기본장력억제작용이 sodium nitroprusside보다 강한 효력을 나타내었다. 3. 칼륨통로 개방제인 RP 49356, P 1060 및 BRL 38227은 기본장력에 대해서는 공히 농도의존적으로 억제하였으나, PP, PYY 및 NPY 유발수축에 대해서는 P 1060만이 농도의존적으로 억제하였고, RP 49356 및 BRL 38227은 약간 억제하는 경향만을 보였는데, 특기할 것은 저농도의$(0.1\;{\mu}M)$ BRL 38227이 이들 펩타이드 유발수축을 오히려 증가 시켰다는 것이다. 4. 기본장력에 대해서, 칼륨통로개방제들은 forskolin의 이완작용에 유의한 영향을 미치지 못하였으나, 그중 P 1060과 BRL 38227은 sodium nitroprusside의 이완작용을 상승적으로 강화하였다. PYY$(0.1\;{\mu}M)$유발 수축작용에 대해서, 칼륨통로 개방제들은 forskolin의 수축억제작용에 대해서는 약간 길항하는 경향만을 보였고, sodium nitroprusside의 수축억제작용은 유의하게 길항하였다. 이상의 결과들을 종합하면, 개의 뇌혈관에서는 NPY 뿐만 아니라 PYY도 혈관수축기전에 중요한 역할을 한다고 볼 수 있으며, 그 수축작용의 기전에는 세포내 cAMP 및 cGMP 활성도의 변화가 포함된다고 사료된다. 또 칼륨통로개방제들은 pancreatic polypeptide family의 뇌혈관수축작용에 대하여 제제 및 농도에 따라 다양한 영향을 미치므로 이에 대한 향후의 더욱 세밀한 연구가 요구된다. The objectives of the present experiments were to characterize the effects of the peptides belonging to the pancreatic polypeptide family on the contractility of cerebral arteries and to observe the interactions of these peptides with the cyclic nucleotide activators and the potassium channel openers. Dogs of either sex, $20{\sim}30\;Kg$ in weight, were sacrificed. Basilar and middle cerebral arteries from brain were isolated and prepared for myography in the PSS equilibrated with 95% $O_2$ and 5% $CO_2$ at $37^{\circ}C$. The endothelial cells of the spiral strips were removed by CHAPS solution (0.3% w/v, 15 seconds). 1. PP, PYY and NPY contracted the arterial strips concentration-dependently with a rank order of potency of PYY>NPY>PP. These peptides were 20 to 200 times more potent than norepinephrine, and only PYY showed a greater potency than 5-HT. 2. Cyclic nucleotide activators, forskolin (for cAMP) and sodium nitroprusside (for cGMP) reduced the basal tone and inhibited the PP-, PYY- and NPY- induced contractions by concentration-dependent manners. Forskolin was more potent in reducing basal tone than sodium nitroprusside. 3. Potassium channel openers, RP 49356, P 1060 and BRL 38227 reduced the basal tone concentration-dependently and tended to inhibit the PP-, PYY- and NPY- induced contractions. Notably, BRL 38227 with low concentration $(0.1\;{\mu}M)$ enhanced the contractions induced by those peptides while P 1060 inhibited the contractions concentration-dependently. 4. The combinations of the cyclic nucleotide activators and the potassium channel openers were slightly additive in reducing the basal tone. P 1060 and BRL 38227 enhanced the relaxant effect of sodium nitroprusside significantly. On the PYY-induced contration $(0.1\;{\mu}M)$, $K^+$ channel openers tended to inhibit the inhibitory actions of forskolin and sodium nitroprusside. P 1060 and BRL 38227 antagonized the inhibitory action of sodium nitroprusside significantly. The results of the present study may be summarized that in canine cerebral arteries, not only NPY but also PYY may play a role in a cerebrovascular spasm, and intracellular concentration of either cAMP or cGMP may be involved in the mechanism of vasoconstrictive actions of these peptides, which may be affected either positively or negatively by a $K^+$ channel opener.

세계화를 대비한 특허제도 활용

김원준,Kim, Won-Jun 한국전기산업진흥회 1996 電氣産業 Vol.7 No.3

중국 경쟁법의 집행 경험과 시사점

김원준,Kim, Won-Jun 한국공정경쟁연합회 2008 경쟁저널 Vol.- No.141

정상 및 병적체액중 동종효소분획에 관한 연구

김원준,김혜영,이향우,홍사석,Kim, Won-Joon,Kim, Hea-Young,Lee, Hyang-Woo,Hong, Sa-Suk 대한약리학회 1980 대한약리학잡지 Vol.16 No.2

[${\alpha}$]-Amylase catalyses the hydrolysis of starch, glycogen, and related poly- and oligosac-charide by random cleavage of ${\alpha}$-D-(l-4) glucan linkage. In man large amounts of amylase are secreted into the digestive tract by the salivary and exocrine pancreatic gland, minimal amount being produced also in other tissues. It has been known that ${\alpha}$-amylase exists in multiple molecular forms, isoenzyme which can be separated from each other because of difference in their physicochemical properties. By using various methods, several groups of investigator have separated the many isoenzyme in serum, saliva and pancreatic juice. Furthermore, changes of the normal serum isoenzyme pattern is diagnostically useful even when the total serum enzyme activity is noninformative, such as the clinical use of isoenzyme of serum lactate dehydrogenase. Procarboxypeptidase-A which is one of the pancreatic enzymes is also present as isoenzymes. Four forms of procarboxypeptidase-A haye been found in the bovine enzyme and three forms of the porcine enzyme. In human pancreatic juice four forms of procarboxypeptidase-A isoenzyme were found by isoelectric focusing method. Recently, the so-called isoamylase analysis was developed for the diagnostic use of amylase in pancreatic diseases. In alcohotic patients, the serum concentration of pancreatic isoamylase is subnormal and this lowered activity provides strong evidence for pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the variations of the isoenzyme of amylase and procarboxypeptidase-A in serum, saliva and pancreatic juice of the experimental animals. The results are as follow. 1) Three main forms of isoenzyme of amylase by isoelectric focusing were found in pancreatic juice of normal rabbit. However, many new bands were appeared in the pancreatic juice of cholic acid administered animal intravenously while the infusion of cholic acid or elastase into pancreatic duct produced the decrease of number of the fractions on the isoelectric focusing. In the case of serum isoenzyme from normal animal, two major and a few minor isoamylases were observed. By injecting alcohol intravenousely the fractions of serum isoamylase were significantly decreased and in contrary to the pattern in the pancreatic juice the infusion of cholic acid or elastase into pancreatic duct exhitited a significant decrease of the isoenzyme of amylase fractions. In saliva from normal animal three main isoamylase were produced of the administration of alcohol. 2) In the case of procarboxypeptidase-A isoenzyme, two major fractions which have isoelectric point at 6.2 and 6.4 and other two minor bands were observed in the pancreatic juice of normal rabbit. By the treatment of the juice with trypsin, only one band was produced on the isoelectric focusing. No procarboxypeptidase was appeared on the electrofocusing by the infusion of cholic acid or phospholipase A into the pancreatic duct of rabbit. However, a single major fraction of procarboxypeptidase-A was appeared at 3 hr after simple ligation of the pancreatic duct. No significant changes were observed in the juice of the alcohol or cholic acid administered group.

영화시장에서의 경쟁법적 쟁점

김원준,Kim, Won-Jun 한국공정경쟁연합회 2006 경쟁저널 Vol.- No.129

영화산업은 한류의 영향과 함께 우리 문화의 발전을 기약하고 나아가 21세기에 우리 경제를 이끌어 갈 성장산업으로 인식되고 있다. 영화산업이 지속적으로 경쟁력을 갖추고 한류 확산에 기여하려면 제작에 대한 투자 등 양적 증대와 함께 장르 다각화, 작품성 향상 등 질적인 성숙과 함게 경쟁법적 차원에서 소비자가 질 높은 영화를 선택할수 있도록 자유롭고 공정한 경쟁질서가 확립되어야 할 것이다. 이를 위해서는 무엇보다 소위 빅3 소속 계열사들의 자발적인 공정경쟁질서 확립이 급선무이다.

Report - 결합상표의 유사판단에 관한 고찰

김원준,Kim, Won-Jun 한국발명진흥회 2012 發明特許 Vol.37 No.5

광섬유 기반 나노카본 비선형 소자

김원준,송용원,Kim, Won-Jun,Song, Yong-Won 한국광학회 2012 광학과 기술 Vol.16 No.2