[특집, 韓國文集(한국문집)과 漢學硏究(한학연구) : 韓中(한중) 文化(문화)의 교차적 이해 (1)] ; 滄江(창강) 金澤榮 壽序(수서) 연구 -韓(한),中(중) 知識人(지식인) 교류 연구의 반성적 검토를 겸하여-

김우정 ( Woo Jeong Kim ) 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2013 민족문화연구 Vol.61 No.-

Changkang Kim Taek-young (1850~1927) chose asylum, leaving declining Joseon dynasty. After defecting to China, interacting with men of repute, he did writing work. So, he drew attention from both Korea and China. But, among studies on this activity, there is a case that this was prescribed as lopsided receiving relation in the style that he changed into a philosophe who tried to seek exit of modernization, getting a lesson from a Chinese literary man or uniting Western civilization and Confucian spirit. This writing was intended to show these suggestions are deflective through Su-seo written by Kim Taek-young. Kim left 24 pieces of Su-seo, and these are overwhelmingly lots of quantities among all writers in Joseon. Originally, Su-seo is a kind of colloquial writing which was popular in the Jiangnan Region in Ming China where commerce developed; however, overcoming the limit of Eungsu letters by Gui You-guang, it was given literary life. Since Kim was absorbed in Gui You-guang as much as he was called “son of Jincheon(震川)”, Kim was influenced a lot by Gui in creation of Su-seo. By the way, after looking into the features of Kim’s writing, though there are similar points with Su-seo of Gui You-guang like reflecting reality and inner consciousness of Kim’s time, showing a fond look on second-class citizens such as merchants, women, etc., and standing out characters and events through anecdotes; by collecting arguments centered on narration, like presenting his writing intention or containing serious and strict contents in his simple and natural writing style, his own features that were not found out in Su-seo of Gui You-guang could be checked. Also, Kim criticized strongly Zeng Guo-fan who denigrated Su-seo of Gui You-guang. In the basis of Kim’s logic, there were an attitude that literature is not subordinate to learning and a creation theory that made “superb spirit(神韻)” and “superb taste(神味)” of Shiji(史記) as a standard. In fact, these were things that Joseon’s literary circles brought up consecutively, so the fact that Kim Taek-young evaluated Gui You-guang highly can be understood in this traditional extension. Kim did not touch Gui You-guang by dividing time and space called 19th century Joseon dynasty, and also he was not a philosophe who got rid of feudal class concepts and went forward into modern era. Though he was influenced by Chinese free learning characteristics during his exile in China, he did not break off Confucianism and showed a look to deny Western new sciences. If we look at academic and literary features of Kim Taek-young objectively, it is suitable that all factors of both Korea and China which influenced the formation of his study and literature should be considered evenly.

16~17세기 근기(近畿) 지역 서인계 문인의 교류와 고문사(古文辭)

김우정 ( Woo Jeong Kim ) 한국한문학회 2014 한국한문학연구 Vol.0 No.56

Geungi(近畿) area in the 16~17th century showed complicated politicalinterests and rapidly responded to new academic knowledge or literary trend because the area is near the capital. It was natural that the area was flexible and had open academic traditions compared to other areas like Samnam(三南) regions etc. They distributed mainly in northern part of Han river in half-round shape, tied through a teacher and marriage, held power of political and literary realm, actively exchanged with literary writers with different party color. So they expanded their power towards southern part of Han river. Especially, such tendency was prominent in the Seoin group rather than the Dongin group(東人系). Forexample, there were Yoon Keun-soo(尹根壽) and Lee Hang-bok(李恒福) who were actual leaders of the Seoin in the middle stage from Yi I(李珥) to Kim Jang-saeng(金長生); some famous families such as Poongyang(豊 陽) Cho of Cho Ik(趙翼), Yeonil(延日) Jeong of Jeong Hong-myeong(鄭弘 溟), Yeonan(延安) Lee of Lee Jeong-gu(李廷龜), Hanyang(漢陽) Cho of Cho Wi-han(趙緯韓) and Cho Gyeong(趙絅). Unexpectedly, they have a common point that most of them had keen interest in ‘retro style writings’. This implies that besides taste for writing, region of Seoul and northern Gyeonggi worked as an important factor in start of ‘retro style writings’. This writing gave attention on issue of region which had been kept behind inner problems of literature like theory of external influence,theory of internal development etc. The westerners with interest in ``retro style writings`` in Geungi area in the 16~17th century were formed centered on Yoon Keun-soo and Lee Hang-bok who stayed north of Han river. The Seoin such as Kim Sang-heon(金尙憲), Jang Yoo(張維), Jeong Hong-myeong, Jeong Yeop(鄭曄), Cho Ik, Kim Yook(金堉) etc. were the examples - the period maintained to the reign of king Hyojong. They exchanged with other writers such as Choi Rip(崔立), Yoo Mong-in(柳夢 寅), Shin Heum(申欽), Heo Gyun(許筠) etc. who did not have clear party color or were in different party going beyond interests of a party. The Seoin did not have clear color like Giho Salrim(畿湖 山林), so, they are not classified to a certain party in thoughts history and political history. This is somewhat related to that Geungi area was open and flexible.

신흠의 시고수사(視古修辭) 와 이정구의 수의서사(隨意抒寫)에 관하여

김우정 ( Woo Jeong Kim ) 근역한문학회 2010 한문학논집 Vol.30 No.-

The purpose of this paper compare Shin Hum(申欽 1566~1628)`s recognition on the prose and its character with Lee Jung-gu(李廷龜 1564~1635), that become known to what is called the four eminent writer in mid-choson. I think it provided me with what is the trend of literary society in late 16th~early 17th century. The four eminent writer have a representative position because the writer affiliated with Kim Chang-hyup(金昌協) wield strong influenced to literary society. In Kim`s phrase, Shin`s prose which the bring it into line with old style writings is in striking contrast with Lee Jeong-gu(李廷龜)`s prose which the have a description his own way, because It is caused by Shin idolized Ming`s restorative authors who had an effect on Choson`s literary circles. And He argued that some writer who is aim at the beauty of form endorsed Shin, another writer who is aim at the sound thoughts endorsed Lee. I can come to a conclusion that Shin has the wood on Lee from late 16th to early 17th century, subsequently, Lee has the wood on Shin after mid 17th century, through the review of Shin and Lee`s works.

제주지역 암환자의 의료서비스 요구도 및 만족도 분석

김우정,김민영,장원영,최재혁,Kim, Woo-Jeong,Kim, Min-Young,Chang, Weon-Young,Choi, Jae-Hyuck 한국호스피스완화의료학회 2010 한국호스피스.완화의료학회지 Vol.13 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate needs and satisfaction on the medical services of cancer patients in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province. Methods: Total 174 cancer patients, who visited at the clinic of Jeju National University Hospital, submitted informed consent and participated in this study from July 13 to July 30, 2009. Self questionnaire was used and data were analyzed with Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Mann-Whitney U test, ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Participants expressed the needs of most economical support (3.38 out of 4), followed by counseling of treatment plan (3.22), information of disease (3.07), and disease management except cancer (2.97). Participants were satisfied most with religious counseling (3.41), followed by nursing service support (3.39), employment counseling (3.26), and counseling for family or interpersonal relationships (3.26). The satisfaction of economical support was the lowest (1.98). Satisfaction of men was higher than women, and needs in patients who were living with children was the highest. Patients who were living alone or with children showed the lowest satisfaction about the medical services. There were no significant differences in the general characteristics, however, participants who were older than 60 years of age or had higher income showed lower needs and higher satisfaction. There were no significant differences in the medical characteristics, however, thyroid cancer patients and patients who were treated with radiation therapy or transarterial embolization showed low satisfaction. Conclusion: Cancer patients seemed to need more economical support, information of treatment or disease, and symptom management. Furthermore, there were various needs about the services, depending on family formation or economical support of patients. Therefore, it is certain that patients who were suffering from other cancers, except the 5 major cancers, needed more services. In conclusion, continuous and systemic policy to consider patient's characteristics and needs are needed in community as well as health care system.

신익성수서(申翊聖壽序)의 두 가지 독법(讀法)

김우정 ( Woo Jeong Kim ) 근역한문학회 2014 한문학논집 Vol.39 No.-

This writing examined Nakjeondang Shin, Ikseong(樂全堂申翊聖: 1588~1644)’s Su-seo(壽序: an celebratory writings for longevity) from two viewpoints of literary history and literary value. Su-seo was popular with Jiangnan(江南) that economy of commerce developed as center as a prose pattern which appeared during the Ming Dynasty. Because it was mostly made by request and its main contents were praising living persons, it was difficult to avoid popular suspicion fundamentally. Even though Su-seo reached the position of classics by the good writers who represented the Ming Dynasty including Gui Yu-gwuang(歸有光) and Wang Shi-zhen(王世貞), it has continued to be criticized about popular veins later. On the other hand, in case of the Joseon Dynasty, Su-seo was shown from the end of 16th century to the beginning of the 17th century that literature of Former and Latter Seven Master(the restorative school, 前後七子) began to be accepted. This implies that Su-seo was shown by being influenced by the trend to learn the Ming Dynasty [學明]. Shin, Ikseong focused on Former and Latter Seven Master very much with Shin, Heum who is his father. He left 8 Su-seos which were overwhelmingly a lot of quantity then. Shin, Ikseong used various methods to prove that Su-seo is not popular. He objectified his Su-seo by showing you that he was aware of being popular on purpose and composed persons’ lives in three dimensions by adding descriptive character in them. He devised styles’ freshness by mixing genres with each other and kept classics’ categories faithfully by utilizing various authentic precedents and elaborating his style. He completed one of refined and elegant classics by expressing the world that contemporary intellectuals dreamed of with sophisticated and simple styles. There was no any direct boundary about being popular in his Su-seo not because it lack awareness about it but because awareness of traditional classics found in the process of scientific names preceded it. This point is the important meaning and limit of his Su-seo.

기획주제(企劃主題) : 기조발표(基調發表) ; 한문과(漢文科) "문장" 영역의 평가 방향과 실제 -2007년 개정 교육과정을 중심으로-

김우정 ( Woo Jeong Kim ) 한국한자한문교육학회 2011 漢字 漢文敎育 Vol.27 No.-

이 글은 2007년 개정 교육과정에 따라 편찬된 중학교 1·2학년 한문 교과서의 ``문장`` 영역 평가문항의 특징을 분석하고, 개정 교육과정의 취지에 부합하는 평가문항 개발 방안을 논의한 것이다. 현재 학교현장에서 사용하고 있는 교과서를 분석해본 결과, ``문장`` 영역은 다른 영역보다 평가문항의 비중이 낮았으며, 문항의 유형은 서답형이 대부분이었고, 형성평가나 수행평가에 활용할 수 있는 문항은 그다지 많지 않았다. 또한 잘못된 용어를 사용하거나 복답의 가능성이 있는 문항도 간혹 발견되었으며, 학년별 학습내용을 제대로 반영하지 못해 선수 학습 정도나 성취 수준을 진단하고 교수·학습 계획을 수립하는 데 기여할 수 없는 경우도 있었다. ``문장`` 영역의 평가문항은 교육과정의 성격과 목표, 학년별 학습내용을 올바로 반영하는 것이 가장 중요하다. 선행 단계에서 배운 내용이 고학년에도 적절히 피드백될 수 있도록 하되, 자기주도적 학습이 가능하도록 구성하여야 한다. 또한 다른 영역에 비해 다소 낮은 ``문장`` 영역 평가문항의 비중을 적절한 수준으로 높이고, 학년별로 균형 있게 배분하며, 평가 성격에 따라 서답형과 선택형 문항을 적절히 활용하여야 한다. 아울러 ``문장`` 영역 내에서도 문장 성분 및 구조에 집중되지 않고, 문장 유형과 수사에 대한 이해 및 적용 능력을 평가할 수 있도록 노력하여야 할 것이다. In this article, the features of the test questions with respect to the ``sentences`` section in chinese character Textbook published for the year 1 and year 2 middle school students, according to the revised curriculum in 2007, were analyzed and the development plan of the test questions suiting the purpose of the revised curriculum, was discussed. As a result of the analysis of the textbook used in schools, the test questions in ``sentences`` section was of little importance compared to other sections. Most of the questions were Supply Type Questions and not many questions could be used for the formative evaluation or accomplishment evaluation. Also the questions using incorrect terms and having the risk of multiple answers, were sometimes found. Some questions failed to reflect the content of learning by grade well, so they could not contribute to diagnosing the level of accomplishment or the level of prerequisite learning, or establishing the plans for teaching and learning. With respect to the test questions for ``sentences``, reflecting well the nature, the purpose of curriculum and the learning content by grade, is the most important. The contents learned through the precedent phase should be appropriately fed back into the upper grades and the questions should be configured in a way that enables the self-directed learning. Also, the proportion of the test questions for ``sentences`` section which is smaller than that in other sections should be appropriately increased and distributed in balance by grade, and Supply Type Questions and Selection Type Questions need to be used appropriately, according to the characteristics of the test. In addition to this, the questions should not focus too much on the components of the sentences and its structure in ``sentences`` section, and the efforts to test the understanding of the type of the sentences and the rhetoric and the ability of the application need to be made.

왕세정(王世貞) 수서(壽序) 초탐(初探)

김우정 ( Woo Jeong Kim ) 근역한문학회 2016 한문학논집 Vol.43 No.-

In the early 17th century, Su-Seo celebratory writing for longevity appeared in the Joseon朝鮮 Dynasty. It came out among writers who took the lead in learning about the Ming, namely, “study ming學明”. Although Su-Seo of the Ming was written broadly regardless of literary schools, the Restoration School復 古派 was interested in it in Joseon. In particular, it was a new literary style gained through learning on Wang Shizhen. It can be known from the facts that Jicheonsuseo芝川壽序, which was the first Su-Seo in Joseon, came from Yoon Geunsu尹根壽 who was interested in the Restoration School or even 12 works of Su-Seo are included in Wangumzumuncho王감州文抄 which was compiled by Shin chue申最. In the late Joseon Dynasty, Su-Seo of Wang used to be quoted as a case to suggest the appropriateness of creating Su-Seo. Hong Gyehui洪啓禧 proposed writing Su-Seo to King Yeongjo英祖, citing Wang. In the collection of literary works of Lee Yonghyu李用休, there is a trace that he read Su-Seo of Wang. Especially, Cho Cheongyeong趙天經 would quote Su-Seo of Wang a lot in the writing for his ancestors. Su-Seo is one of prose styles, which has been developed under the influence of social and cultural environment in the Jiangnan江南 areas in the Ming Dynasty. Especially, Su-Seo which was written in the period from Jiajing嘉靖 to Wanli萬曆 era takes 91.5%. Wang Shizhen is a writer who wrote Su-Seo the most in the time. He contributed greatly to making it settled as one of literature. He wrote 124 works of Su-Seo in his lifetime. There are things for key figures in political circles, his teachers in his childhood, or people of the Taicang太倉 Wang clans. But, shouxu written for literary people who sided with Wang is particularly paid attention to. These works help to understand his literature a lot in stereoscopic vision. Wang considered Su-Seo as a “transformed historical record”. He harmonized narration with discussion properly without using splendid rhetoric and made use of natural and strong literary styles in arranging expressions. Also, he was positive in writing Su-Seo for Rushang儒商 or women from thinking that it is very useful in transmitting “beautiful behavior” of the weak in society who do not know Su-Seo to future generations.

륙지(陸贄) 병문(騈文)의 특징과 『신당서(新唐書)』 「륙지전(陸贄傳)」에서의 개작 양상

김우정 ( Kim Woo-jeong ) 한국한문학회 2020 韓國漢文學硏究 Vol.0 No.77

이 글은 唐代의 역사, 정치, 제도, 통치관 등이 풍부하게 담겨 있어 조선과 일본에도 큰 영향을 끼친 陸贄의 奏議文이 지닌 騈文으로서의 특성을 살핀 것이다. 변문은 산문과 병립하는 문체 양식으로, 유구한 역사를 지니며 다양한 방면에서 활용되어 왔으나, 한국의 학계에서는 장식적이고 空疏한 글이라는 인식이 강해 기초적인 연구조차 충분히 이루어지지 않았다. 따라서 이 글에서는 변문의 주요 특징을 개괄함으로써 육지의 주의문이 성률면에서 ‘성조교체식’ 변문에 속하나 구성면에서는 ‘연쇄병렬식’ 구조를 띠고 있어 변문의 형식적 구속을 효과적으로 극복하였음을 밝혔으며, 『新唐書』 「陸贄傳」에서 그 형식적 특징이 어떻게 무너졌는지를 비교 분석함으로써 변문으로서의 육지 주의문의 성격을 되짚어보았다. This article is a study on the characteristics of LuZhi陸贄’s an suggestion to the emperor奏議, which contained richly the history, politics, state system, and philosophy of state affairs of Tang Dynasty, and had a great influence on Joseon and Japan. LuZhi’s writings was written in parallel prose騈文. Parallel prose has been used in various fields, with a long history and a concomitant style with prose, but even basic research has not been done enough due to the strong perception in Korean academia that it is an ornamental and voluminous writings. Thus, Therefore, in this paper, first made a general analysis of the general characteristics of parallel prose, and we confirmed that LuZhi’s writings belongs to ‘tonally alternating’ parallel prose on the rhythm side, but that the structure is ‘interlocking parallel’ on the composition side. LuZhi’s writings was able to overcome parallel prose’s formal restraints effectively because it had this characteristic. And based on the biographies of LuZhi陸贄傳 in the XinTangShu新唐書, that was compiled by SongQi宋祁, this paper analyzed how the formal features of LuZhi’s writings were damaged.

축수(祝壽)의 문학적 전통과 노년 인식

김우정 ( Woo-jeong Kim ) 근역한문학회 2016 한문학논집 Vol.44 No.-

This thesis aimed at investigating an aspect of the old people or old age through Chu ksu(祝壽)and relevant writes. Considering that the relevant research has not been accumulated yet, above all, this research investigated literary tradition of Chu ksu on the whole, then considered various levels of cognition on the old age through a series of poetry that had been composed based on such tradition. Chu ksu culture, which had existed before the Chun qiu(Spring and Autumn) Period advanced into the literature area by greatly prospering mainly with Gangnam area during Wei jin period(魏晉時代). Henceforth, until Song Dynasty, verse such as Su-si(壽詩), Su-sa(壽詞) had mainly been used, however since Su-seo(壽序) in Ming Dynasty, prose was mainly used to express the meaning of prayer. Such change process shows that individual desire could be integrated with social desire. It is significant in respect that it drew human internal essential desire, longevity, to a place of social discussion. There are various recognitions on the old age in the poetry of birthday or that wishes for longevity. It sometimes calmly looks back on the past life, sometimes reveals restlessness and grief about being a useless being, sometimes seriously thinks over how to receive death coming soon, also, was considered as an opportunity to feel liberty and sense of freedom by escaping from social demand and pressure. Old man is a social concept. The words, senility and greed imply a significance to marginalize and exclude old man. Nevertheless, old man have become an object of respect and prayer, since they were effective to reinforce ‘loyalty(忠)’, ‘filial duty(孝)’ ideology, a mechanism to operate the nation and the society. Old man were treated as the object to be supported rather than received as social members, more highly emphasizing required qualification to be supported old man, through this, upper and lower order of rank was intensified

선조(宣祖) 연간 문단(文壇)의 추이(推移)와 최립(崔岦)의 시문(詩文)

김우정 ( Kim Woo-jeong ) 근역한문학회 2018 한문학논집 Vol.50 No.-

The purpose of this study is to explore the movement of the literary world during the Seon-jo period(reign 15671608) through the context of the poetry and prose written by Choi-Rip(15391612). The period of Seon-jo was a time when various literary tides were blurred enough to be called the so-called ‘a prosperous Mok Reung age穆陵盛世’. In poetry, while the influence of Jiangxi poetry continued, the Tang style poetry led by so-called ‘three Tang poets三唐 詩人’ was highlighted. In the prose, the trend of the Tang-Song style deepened and retro style appeared as an example. In this process, the influx of the revivalism in literature, which was the core of the Literary circles in the Ming Dynasty, played a major role. Choi was not only an intimate relationship with the western group in capital area that spread the tendency to learn Ming, but also his complex and bizarre writing resembled the style of the retroist. Because of that, he was strongly suspected of being influenced by the retroists. However, His poetry is based on the elaborate and profound style of Jiangxi poetry, and many critics have agreed on this point. If it is true that Choi was influenced by a retroist who thoroughly disavowed the poetry of Song, this result is hard to understand. Thus, the claim that Choi was influenced by a retroist is a product of a misunderstanding that is based on fictitious or subjective impression criticisms made by critics who oppose ‘learn Ming’. Choi has practiced his own style of poetry based on Jiangxi poetry as well as his own original style by learning and training of the writings of Sima Qian 司馬遷, Ban Gu班固, and Han Yu韓愈.