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왜 지금 한국사회에서 복지가 문제인가? : 복지담론의 부상원인에 관한 국가론적 연구
김용현,손영우 한양대학교 제3섹터연구소 2015 시민사회와 NGO Vol.13 No.2
The purpose of this thesis is to analyse why welfare discourse is becoming one of the hottest issues in Korea. First, the thesis will examine the changing roles of states ranging from the birth of states to the birth of welfare stats in Western Europe. Next, it will study the reality of social welfare in Korea comparing the welfare system of Korea after its liberation from Japanese rule to that of Western Europe. It can be said that welfare states in the Western Europe were born as a result of a class compromise between capital and labor after the rise of nation states and industrialization. Korea as a state, however, made ceaseless efforts to prevent the working class from taking political power. The working class with political power is the prerequisite of welfare development. Modern states in Western Europe had the Janus-like character of oppressing and extorting working classes while giving more benefits to them at the same time. However, things were different in Korea. The state went through changes from an overdeveloped state, to a developing state, to an authoritarian state, and to a procedural democratic country. During the period of such changes, the state continued to work as a repression mechanism against democratization. Welfare politics can't be born in such a state. The reason why a welfare state has become one of the hottest political, social, and economic issues in Korea can be found in those unique characteristics of the state. The thesis will explore the future direction of the poorly developed welfare system of Korean based on them . 본 논문의 목적은 국가론의 관점에서 최근 한국사회에서 최대 쟁점이 되고 있는복지담론의 부상 원인을 분석하는 것이다. 국가 외부의 복지담론을 주도하는 계급을찾아보기 힘든 한국에서는 국가가 주요 주체로 분석대상이 될 수밖에 없다. 이를 위해, 장기·거시적 측면에서는 자본주의 변화에 따른 국가 성격 변화, 단기·미시적 측면에서는 부르디외의 양손 국가론에 입각한 관료 세력의 변화를 살펴본다. 결과적으로 민주주의의 공고화, 복지수요의 증대, 정권교체 경험에 따른 선거의 중요성 증대함과 동시에, 과대성장국가-발전국가-권위주의국가-절차적 민주국가 순으로 변화하면서 민주화의 억압기제로서 일관하였던 오른손 중심의 국가에서 김대중·노무현 정부(1997-2007년)으로 이어지는 복지태동국가로의 이전 상황이 국가의 왼손을 증대시켜 2010년 ‘복지의 정치화’를 촉발시켰다고 볼 수 있다. 이러한 진단을 통해, 한편으로는 국가 왼손의 공고화로 복지정책의 비가역성이 높아진 반면에, 다른 한편으로 복지정책을 주도하는 주체세력이 가시화되지 않는다면 행정부 중심의 한국 복지의 미래는 질적으로 취약한 한계를 벗어나기 힘들다는 전망을 제시한다.
이완호,김용현 中央大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1993 基礎科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.7 No.-
In this paper, we measure the electrical property of the Cadmium Teluride polycrystalline thin films. The thin films are fabricated by coevaporating CdTe and Te on the slide glass. The measured electrical properties are as follows: In indium ambience, after annealing in 400℃ carrier concentration is 4.300-5.400×10??? and mobility 14-17cm² Vsec according to the annealing time. In the bulk, Hall voltage is ??? = (Bl)/(nqd), mobility μ= ???, Hall coefficient ???= 1/(nq), letting Hall coefficient of thin film ??? = η/(???). From the carrier concentration of the bulk, we derived the carrier concentration of the polycrystalline thin films.
김용현,이소현,박철수,배화옥,김윤정,허무룡 인간식물환경학회 2020 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.23 No.5
Background and objective: The elderly living in homeless living facilities for a long time suffer from various mental health problems. This study aims to determine the psychological, emotional, and social effects of a horticultural therapy program composed of gardening activities, which was designed based on the semantic structures of life for the homeless elderly living in the facilities for a long time. Methods: A total of 12 subjects (6 in the control group and 6 in the experimental group) participated in the study. The horticultural therapy program consisted mainly of gardening activities, and a total of 16 sessions were conducted once a week for 16 weeks, 60-90 minutes per session. The subjects were tested to evaluate their self-esteem, depression, and horticultural activities. The data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon rank test, and Friedman test, which were nonparametric tests, conducted at a 95% significance level. Results: First, in the case of self-esteem, a significant difference was found between the groups, 20.00 points (SD = 5.69) in the control group, and 25.50 points (SD = 3.73) in the experimental group (p = .034). Second, in the case of depression, no statistically significant difference was found in the posttest. Finally, in the case of the horticultural activity evaluation, the scores of most variables gradually and significantly increased during the program [Verbal interaction during activity (p = .006), Self-concept and identity (p = .006), Need-drive adaptation (p < .001), Interpersonal and social relations (p < .001)]. Conclusion: These results support that the horticultural therapy program could help the elderly improve psychological relaxation, emotional stability, and social relationships. In order to generalize the results, it is suggested to increase the number of subjects or conduct additional repetitive experiments in further research.