노지 고추재배지에 발생하는 총채벌레를 대상으로 methyl isonicotinate와 집합페로몬 혼합물을 이용한 고효율 대량유살 기술

김용균,진가현,박현제,김철영 한국응용곤충학회 2023 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.62 No.4

대량유살 기술을 통한 총채벌레 방제 기술이 시설 고추재배지를 중심으로 개발되었다. 이 기술의 핵심 요인은 효과적 유인제 개발에 있다. 집합페로몬에 의존하였던 유인전략은 노지 재배지에서는 뚜렷한 효과를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구는 노지 고추재배지에서 총채벌레의 대량 유살을 위해 새로운 유인물질의 추가가 필요하였다. 또한 노지재배지에서 집합페로몬의 유인력 감소 원인을 규명할 필요가 있었다. 새로운 유인 물질로서 methyl isonicotinate (MIN)이 제시되었고, 이 물질이 실내 유인행동분석을 통해 총채벌레에 대한 자체 유인력은 물론이고 집합페로 몬과 협력효과를 보였다. 이를 바탕으로 집합페로몬과 혼합물 형태로 노지 고추재배지에서 분석한 결과 총채벌레의 포획밀도를 증가시켰다. 특히 이러한 증가는 꽃노랑총채벌레(Frankliniella occidentalis)에서 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 유인트랩에 집합페로몬의 함량 증가는 노지 고추재배지에서 꽃노랑총채벌레는 물론이고 다른 총채벌레류의 포획밀도를 뚜렷하게 증가시켰다. 본 연구는 집합페로몬 유인력이 시설재배지와 노지재배지 사이에서 차이가 있으며, 노지 재배지의 경우 효과적 유인력을 발휘하기 위해서는 더욱 많은 집합페로몬 함량을 요구한다는 것을 밝혔다. 또한 본연구는 집합페로몬에 MIN을 추가하여 꽃노랑총채벌레에 대한 고효율 유인제를 개발할 수 있는 기술을 제시한다. A control technique using mass-trapping was developed against thrips infesting hot peppers cultivating in greenhouses. It was essential to develop effective lure(s) attracting thrips for the control technique. Especially, mass-trapping using aggregation pheromone (AP) of the thrips was not much effective in open field cultivating hot peppers. This study aimed to develop a new lure to enhance the attractiveness of AP-based mass-trapping. In addition, this study was designed to investigate the decrease of attractiveness of the AP-based mass-trapping in the open field conditions. Methyl isonicotinate (MIN) as a new lure was assessed by the laboratory olfactometry and showed its attractiveness to thrips and its mixture effect with AP to attract the thrips. These results led us to test the AP+MIN mixture in the open field conditions cultivating hot peppers. The mixture significantly enhanced the mass-trapping efficacy in the open field conditions. Especially, the significant increase of the captured numbers was found in the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis. Furthermore, the increase of the AP concentration in the mass-trapping significantly increased the captured numbers in F. occidentalis and other thrips occurring in the hot pepper field. This study demonstrated the difference in the AP-based mass-trapping efficacy of the thrips between greenhouse and open field conditions. It also showed the increase of mass-trapping efficacy by increasing AP concentration in the trap. Especially, this study proposes a high efficient mass-trapping technology by the addition of MIN to AP especially against F. occidentalis.

江戶語에 나타나는 二段活用의 一段化 傾向과 完了時期에 관한 考察 ­江戶中期 이후 上方語와 비교를 중심으로­

김용균 한국일본문화학회 2003 日本文化學報 Vol.0 No.17

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江戸後期 日本語에 나타나는 上二段活用動詞 「恨<怨>むる」의 四段化現象에 관한 考察 -四段化의 傾向과 完了時期를 중심으로-

김용균 한국일본어학회 2009 日本語學硏究 Vol.0 No.24

본고에서는 江戸後期 日本語(宝暦~安政期)에 나타나는 上二段活用動詞 「恨<怨>むる」의 四段化現象에 대하여, 전체적인 傾向과 完了時期를 중심으로 고찰하였다. 특히, 당시 日本語資料 47種(浄瑠璃類 1種, 黄表紙類 1種, 滑稽本類 2種, 人情本類 3種, 道話類 1種, 歌舞伎脚本類 1種, 洒落本類 38種)의 四段化 실태 분석 결과를 토대로 江戸前期 日本語(慶長~寛延期)의 傾向과의 비교를 통하여 고찰함과 동시에, 活用形, 文體, 位相에 따른 遲速 차이와 그 원인에 대해서도 검토하여 보았다. 그 결과 몇 가지 특징적인 사실을 지적할 수 있었는데, 四段化의 전체적인 傾向과 完了時期를 중심으로 정리하면 대체로 다음과 같다. ①活用形에서 보면 終止・連体形, 連用形, 未然形의 순으로 四段化가 진행되고 있다. ②文體的인 면에서 보면 會話文의 四段化 진행 속도는 地文의 四段化보다 빠르다. ③位相的인 면에서 보면 男性語와 女性語에 따른 四段化의 遲速 차이는 보이지 않는다. ④口頭語 즉, 會話文에 있어서 四段化의 完了時期는 地文보다 이른 寛政~享和期로 推定된다. ⑤地文에 있어서 四段化의 完了時期는 文化~天保期로 推定된다. 요컨대, 이와 같은 고찰을 통하여 上二段活用動詞의 四段化는 活用形, 文體에 따라 遲速 차이를 보이면서 진행되었다는 점과 位相 즉, 男性語와 女性語에 따른 遲速 차이가 보이지 않는다는 점, 더 나아가 이와 같은 사실이 前期 日本語의 傾向과 일치한다는 점과, 地文과 會話文의 完了時期 등을 확인할 수 있었다.

Ultrastructure of Cotesia plutellae Bracovirus in Its Replication at Wasp Ovarian Calyx

김용균,류상훈 한국응용곤충학회 2007 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.10 No.4

Cotesia plutellae bracovirus (CpBV) is a polydnavirus symbiotic to an endoparasitoid, C. plutellae. Despite rich information on CpBV genome, there has been little known on its viral replication mode from proviral to episomal form. This study illustrates fine structures of the epithelial cells producing CpBV with a reference to non-producing ovarian epithelial cells. The ovarian epithelial cells of teneral females (within 12 h after emergence) were characterized by large nucleus and rich rough endoplasmic reticulum. CpBV particles were present only at the calyx region, in which follicle epithelial cells exhibited virogenic structures. Though a matured CpBV particle found in the calyx lumen was encapsidated in a single envelop containing multiple nucleocapsids, numerous free nucleocapsids were observed in the calyx epithelial cells and appeared to undergo assembly step to a final multiple capsid form. The multiple capsid forms appeared to be released into the oviduct lumen. The epithelial cells bordering the oviduct lumen showed phagocytosis presumably due to clearing cellular debris. At the calyx area close to the common oviduct, the epithelial cells appeared to maintain protein synthetic activity due to highly developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, but showed a marked decrease in the viral production.

Cotesia plutellae Bracovirus Genome and Its Function in Altering Insect Physiology

김용균,최재영,제연호 한국응용곤충학회 2007 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.10 No.3

Polydnavirus is a group of animal DNA virus mutually associated with some ichneumonoid wasp. Its relatively large size of genome has been considered as a major source of the parasitoid function to manipulate developmental and immunological processes of target parasitized insects. Cotesia plutellae bracovirus (CpBV) is a polydnavirus derived from C. plutellae, which parasitizes the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. Parasitized P. xylostella exhibits altered physiological symptoms in development and immune reactions. Though several other parasitic factors such as ovarian proteins, venom, and teratocytes are identified, CpBV has been more focused on elucidating various host physiological alterations occurring due to the parasitism, which has driven the CpBV genome project. CpBV attains a typical bracovirus structure by its single unit membrane envelope, in which multiple nucleocapsids are enclosed. Its genome DNAs are segmented and located on the genome of C. plutellae. Its replication begins at adult tissue development during pupal stage. An apparent genome size is 471 kb estimated from 27 segments separated on 5% agarose gel. A current work on the genome has been completely sequenced 24 genomic segments and analyzed their genomic structure. The aggregated genome size is 351,299 bp long and exhibits an average GC content of approximately 34.6%. Average coding density is about 32.3% and 125 putative open reading frames are predicted. Though more than half (52.5%) of predicted genes are annotated as hypothetical, the annotated CpBV genes share amino acid sequence homologies with those of other bracoviral genomes. The annotated genes are classified into the known bracoviral families, in which a family of protein tyrosine phosphatase is the largest including 36 ORFs, suggesting a significant role during parasitization. In addition, 8 and 7 ORFs encode I -like κβ and EP1-like, respectively. Some predicted genes are known only in Cotesia-associated bracoviral genomes. Finally, two homologous genes, CpBV15 / , are αβ unique in CpBV genome, which are not matched to any other known polydnaviral genes. Their homology with malarian circumsporozoite toxin and eukaryotic translation inhibition factors suggests their function in host translation inhibitory factor. This review discusses CpBV genes on their putative physiological functions based on the molecular interactions between the host-parasite.

연구논문 구연발표 : 통상적 마취방법과 컴퓨터 마취시스템으로 국소마취 시행시 느끼는 동통의 비교

김용균,장문택,김형섭 대한치주과학회 2003 대한치주과학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2003 No.2

증례발표 : 치조골 결손부의 implant식립을 위한 골유도재생술의 임상증례

김용균,김형섭 대한치주과학회 2003 대한치주과학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2003 No.1

Furan 구조와 Bismaleimide 구조 간의 가역적 Diels-Alder reaction을 통한 Crosslinking 반응 연구 및 적용

김용균,장상훈,강수민,박하늘,박광용 한국고분자학회 2019 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.44 No.2

Political Institutions and Debt Dynamics in Developing Countries: Centralization of Power is a Double-Edged Sword

김용균,Daniel C. O'Neill 이화여자대학교 이화사회과학원 2019 사회과학연구논총 Vol.35 No.1

While international and domestic economic factors influence a government’s willingness and ability both to accrue and to pay off sovereign debt, political institutions also play an important role. We present an analysis of the effects of political institutions on foreign-debt buildup and reduction in developing countries. Our findings show that the degree of centralization of power, whether through presidential systems, unified governments, or the lack of a federal or otherwise decentralized system, is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, governments in such systems are more likely to indulge in debt expanding spending sprees, particularly left leaning governments, during election years, in more democratic states. On the other hand, governments with more centralized power are better able to cut spending and reduce debt, particularly those operating within more authoritarian political institutions. Overall, our findings imply that centralized power in the hands of a national executive in a highly democratic setting is more likely to lead to rapid foreign debt buildup, yet executives in such settings are often unable to take the drastic measures needed to reduce debt in times of imminent crisis. In short, political institutions impact both debt buildup and debt reduction.

품질경영 2 : 중소기업의 수입검사체계 개선사례

김용균,심창건,이상호,변재현 대한산업공학회 1999 대한산업공학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.1999 No.-