錦江中流의 魚族資源의 調査와 保護

金溫植 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1977 과학교육연구 Vol.9 No.1

Fresh water pollution has become severe in Korea as the human and industrial wastes increased. The habitats and nursing places for the fishes in the river is changed very often. And furthermore Tae Chung Dam is now under consturction on the Keum River so it might be necessary to investigate the fish fauna before the dam is completed. Biochemical Oxygen Demand(B.O.D.) power of Hydrogen(pH) and fresh water fish fauna was observed in the Keum River and it's branch stream, over a period of two years from 1976 to 1977. The fishes of 45 Species (27 families 35 genus) wee collected at 7 stations shown on Fig 1. Table 2 shows the 45 species of fishes collected in Keum River near Kongju. Depth of water in the Keum River was meausred at the measuring post from may to december as shown in Fig 2 and Fig 3. In the Keum River basin, the flood-to-Peak interval is short.(Depth of water from 580㎝ was decreased to 150㎝ in 5 days) Range of pH was from 7.0 to 9.2 as shown on Table 1. Culter brevicauda Gunther was caught at station 6 and it is the first time that the fish was caught in Keum River. Nine out of 26 species of endemic fishes to Korea were colected during the period. and there are 7 more species of fishes to be classified. I found many places where the poison had been used in pursuit of fishes, though it is forbidden by the law of fishery. Therefore, I offer many preservation areas to be established by the government for the fresh water fishes in each River in Korea. B.O.D and pH in the Keum River shows that we need to learn how to traet industrial wastes with a minimum of pollution and to preserve the environment for the fishes and also for haman being.

美國 미주리州 中高等學校와 大學에서의 生物敎育

金溫植 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1993 과학교육연구 Vol.24 No.1

Biology education at secondary schools and University in Missouri Columbia was studied from Aug. 1991 to Aug. 1992. At junior high school, the following book, Science Plus Ⅰ. Ⅱ and Ⅲ. are now being used as science text books, in some district, in four countries, Canada, United States, Australia and England. These text books were first published by Canadians in Canada: Prof. Charles P. McFadden and others. Teh principal aims of the Science Plus were to develop students scientific ideas, process skills, process objective and concept objectives by the teaching method of directed discovery and inquiry-oriented approach. Science-Technology-Socity is emphasized in teaching each chapter. In senior high schools, Bioscience, Biology, Honor`s Biology, Advanced Biology. Human Anatomy Physiology, and the Structure of Human Body were taught to the students according to their ability and college preparatory course. Biology education in University is essential for those preparing for the professional jobs such as biol-ogist, medical doctor, dentist, veterinarian, optometrist, podiatrician, nurse, holticulturist Hospital Administnation and etc.

꿩의 생태와 금엽구

金溫植 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1971 과학교육연구 Vol.4 No.1

Both animals and the birds have become severly rare since the world War 2 is world wide problem. The wildlife managers of Korean ministry of forest has been surveying the brid and animal population for the past a few years. They found that the population of birds and animals is declining and a few species were nowhere plentifnl and were absent in some area where it was formerly abundant. Thirteen species of birds were designated as natural monument. The licence fee for the Korean hunters were raised to five times more than before, and it is very expensive compared to the American resident license fee in the states where they live. Registered hunters are 14,640 in Korea, and it is 0.0004% of total population of Korea. But it is not to be compared to 7.7% in American and 0.3% in Japan. Some species of birds have become so rare that they were hardly seen except the pheasants. Some Ginseng growers in Kumsan and Buyoe area were worrying about the pheasants for they destroyed a great deal of Ginseng from February to November. Soy beans, Rice, Sweet potatoes, Redpeppers, Wheats, and many other crops ware decreased by the phesants, for they like to eat those farm products. A pheasant eat more than 150 grams of soy beans at one time in the morning, and same amount in the afternoon. Many persons use the potassium cyanide and other poisonus reagnts to get the phesants near farmland though it is not legal. potassium cyanide is usually sealed in soy beans, rice, and other food which the pheasant like to take. The phesants are still abundant in many areas of farmland and mountainside in Korea. I found more than 3.0 pheasants per an hour through 16 kilometers of walk of mountainside and farmland with an English pointing dog. American biologist cited that the decrease of pheasant population was due to changing agricultural practices. Some examples are the increasingly larger cropfields with less edge or escape cover, mowing hay early or at night, there by destroying nests; spraying herbidcides, and pesticides, fungicides, and excessive use of inorganic fertilizers. Shooting is not responsible for the declining of pheasants population. I observed the habits of pheasants from September 1969 to Ferbruary 1972. For this result, it is not so worth-while to extend the game sanctuary like now but to reduce the hunting periods as November 1 to February 28. And pottassium cyanide must be dealed with care and not to be sold to general persons.

미국, 일본, 한국의 고등학교 과학 교육과정 비교 : 생물학을 중심으로 Especially on Biology

김온식 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1996 과학교육연구 Vol.27 No.1

고교 졸업에 필요한 필수 학점은 고교 4년간 정규반에서는 (Hoover city High School) 24학점이고 상위반에서는 26학점이다(부록 1). 나머지 시간에 선택과목을 공부 할 수 있다. 또, 과학의 필수학점은 2 또는 3학점 (6단위)이다. AP 생물, 해부생리, AP 화학 과목도 의대 진학생을 위해 개설되있었다. 일본의 경우는 과학은 총합이과와 물리 LA, 물리 IB와 화학 LA, 화학 IB와 생물 I, 생물 IB와 지학 LA, 끝으로 지학 IB의 5개 분야에서 두가지 분야를 이수한다. 따라서, 이수 학점은 총 12단위이지만 학생의 진로에 따라서는 그 이상도 될 수 있다(文部省, 1988). 한국은 공통과학을 모든 고교 1학년에서 필수로 하고 (교육부, 1992) 물리, 화학, 생물, 지구과학의 각각 Ⅰ과 Ⅱ중에서 진로에 따라 필수로 선택하여 이수한다. Essential minimum credit hours for the graduation of Hoover Senior High School are 24 in regular class and 26 in advanced academic class. Essential credit hours for science are 2 or 3, but much more credit courses, such as AP Biology, Anatomy and Physioloby, AP Chemistry are offered to college-bound students, especially for those interested in medical or science career. Japanese students take two courses out of five courses namely, Integrated Science and Physics LA, Physics IB and Chemistry LA, Chemistry LA, Biology IB and Earth Science LA, and Earth Science IB. Essential credit hours required for high school students are 12 or more according to their future plan. Korean Ministry of Education has planned to introduce Integraged Science as essential subjects for all the 10th grade students. Ⅰ or Ⅱ courses are reguired as essential from Physics Ⅰand Ⅱ, Chemistry Ⅰand Ⅱ, Biology Ⅰand Ⅱ, Earth Science Ⅰand Ⅱ as electives.

충남 서북부 지방에 위치한 가야산의 곤충상

김온식,이재호 공주대학교 기초과학연구소 1992 論文集 Vol.30 No.1

The Surveys on the land insects(except soil insects) living in provincial park, Mt. Kaya, the North-Western district of Chungnam, were taken from April 1991 to August 1992. The results obtained are as follows; Classified groups of the land insects that were examined at Mt. Kaya resulted in 11 Orders, 92 Families, 435 Species. At the entire area of Dusksan and Eungbong myon(Site 1.) in Mt. Kaya, 11 orders,91 Families, 430 Species were collected, and in Haemi and Woonsan myon(Site 2) in Mt. Kaya, 11 Orders, 89 Families, 401 Species were collected. According to the Illustrated by the Korean rare and critical Flora-Fauna(1989) that was published by The Korea Association for Conservation of Nature, the three rare species, Kirkaldyia deyrollel, Cer iagr ion melanulum and Luciola lateralis, were collected in this area. Coreana micdaelis which Shin said in 1988 to be found only in Kyonggido and Kangwondo, were also collected in this area. We need to preserve this area because there are various kinds of land insects living in the top area of Mt. Kaya.

Edgar Keicy의 영적 치료의학의 법칙

김온식 공주대학교 동양학연구소 1999 초자연현상연구 Vol.6 No.-

알기쉬운 기공입문

김온식 공주대학교 동양학연구소 2001 정신과학 Vol.8 No.-

미국흰불나방의 인공 및 생물학적 방제에 관한 연구

김온식 한국곤충학회 1982 Korean journal of entomology Vol.12 No.2

미국흰불나방은 잠복소를 이용하여 방제하고 천적과 인간에게 유해한 살충제 사용을 극소화하는 방법을 조사하였다. 총계 35,538개의 용을 채집조사한 결과 피기생율은 42.180(68%)였다. 푸라타나스 거목군(흉고직경 60cm)에서 자란 유충이 제일잘 생장하고 용도 컸다. 푸라타나스 나무에는 미국흰불나방 유충이 용화할 장소가 많았다. 용의 피기생율은 평균 7.8%이고 살충제 사용을 안한 구역은 피기생율도 높았다. 피기생율이 높은 곳은 25.8%였다. 11종의 맵시벌과 침파리 2종, 무늬 수중다리좀벌, 배추벌레살이금좀벌 등의 용기생천적과 포식성천적을 합쳐서 30종의 천적을 발견했다. 이들 포식성 천적중 8종은 거미였다. 잠복소의 설치는 6월 26일이전에 설치해야만 1세대 미국흰불나방용을 모두 방제할 수 있고 8월 26일 이전에 또다시 설치해야만 2세대 미국흰불나방용을 방제할 수 있으며 이보다 일찍하는 것은 좋으나 이보다 늦을때는 조기에 용화하는 유충을 놓치게 된다. 동면한 용에서 천적은 4월말까지 우화하고 미국흰불나방은 5월에 우화함으로 잠복소의 소각은 4월말에야 하고 6월에 설치한 잠복소에서 채집한 미국흰불나방용의 우화와 천적은 같은 시기인 7월에 우화함으로 천적만을 우화탈출케 하려면 강목 3.0mm$\times$3.5mm의 강창붙은 창고에 해체한 잠복소를 보존하면 좋다. 이 방법으로 잠복소는 한번 더 이용할 수 있고 천적은 보호할 수 있다고 생각된다. The pupal parasitoids of summer and winter pupae of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea, were investigated from March 1978 to August 1982. Pupae and parasitoid emergence from band traps set on road side trees was studied to determine ways to insure the effectiveness of parasitoids as natural enemies of fall weborm larvae, thus minimizing the necessity of using insecticides, potentially harmful to parasitoids and to man, to control the fall webworm. In this study 24,180(68%) adult fall webworms emerged from 35,538 collected pupae. The pupae collected from groups of Platanus trees(tree diameter at breast height 60cm.) were the largest in site. Platanus trees proved to be supplying more pupating sites than other trees, probably because large pieces of the bark peel off providing many protected spaces beneath which the final instar larvae can pupate. A total of 2,776(7.5%) of the pupae had parasitoids. More parasitoids emerged from pupae collected from areas where insecticides were not sprayed than from those where they were used. The highest rate of parasitism at a single locality was 25.8%. Fourteen species of hymenopterous and two species of dipterous parasitoids were collected. In addition, fourteen species of predators were observed during this survey. Thirty nine species of spiders(belonging to ten families and 26 genera) were collected from winter band traps. Eight of these species prey on larvae of H, cunea in summer was proved. Generally, pupating begins as early as June 26th for larvae from overwintering pupae(first generation) and around August 26th for new larvae(second generation). The setting of band traps should be finished before these dates. Thus setting band traps twice a year is more effective than a single setting. Generally, the parasitoids in overwintering pupae emerged in April but the fall webworm adults emerged in May. This suggests that band traps should be burned around the last of April, about ten days before emergence of the fall webworms. Parasitoids and fall webworm adults emerged from diapausing pupae at the same time in July. Keeping the removed straw mats in a warehouse with netted windows(mesh size 3.0mm$\times$3.5mm) allows only parasites to escape. In this way straw mats mar be used more than once and additional parasite preservation is insured.

洪城 保寧地區의 烏樓山과 其外의 山에서 採集한 昆忠과 다른 生物에 대하여

李元求,金溫植 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1986 과학교육연구 Vol.18 No.1

忠南 洪城群, 保寧群의 六個 調査區에서 採集한 飛蟲은 70科 232種이고, 全體 動物은 97科 303種이 採集, 또는 確認되었다. 北韓에만 捿息하는 것으로 알려진 산굴뚝나비 (Minois antonoe Staudinger) 가 이곳에서 發見되었다. 西韓없고 中韓과 北韓에만 있는 것으로 알려진 꼬마부전나비 (Cupido minimus Fuessly)가 發見되었다. 西韓에만 사는 바둑돌부전나비 (Taraka hamada Druce) 와 中韓에서만 棲息하는 부처나비 (Mycalesis gotoma Moore )가 確認되었다. 이 調査는 人間의 于涉으로 減少되어 가는 이 地域 動物相 硏究의 基礎資料가 될 것이다. Animal fauna of Hongsung and Boryong area was studied from July to November in 1985. Insects, spiders, and other organi는 collected or observed in this area were classified into 303 species under 97 families. A butterfly named Minois antonoe sibirica Ataudinger which is endemic to north Korea was collected. Cupido minimus Fuessly, a butterfly, is also an unrecorded species in this area. Seventy families out of ninty seven families were insects collected in Hongsung and Boryong district. In is the first datum of animal fauna in this area, where a million volt thermo generation electric power plant is located nearby. Studies on the insects fauna of this area will give us comparable darum in the near future for the environ-ment changes incessantly.

韓國의 中學校 科學敎科書와 美國 SciencePlus의 生物領域 比較

박광순,신진범,김온식 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1997 과학교육연구 Vol.28 No.1

한국의 중학교 과학교과서와 미국 SciencePlus의 생물영역을 내용을 검토하고 상호 비교 분석한 결과 다음과 같다. 생물영역의 지면 수를 보면 한국 과학교과서는 265쪽인데 미국의 SciencePlus는 294쪽이었으나 SciencePlus는 그 내용이 탐구학습에 초점을 두고 많은 연습문제로 되어있다. SciencePlus는 많은 그림이 천연색으로 소개되어 생동감 있는 자료로 소개되었으며 그림을 보면 학습목표에 도달하도록 교도발견 식으로 편제되었고 탐구문제가 단원마다 그 앞에 8∼17항목이 있었다. 실험 수를 보면 한국 과학교과서는 60회 미국 SciencePlus는 33회로 되어 있었고. SciencePlus의 경우 한국 과학교과서 보다 실험 수는 줄이고 실험을 설명하는 그림이나 사진으로 대치하고 우수 학생을 위한 지도 자료가 교사용 지도서에 많이 제시되었다. 수준 강조도를 보면 한국 과학교과서는 개체, 조직과 기관 순으로 지면 수를 점유했으며 미국 SciencePlus에서는 생물과 환경 단원이 많은 지면 수로 점유했다. S.T.S 주제 영역에 따른 강조도의 지면 수를 비교하면 한국은 전체 지면의 6.3%의 점유로 ①기술 발달의 영향 ②환경 ③천연자원 순으로 구성되었으며 미국 SciencePlus는 전체 지면의 76.5%의 점유로 ①환경 ②천연자원 ③과학 사회학 순으로 구성되어 있다. We came to a conclusion after we compared the biology part of the Korean middle school science textbooks with that of SciencePlus in U.S.A. It is as follows. The biology part has 265 pages in the Korean science textbooks, while SciencePlus has 294 pages, and its content is focused on many explorations and composed of examples of brain teasers. In SciencePlus's case, a lot of color pictures are composed in a guided discovery way and they are showed vividly so that students may reach the learning points with ease and including 8 to 17 explorations. Experiments are presented 60 times in the Korean textbooks, while they are presented 33 times in SciencePlus. Though SciencePlus reduced number of experiment than the Korean textbooks, but it has many explorations, brain teasers, science in Actions, Science on your owns, pictures and photographes that can help students to understand well and teaching materials for superior students are shown very much in the guidance book for teachers. When we examine the focus from each level, ontogeny takes the largest, histology and organs are the next in the Korean textbooks, while histology and organs takes the largest, ontogeny is the next in SciencePlus. When we examine the focus of each subject, the structure and the function is emphasized in the Korean textbooks, while life and environment is emphasized in SciencePlus. When we examine pages of the focus according to the subject sphere of S.T.S, in the Korean textbooks the first is the influence of development of technology, the second is environment and the third natural resources (total 6.3%), while the first is environment, the next is natural resources and the third is sociology of science in SciencePlus (total 76.5%).