http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
한국의 제2형 당뇨병 환자에서 continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion 치료시 혈당 / 인슐린 지수와 당질/인슐린 비에 관한 연구
김선두(Sun Doo Kim),이길도(Kil Do Lee),김순제(Soon Je Kim),최의광(Ewi Kwang Choi),최수봉(Soo Bong Choi),박선민(Sun Min Park) 대한내과학회 2000 대한내과학회지 Vol.59 No.6
N/A Background : According to the results of Diabetes Control and Complication Trial, the best strategy to prevent and/or delay diabetic complications is to maintain the normal blood glucose levels. This led to emphasize the necessity of intensive management of diabetes. The purpose of the study was to determine blood glucose/insulin index and carbohydrate (CHO)-to-insulin ratios after normalization of blood glucose levels, and to select the factors to influence the blood glucose/insulin index and CHO-to-insulin ratios in Korean type 2 diabetic patients with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) treatment using insulin pump and CHO counting as a meal management. Methods : Fifty-five type 2 diabetic patients who started CSII therapy checked their blood glucose levels before and after three meals, and recorded the amounts of insulin injected in fasting and each meal and the amounts of carbohydrates consumed in each meal. Actual blood glucose/insulin index and CHO-to-insulin ratio were determined using the records, and also they were calculated using Functional Insulin Treatment Training Methods (FITTM) proposed by Howorka. Calculated values were compared to actual values. The meaningful factors to influence the actual values were selected by backward stepwise regression analysis. Results : The average age of the subjects was 49.9±12.5 years, and the duration of diabetes was 8.7±4.5 years. Their body mass index was 22.5±3.6 kg/m2. Daily insulin requirements to normalize the blood glucose levels reached to maximum levels at l0 day CSII treatment, and they were reduced and stabilized after 20 days of the treatment. The quotient K, representing insulin sensitivity, was also decreased after CSII treatment. The basal insulin index was 0.21 IU/kg at 10 days and 0.16 IU/kg at 20 days in our study, and these values were lower than the value from FITTM, 0.35 IU/kg The blood/glucose index was -2.5 mmol/L at 10 day CSII treatment, and it was decreased to -4.4 mmol/L at 20 day treatment to the stable levels. CHO-to-insulin ratio provided by FITTM was 2.59 IU/CHO exchange unit and the ratio was 3.12 IU/CHO exchange unit at 10 days, which was decreased to 1.84 IU/CHO exchange unit at 20 days in our study. CHO-to-insulin ratios at breakfast from carbohydrate counting were higher than those of lunch and dinner, and the ratios were 1.5 to 2.5 IU/CHO exchange unit. According to the stepwise regression analysis, the blood glucose/insulin index was affected by gender, age, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose levels and fasting c-peptide levels, and CHO-to-insulin ratios were influenced by gender, age, BMI, post-prandial blood glucose levels and post-prandial c-peptide levels. Conclusions : CSII treatment can make blood glucose levels maintain in normal ranges in Korean type 2 diabetic patients, and can improve insulin sensitivity. Basal insulin requirements were lower and prandial insulin requirements were higher than those calculated from FITTM. This difference between Korean and the Western can be related to difference of insulin secretion from pancreas and nutrient intake.(Korean J Med 59:602-611, 2000)
보행자 만족도 분석을 통한 가로환경 개선 계획 : 대구광역시 호림로를 중심으로
김수봉(Soo-bong Kim),정응호(Eung-Ho Jung),전은정(Eun-Jeong Jeon) 계명대학교 낙동강환경원 2006 環境科學論集 Vol.11 No.1
A street road, as an essential aspect and yardstick of representing locality and local culture, can serve as a transit space for accommodating people and vehicles and make a vital impact on local people's activities and scenery. This study is purported to enhance living-environmental function centered upon pedestrian's human aspect through a renovative planning on street environment near Street Horim unlike the earlier notion of emphasizing roads and street vehicles. It is designed to take into account of a pedestrian's safety, a plentiful spacious walking road, a street filled with local features, an qualitative improvement of scenery through an analysis of pedestrian's satisfaction level and also planned to make up a new Street Horim embedded with aspects of citizens' well-being and environmental-friendly space. In conclusion, it is an objective of this paper that will highlight the significance and necessity of street road renovation through a plan of improving street environment near Street Horim and help to create urban scenery for community people.
대구광역시 서구의 옥상녹화를 통한 환경 및 경제적 효과 분석
김수봉(Soo Bong Kim),김경모(Kyung Mo Kim),이춘우(Chun Woo Lee) 계명대학교 낙동강환경원 2007 環境科學論集 Vol.12 No.1
This research centering Seo-Gu of Daegu Metropolitan city found some possible areas and calculated sizes for rooftop greening to analysis environmental and economic effect. As a result of the research, for environmental effects expected, it was appeared to expand greens of 3.5% if the rooftop greening is performed in the target areas and assumed that the expaned areas of 3.5% greens could reduce the temperature to 0.03~0.06℃ in summer. For economic effects, it is found that a expense of cooling energy can be saved out about 8,000,000 won per day if the grass planting is accomplished on the possible areas of rooftops within the target areas. Therefore, to activate the rooftop greening for more environmental and economic effects, it is desirable to take legal supports such as enacting regulations. For instance, rooftop greening at public instition, or school and forming a model area are desirable method to publicize the effect of greening program for citizen's participation. In addition, finacial support by the local government should be provided. It is possibly expected the rooftop greening to be activated when development of professional technique and its suppliance are provided for the rooftop greening.
김수봉,정응호,이승지,Kim Soo-Bong,Jung Eung-Ho,Lee Seung-Ji 한국주거학회 2006 한국주거학회 논문집 Vol.17 No.3
Ten years have passed since the Demolishing Walls Campaign has started in Daegu. Recently, the campaign influenced to the other cities in Korea, such as Seoul, Incheon and Busan with various names regarding cities' circumstances. In these context, the study aims to highlight the identity of the Demolishing Walls Campaign compare Daegu with other cities where similar movement has started. In addition, the study evaluates the campaign in terms of physical, psychological and economical aspects to suggest some practical suggestion for the development of the campaign based on questionnaire survey. The research findings are as follows. The research shows that the identity of the Daegu Campaign is started by bottom-up approach based on citizens' participation compare with others cities' campaigns which are mainly started by the local government so called top-down method. The Daegu campaign influences the local people aware of their potential abilities in positively improving urban environment. The results of survey also highlights the advantages of green spaces which by the campaign in terms of environmental and economical aspects. Newly generating urban greens accept and store heat which Influences urban microclimate conditions and it possibly affects energy savings of the city. Most of survey participants eager to continue this campaign which shows positive results in various aspects by the local people. Therefore, the city government building a coalition of local people, NGOs, and interest group to keep the identity of the campaign in Daegu.