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Antibacterial and in vitro antidementia effects of aronia (Aronia melanocarpa) leaf extracts
김상순,신영재 한국식품과학회 2020 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.29 No.9
This study investigated the antibacterial andin vitro antidementia effects of aronia (Aronia melanocarpa)leaf extracts from 3 cultivars (Nero, Viking, andMcKenzie) collected at three different stages of maturity(young, harvest, and old). Bacillus cereus was susceptibleto the old leaves of cultivars McKenzie and Nero, whereasEscherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, andListeria innocua were not inhibited by any of the extracts. Growth of B. cereus was inhibited by cv. McKenzie,resulting in increased lag time, whereas Nero had both aninhibitory and an inactivation effect. Except for cv. Vikingat harvest stage, the acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesteraseinhibitory activity of aronia leaf extractswere about 60–70 and 70–80%, respectively. Therefore,aronia leaf is a natural resource with a potentially potentantidementia effect, besides antibacterial activity.
Liability of Newness, Startup Capabilities and Crowdfunding Success
김상순 한국마케팅학회 2020 ASIA MARKETING JOURNAL Vol.21 No.4
Though crowdfunding has emerged as a cost-effective means to market innovative products and a channel for financial resource acquisition, our understanding about what makes a successful crowdfunding is still limited. This study is motivated by the presence of the inconsistency that both entrepreneurs and investors pay more attention to capabilities required for developing prototype products rather than capabilities needed to deliver the promised products in crowdfunding. By drawing insights from studies about liability of newness and legitimacy in institutional theory, this study argues that startups can overcome the liability of newness, earn investor trust, and successfully complete crowdfunding campaigns by effectively presenting visible and invisible capabilities. This study presents a set of testable propositions predicting the likelihood of crowdfunding success and explains the theoretical and practical value of the proposed conceptualization of startup capabilities.
김상순,강연욱,Kyung-Ho Yu,이병철 대한치매학회 2016 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.15 No.4
Background and Purpose Many literatures indicate that executive dysfunction exists in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as well as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, there are few studies that found how early the deficits of the executive function (EF) exist in MCI. The present study investigated the presence of executive dysfunctions in the earliest stage of MCI, and the sub-domains of EF which are disproportionately impaired earlier than others. Methods The participants were 41 normal elderly (NE), 86 with amnestic multi-domain MCI, and 41 with mild AD. The MCI group was further sub-divided into two groups: Early MCI (EMCI, n=45) and late MCI (n=41), based on the Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes. All participants were given neuropsychological tests to assess the sub-domains of EF, such as verbal fluency, psychomotor speed, inhibitory control, and mental set-shifting. Results Impairment of semantic fluency was observed in EMCI, with gradual worsening as cases approached mild AD. Phonemic fluency and psychomotor speed were also impaired at the early stage of MCI relative to the NE, but maintained at the same level up to mild AD. EMCI exhibited the same degree of performance with NE for inhibitory control and mental set-shifting; however, they progressively worsened from EMCI to mild AD. Conclusions These results suggest that impairments of EF exist even in the earliest stage of the MCI, with a disproportionate decline in the sub-domains of EF.