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해초 Biochar를 이용한 Cr<sup>6+</sup>과 As<sup>3+</sup> 흡착 특성
김보라,신우석,김영기,Kim, Bo-Ra,Shin, Woo-Seok,Kim, Young-Kee 한국공업화학회 2015 공업화학 Vol.26 No.4
본 연구에서는 제주도에서 채집한 Hizikia fusiformis biochar를 이용하여 수용액 상에서 $Cr^{6+}$과 $As^{3+}$ 중금속의 흡착 특성을 평가하였다. $Cr^{6+}$과 $As^{3+}$ 흡착에 있어서 최적 pH는 각각 pH 2와 pH 6이었다. 동역학적 실험 결과, 대부분의 중금속이 처음 100 min 동안 흡착이 되었으며, 300 min 이후 평형에 도달하였다. 또한, 해초 biochar의 $Cr^{6+}$과 $As^{3+}$ 중금속 흡착은 유사 1차 모델과 2차 모델에서 모두 잘 부합하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 평형 흡착 실험 결과는 Langmuir 모델에 잘 부합했고, $Cr^{6+}$ (25.91 mg/g)이 $As^{3+}$ (16.54 mg/g)보다 흡착량이 높았다. 본 연구 결과를 통해, 오염된 환경에서 해초 biochar는 $Cr^{6+}$ 및 $As^{3+}$ 중금속의 효과적인 흡착제임을 보였다. This study examined the adsorption characteristics of $Cr^{6+}$ and $As^{3+}$ in the aqueous solution by Hizikia susiformis biochar which was collected from Jeju Island. The optimal pH for $Cr^{6+}$ and $As^{3+}$ adsorption were 2 and pH 6, respectively. Kinetic data showed that the adsorption occurred during the first 100 min, and the most of heavy metals were bound to biochars within 300 min. Moreover, the kinetic data presented that the course of adsorption follows the Pseudo first and second order models. The equilibrium data were well fitted by the Langmuir model and the $Cr^{6+}$ adsorption capacity (25.91 mg/g) was higher than that of $As^{3+}$ (16.54 mg/g). From these results, the seaweed biochar was shown to be a efficient adsorbent for $Cr^{6+}$ and $As^{3+}$ metals in a contaminated environment.
The Pulling and Pushing Dilemma: Assessment of the Mongolian FDI Policy
김보라,송병구 사단법인 한국평화연구학회 2014 평화학연구 Vol.15 No.6
One of the main features of recent debates on foreign direct investment (FDI) of Mongolia is that, with FDI policy seen as problematic and therefore less capable of attracting FDI, other policies to promote FDI would be more effective. Thus, assessing the country’s FDI policy is a major challenge for Mongolia to develop more effective policies. Despite of it, however, the research on it has been conducted very insufficiently. The study, therefore, aimed to assess the country’s FDI policy and recommend how to develop successful FDI policies. When assessing the country’s FDI policy, the study used a somewhat similar methodology with Stoever’s study on an assessment of a host country’s FDI policy development. The result of assessment was discussed in consideration of the policy development background and policy recommendations were drawn. The study finds that FDI policy of Mongolia during the research period (1990-August 2014) has fallen into apulling and pushing dilemma. Behind the dilemma there were reflective and resource nationalistic attitudes towards a change in FDI inflow into the country. Basing on the result of the country’s FDI policy assessment, the study proposes two-pronged recommendations.
Structural Analysis of Infinitival Complements in Russian and Serbian/Croatian
김보라 한국슬라브어학회 2011 슬라브어연구 Vol.16 No.1
I have demonstrated that Slavic infinitival complements do not project a uniform syntactic structure. I showed that infinitival complements appear to be morphologically defective in tense and they cannot have a logical subject phrase (LP) and a sentential adverb. In Russian, infinitival complements are bi-clausal since the sentence contains two subjects: the matrix subject and the infinitival subject, PRO. Furthermore, PRO can be in the dative if the infinitival complement projects an additional functional projection FP. Otherwise, PRO agrees with its controller via Multiple Agree. Serbian/Croatian infinitives are classified into two groups: one is a raising construction with a lexical subject, and the other is a Control construction with PRO. The Serbian/Croatian modal +infinitive, causative and perception verb + infinitive, and some subject Control verbs, such as željeti ‘want’, odlučiti ‘decide’, planirati ‘plan’ + infinitive structures are raising constructions. The rest of the infinitives are Control with PRO.
김보라,송병구 사단법인 한국평화연구학회 2015 평화학연구 Vol.16 No.6
Regional dispersion of Korean FDI in Mongolia has a number of significant implications for both Korean firms and Korea. Thus, identifying FDI opportunities in the Mongolian regions and developing ways and strategies to utilize these opportunities are a major challenge for Korea to disperse its FDI regionally throughout Mongolia. Despite of it, however, the research on it has been conducted very insufficiently. The study, therefore, aimed to identify FDI opportunities in the Mongolian regions and recommend how Korean firms to develop FDI strategies to utilize them and regionally disperse in Mongolia. The study finds that first, there are many FDI opportunities in different sectors of the Central, Western, Khangai and Eastern regions of Mongolia, and Korean firms have the possibility to take these opportunities in a way to make technology- and equipment-intensive FDI. Second, by developing FDI strategies reflected product markets, infrastructure, free zones, production and technology parks, competitiveness and investment incentives of the four Mongolian regions, Korean firms can make technology- and equipment-intensive FDI in Mongolia more effectively and through it, Korean FDI in Mongolia can be more effectively dispersed regionally in Mongolia.
김보라,송병구 경희대학교(국제캠퍼스) 국제지역연구원 2015 아태연구 Vol.22 No.3
Developing a framework for the IMA’s external cooperation strengthening is becoming a challenge for the Saikhanbileg government. However, researches to support the Mongolian government to meet such a challenge are almost inexistent. The purpose of this study is, therefore, to investigate how to strengthen the IMA’s cooperation with foreign countries’ IPAs and develop its framework. To reach this purpose, the study adopts an analytical approach of the synergy opportunities of organizations and using this approach, it examines how IMA can strengthen its cooperation with a foreign country IPA, particularly a Korean IPA, Korea Trade Investment Promotion Agency (KOTRA). The study finds that IMA can strengthen its cooperation with KOTRA by taking six synergy opportunities such as the shared know-how, shared tangible resources, pooled negotiating power, coordinated strategies, vertical integration and combined business creation. The study suggests that to take synergy opportunities and strengthen its cooperation with KOTRA, IMA is needed to develop a system for external cooperation, clearly identify sector-specific investment opportunities in Mongolia, influence KOTRA Business Center’s FDI promotion activities in Mongolia, enter into partnership contracts with relevant organizations and expand its FDI promotion activities.
김보라,송병구 한국몽골학회 2014 몽골학 Vol.0 No.38
Strengthening the competitiveness of domestic enterprises, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), is particularly vital for Mongolia to diversify its economy: a development goal contained in the Millennium Development Goals-based Comprehensive National Development Strategy of Mongolia (2007-2021). An establishment of business linkages between local SMEs and foreign affiliates of multinational enterprises (MNEs) is one of the best and fastest ways for local firms to strengthen their competitiveness. Thus, developing a business linkage program has been a major challenge for many developing countries in relevance to the local SMEs’ competitiveness. Despite of it, however, there has not been any formal business linkage program developed and implemented in Mongolia. The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to identify the national linkage program aimed at exploiting business linkages for strengthening the competitiveness of SMEs in Mongolia. To reach this purpose, the paper deals with comprehensive and partial approaches for linkages building. The government of Mongolia can take a comprehensive approach by setting up policy objectives of the program, identifying targets and policy measures to build linkages, and setting up an institutional framework. A partial approach is about to develop and implement the business linkage program within the context of ongoing and upcoming SME development projects in Mongolia. Due to considerable similarities such as the objectives, policy measures, targets and involved organizations, incorporating linkage programs to ongoing SME development projects deserves to be taken into account. The partial approach could become quite a novel approach to the linkage program establishment in developing countries, including Mongolia where the international organizations’ SME development projects of considerable similarities with the linkage program are implemented. The study reaches a conclusion that quite a long time could be required for Mongolia to take the comprehensive approach due to a less preparedness of the country in terms of policy measures and institutional setup. Thus, the partial approach is better available as the pilot business linkage project in the nearest future for Mongolia.
김보라,조벽호 한국공간디자인학회 2011 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.6 No.1
뮤지엄은 그 나라의 문화와 역사?생활 등을 총체적으로 보여주며 인류의 과거와 현재를 연결해주는 매개체이다. 과거의 뮤지엄이 소장품의 전시와 관리에 집중했다면, 현재의 뮤지엄은 관람객과 함께 하나의 커뮤니티를 형성하고 각종 커뮤니케이션이 이루어지는 장으로 의미가 변화 되었다. 이와 같은 변화로 인해 전시환경과 관람객들과의 소통 공간으로서 뮤지엄의 전시환경과 관람객 등에 관한 새로운 관점이 필요하게 되었다. 이 논문에서는 뮤지엄과 관람객을 이어주는 매개역할을 하는 가장 중요한 수단으로 ‘전시환경’의 중요성을 인식하고 이를 위해 ‘뮤지엄 인티머시’라는 개념으로 접근하였다. 또한 전시공간의 뮤지엄 인티머시를 위해 갖추어야할 요소를 통합성syntagmaticality, 상호소통성interactivity, 이동성mobility으로 정리하였다. 뮤지엄이 관람객과 뮤지엄, 관람객과 역사?사회?문화 소통 공간으로 거듭나기 위해 발전적 방향성을 제안하고, 일방적 소통의 시대에서 쌍방향 시대로의 변화라는 흐름 속에서 전시경험을 확대시키고 뮤지엄과 관람객의 관계 속에서 새로운 방향을 제시했다는 점에서 그 의미를 찾을 수 있다. Museum is the medium where it connects the past to the present of the human and shows complexity of culture and history. The museum has been focusing on exhibition and management of the collections. However, the current museum has formed a huge community with visitors and changed to a forum which a various communications are made. As a result of these changes, reestablishment of the conception of recognition of the current museum as a communication space with visitors, an exhibition ambiance, and an enjoyment of a basic cultural right through a museum from a simple space for cultural education has been arising.In the thesis, this paper recognizes the importance of the exhibition environment as the most important means to mediate visitors and the museum, and approaches as the concept of 'museum intimacy'. In addition, it has defined the elements of the exhibition space for museum's intimacy as syntagmaticality, interactivity, and mobility. The meaning can be found that the museum suggests the progressive direction to be the mediating space with visitors, culture, society, and history as well as redefines and studies in the stream of the unilateral communication era to interactive era.