20세기 전기 일본어 학습서의 일본어 한글 표기 연구

김명주(Kim, Myeong-ju) 한국어문학회 2015 語文學 Vol.0 No.128

This study aims to classify the Hangul notation of Japanese shown in Japanese Learning Readers in the early 20th century and make a deep analysis of the method of notation closest to the actual Japanese pronunciation. We examined Hangul notation of Japanese vowel columns specifically choosing エ(e) column and ウ(u) column. We noticed the vast difference in Hangul notation of エ(e) column that ‘ㅕ, ㅖ’ were frequently shown before the 20th century while ‘p’ was more frequently noted in the early 20th century. ス, ズ, ツ, ヅin Hangul notation of ウ(u) column was marked as ‘ㅡ’ before the 20th century while marked as ‘ㅜ’ in the early 20th century along with ‘ㅡ’. Hangul notation of consonants is discussed primarily concerning voiceless sounds, voiced sounds and p-sounds. When it comes to voiceless sounds, チ (?i), ツ(ts?) were fully examined. チwas marked as ‘지, 찌’ before the 20th century while marked as ‘지’ or ‘디’ in the early 20th century. ツwas marked ‘즈, 쯔, ?’ in the literature before the 20th century. The difference between prior to the 20th century and the early 20th century is that Japanese Learning Readers in noting ツas ‘쓰’ was marked only in the early 20th century. Hangul notation of voiced sounds in literature were classified into five categories with some differences in detail (the category 1: 가, the category 2: ?, the category 3: ㅇ가, the category 4: 가?, the category 5: ?). The reason for the category 2 above is that consonants which can be differentiated in Korean can not be differentiated in Japanese such as tense sounds, and the opposite is true in case of voice consonants such as Japanese カ[ka], ガ[ga] which cannot be differentiated in Korean since they are noted with the same syllable 가[ka] and 가[ga]. The category 5 varies in different literature 『日話朝雋(Ilhwajojeon)』 and 『日本語學音·語編(Ilboneohak Eumeopyeon)』marked[+nasal] feature and『無先生增補速修國語讀本(Museonsaeng Jeungbo Soksu Kukeodokbon』 noted [+voice] feature. Hangul notation of p-sounds in literature were classified into five categories (the category 1: 바, the category 2: 파, the category 3: ?, the category 4: ㅇ파, the category 5: ?). Most literature uses the category 2 in their notation.『日本語學音·語編』and 『日語大學(Ileodaehak)』 mark the notation of the voiced sound(the category 5) and p-sound(the category 3) very close to the actual pronunciation.

따뜻한 카리스마로 빛나는 리더 이호영

김명주,Kim, Myeong-Ju 대한제과협회 2006 베이커리 Vol.5 No.-

이슈진단 및 분석 - 여자대학의 위상과 가치

김명주,Kim, Myeong-Ju 한국대학교육협의회 2015 大學敎育 Vol.189 No.-

Analysis of Excluded Volume Effect in Theta Solvent Systems of Polymethyl Methacrylate and Polystyrene by Means of a Modified Scaled Temperature Parameter

김명주,박일현,Kim, Myeong Ju,Park, Il Hyeon Korean Chemical Society 2001 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.22 No.11

The expansion of two different kinds of hydrodynamic size of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA Mw: 1.56- 2.04 ${\times}$ 106 g/mol) has been measured by dynamic light scattering and viscometry above the Flory $\theta$ temperature of the variou s solvents such as n-butyl chloride, 3-heptanone, and 4-heptanone. The expansion of PMMA chains was analyzed in terms of universal temperature parameters and also compared with previous results of polystyrene (PS) system. First it was found that simple $\tau/{\tau}c$ parameter no longer had its universality for the expansion behavior of hydrodynamic size in the chemically different linear polymer chains. However after modifying ${\tau}/{\tau}c$ parameter into $(Mw/Ro2)3}2(\tau/\tauc)$, we observed a much better universality for both PMMA and PS systems. Here Mw, Ro, $\tau[=(T-{\theta}$)/${\theta}$]$, and ${\tau}c[=({\theta}-Tc)/Tc]$ are defined as the weight average molecular weight, the unperturbed end-to-end distance, the reduced temperature and the reduced critical temperature, respectively.

2006년 제1차 이사회-새로운 계획과 비전으로 회원 위한 사업 새 출발

김명주,Kim, Myeong-Ju 대한제과협회 2006 베이커리 Vol.3 No.-

원순모음화의 원인과 내적 재구형의 타당성 고찰

김명주(Kim Myeong-ju) 한글학회 2017 한글 Vol.- No.317

‘믈〉물(水), 블〉불(火)’로 대표되는 원순모음화는 17~18세기 국어에서 나타나는 특징적인 음운 변화 현상으로 다루어져 왔다. 선행 연구에서 15세기 국어에서 나타나는 ‘나모’(木)를 ‘*나ᄆᆞᆨ’으로, ‘몬져’(先)를 ‘*ᄆᆞᆫ져’로 내적 재구하였으며, 이후 다른 연구에서 이 재구형이 그대로 받아들여져 왔다. ‘나모’를 ‘*나ᄆᆞᆨ’으로, ‘몬져’를 ‘*ᄆᆞᆫ져’로 재구하기 위해서는 15세기 이전 국어에서 원순모음화 현상이 일어나 일정 시기에 이들 어형이 재구조화되었다고 보아야 한다. 이 글에서는 15세기 국어에서부터 현대 국어까지 나타나는 원순모음화 현상이 다음과 같은 특징이 있음을 확인하였다. 첫째, 원순모음화 현상은 모음 체계에서 원순성에 의한 대립 관계가 형성되었을때 수의적인 음운 변동으로 실현된다. 둘째, 모음 체계의 변화로 인해 원순성에 의한 대립 관계가 변할 때 어형의 재구조화가 급격히 일어난다. ‘나모’를 ‘*나ᄆᆞᆨ’에서 원순모음화가 반영된 결과로 보기 위해서는 15세기 문헌에서 한 번 이상 ‘나ᄆᆞᆨ’형이 나타나거나 이전 시기 국어에서 원순성에 의한 대립 관계의 변화가 전제되어야 한다. 그러나 현재로서는 이를 파악하기 어렵기 때문에 이들 재구형은 타당성을 얻기 어렵다. Vowel rounding, such as ‘믈〉물, 블〉불’, is considered a characteristic phonological change of the 17th- and 18th-century Korean language. According to previous research, forms such as ‘나모’ and ‘몬져’, which appeared in 15th-century Korean language, were internally reconstructed as ‘*나ᄆᆞᆨ’ and ‘*ᄆᆞᆫ져’ respectively. This view was embraced by subsequent studies. In order to reconstruct ‘나모’ and ‘몬져’ as ‘*나ᄆᆞᆨ’ and ‘*ᄆᆞᆫ져’, the vowel rounding phenomenon must have occurred earlier than 15th century and these forms must be seen as having been restructured. This paper verifies the following characteristics of the vowel rounding phenomena that occurred from 15th-century Korean to modern Korean language. First, vowel rounding occurs as an optional phonological change when opposition between rounded vowels occurs within the vowel system. Second, when a change in the vowel system causes the opposition of rounded vowels to change, restructuring occurs. That is, in order to see ‘나모’ as the result of the rounding of ‘*나ᄆᆞᆨ’, either the form ‘나ᄆᆞᆨ’ should appear at least once or a change in the opposition between rounded vowels should occur in the 15th-century Korean texts. However, it is hard to validate the reconstructed forms due to the difficulty to grasp the aforementioned two premises.

사회상황이야기 중재가 ADHD 아동의 문제행동과 또래관계에 미치는 효과

김명주 ( Kim Myeong Ju ),황순영 ( Hwang Soon Young ) 한국정서행동장애학회 2020 정서ㆍ행동장애연구 Vol.36 No.1

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of Social Stories on ADHD children on problem behaviors and peer relationships. Participants were 5 elementary school students in the lower grades of ADHD. Problem Behavior social stories 5 and peer-related social stories 5 were produced and 20 session interventions were conducted for each child. The research design used a one-group pretest-posttest design. To measure the differences in problem behaviors and peer relationships of ADHD students in pre-test and post-tests, K-CBCL(Korean Child Behavior Checklist) and Peer Relationship Test(Pettit, 1988) was tested. Analyst triangulation was used to analyze in-depth changes in problem behaviors and peer relationships of the children. As a result, first, social story intervention had a positive effect on the hyperactivity, impulse, and attention concentration which is a sub-element of ADHD children's problem behavior. Second, social story mediation had a partially positive effect on the peer relationship of children with ADHD. Through the results of this study, we applied the social cognitive strategy based on the social theory of mind theory to ADHD children, suggesting the possibility of using it as an alternative educational intervention program along with the existing intervention method.

개천문학에 있어서의 변용 -『東洋の秋』를 중심으로-

김명주 ( Kim Myeong Ju ) 한국일본어교육학회 2004 일본어교육 Vol.27 No.-

本稿は芥川文學の變容を「東洋の秋」を對象にしてその當爲と共に考察したものである。大正9年4月「沼」と倂載され、同じく大正7年3月という日付が施されながらも、思想的基調において二作が全く異質的な樣相を見せるということを手掛かりにしている。 まず、自筆原稿からすると發表日である大正9年頃のものと字體が多いに類似しており、それに草稿とされる「寒山拾得」も大正8年頃のものと見なされ、その時期的な開きが問われる。 文體的な面からは、中期への確かな轉換を示ずものとされる、大正8年5月に發表された「蜜柑」と對照していく。それらには「云ひやうのない疲勞と倦怠」という表現がほぼ同じ形で示されており、それから、「賣文生活」という語も見える。それから感動の場面の系譜に入れて考えると、それらの表現がほぼ類似しており、また感動の對象、程度なども等質のものに見え、少なくとも大正8年以後のものに見合うものと推定する。 思想的な面においては、「寒山拾得」と對照しながら、漱石により始まった東洋藝術への進展とこれまでの西歐文學への懷疑という藝術觀の根本的な變化を描出したものと見なす。 それから<秋>という李節感に注目し、同じ時期に發表された「秋」や「舞踏會」などを拳げつつ、それが東洋的諦觀の境地を效果的に完成するためのモチ-フと見なす。 最後に日付謎に迫リ、ではなぜ大正7年と記したのかという疑問を示す。これについてはまず森鷗外との關係を問う。鷗外は大正5年「寒山拾得」という作品を出していうからである。そこで鷗外に對する心境の變化を徐??タに追っていき、それが<歷史小說>や<歷史物>と呼ばれる二人の作家の器量の差だけでなく、芥川自らの根本的な文學的變容に起因するものとしながらも、大正8年頃の、ある事件に注目し、その以後二人の間に變化が生じたと見定める。それに日付の記された大正11年の『沙羅の花』の出版とほぼ同じ時期に鷗外が死んでおり、そういう中で日付は決められていったと推察する。つまり、鷗外との關連性を突き放す形で、己の文學的原点とその營爲を師の漱石に起因させようとする芥川の意志の表れが日付ではなかろうかと結論付けるには至らず、心底は謎のままにしてあかなければならない。

운미 민영익 문인화의 발분저화 (發憤著畵)적 심미의식(審美意識) 고찰

김명주 ( Myeong-ju Kim ) 한국미학예술학회 2018 미학예술학연구 Vol.53 No.-

An artist embodies the style of his or her own through specific artworks by expressing his or her spirit of elegance in the works. Such style of elegance is expressed in Unmi's painting and calligraphic works in the form of orchid and bamboo. Underneath his works lies his awareness that his works are stirred by his emotions and sorrows. The painting and calligraphic works of Unmi specifically embodied such awareness as the aesthetics of sincere vitality. His art works reflect his awareness of fidelity and the real pride towards Jeodonggung Princess of Joseon Dynasty, which is his awareness of resistance with strong dignity and belief. Underneath his dignity and belief of benevolence and righteousness lies his conviction and victory towards himself. The simple brushstroke expressed in Unmi's paintings holds his mind and spirit of everlasting vitality. Unmi's emotion of grief followed by national ruins, namely the spirit of pride of scholars in the age of Joseon, were elegantly expressed in black ink. The feeling of deep agony and sorrow of a scholar in the turbulent age of Joseon was consistently expressed in the form of Nogeunran(露根蘭: orchids with exposed roots), vulnerable bamboo leaves and bluntly cut bamboo, which can also be regarded as his self-portrait. In other words, the images of Nogeunran and cut bamboo are embodiments of Unmi's spirit of righteousness and allegiance. Such awareness of Unmi reflects his spirit of Cheonsangmyodeuk(遷想妙得: acquiring the artistic idea through the full understanding and analysis of the subject).

『한청문감』에 나타난 ㆍ표기와 그 변화 양상

김명주(Kim Myeong-ju) 한글학회 2016 한글 Vol.- No.314

이 글은 ㆍ의 비음운화와 관련하여 주목 받아온 『한청문감』(1779)을 대상으로 18세기 말기에 일어난 ㆍ의 표기와 그 변화 양상을 연구하기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 음절 위치와 선행 자음에 따라 나누어 검토하였다. 다음과 같은 사실을 통해 이 시기에 ㆍ의 제1단계 변화는 어느 정도 확산되었으나 여전히 진행 중이며, 제2단계 변화는 초기의 모습을 띤다고 간주하였다. 첫째, 이 자료에서 이전 시기의 ㆍ는 대부분 음절 위치에 관계없이 ㆍ가 여전히 사용되었다. 둘째, 어휘형태소에서 어두 위치에 사용된 ㆍ는 ㅏ로 변화하였다. 또 그 변화에 수반하여 ㅏ가 ㆍ로 교체된 표기도 나타났다. ㆍ>ㅏ 변화를 겪은 예들 중 상당수는 원래의 ㆍ가 그대로 표기된 어형과 공존하였다. ㅏ가 ㆍ로 교체된 예들도 원래의 ㅏ가 그대로 쓰인 어형과 함께 쓰였다. 셋째, 어휘형태소에서 비어두 위치 ㆍ는 ㆍ> ㅏ, ㆍ>ㅡ, ㆍ>ㅗ로 변화하였다. 또 그 변화에 수반된 ㅏ>ㆍ, ㅡ>ㆍ, ㅗ>ㆍ 교체 표기가 나타났다. 이들 변화는 16세기부터 시작되어 18세기에는 더욱더 확대된 양상을 보여주었다. 넷째, 문법형태소 대부분은 ㆍ>ㅡ의 변화를 겪었음을 확인하였다. 관형사형 어미 ‘-난’은 선행 모음과 관계없이 ‘-난’으로 쓰였다. 그 외 문법형태소에서 선행 자음이 표기상 ㅎ일 경우 ㆍ와 ㅡ가 함께 쓰였다. 이는 ‘(X)하-’의 보수적 표기가 다른 문법형태소를 표기할 때도 영향을 끼친 것으로 보인다. 다섯째, 어두 위치의 ㆍ>ㅏ 변화는 그 예가 적어 선행 자음과의 관련성을 파악하기 어려웠다. 여섯째, 비어두 위치의 ㆍ>ㅡ 변화는 선행 자음이 모든 자음으로 확대되었음을 확인하였다. Focusing on Hancheongmungam(1779), this paper investigates the notation of arae a /ㆍ/ and the changes it underwent in late 18<SUP>th</SUP> century, based on the position of the syllable in which arae a /ㆍ/ occurs and the preceding consonant. The following characteristics drawn by this investigation underpins the idea that this period constitutes the first phase of the dephonologization of arae a /ㆍ/. First, most of the arae a /ㆍ/ present in this material are being used regardless of the position of the corresponding syllable. Second, in the case of lexical morphemes, arae a /ㆍ/ in word-initial position tend to display the following changes: ㆍ>ㅏ, ㅏ>ㆍ. When arae a /ㆍ/ becomes a /ㅏ/, a considerable number of examples correspond to word-forms which have kept intact the notation of the original arae a /ㆍ/ and both spellings are used indifferently. Similarly, cases where a /ㅏ/ becomes arae a /ㆍ/ correspond to word-forms originally written with a /ㅏ/ and both forms are found in Hancheongmungam. Third, non-initial position arae a /ㆍ/ in lexical morphemes may undergo the following changes: ㆍ> ㅏ, ㅏ>ㆍ, ㆍ>ㅡ, ㅡ>ㆍ, ㆍ>ㅗ, ㅗ>ㆍ. These changes, which began in the 16<SUP>th</SUP> century, considerably expanded in the 18<SUP>th</SUP> century. Fourth, in the case of grammatical morphemes most of arae a /ㆍ/ appear to have undergone the change ㆍ>ㅡ. The adnominal clause ending -nun ‘-난’ uniformly remains -nun ‘-난’ regardless of the preceding vowel. As for the remaining grammatical morphemes, if the preceding consonant is h /ㅎ/, arae a /ㆍ/ and u /ㅡ/ are used simultaneously. The conservative notation of ‘(X)하-’ can be seen as influencing the notation of other grammatical morphemes. Fifth, the ᆞ> ㅏ change in word-initial position is not frequent and cannot easily be correlated with the preceding consonant. Sixth, the ㆍ>ㅡ change in non-initial position appears to occur no matter the preceding consonant.