원자층 증착법을 적용한 리튬 이온 전지 연구 동향

김동하,최병준,Kim, Dong Ha,Choi, Byung Joon 한국분말야금학회 2016 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.23 No.2

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are rapidly improving in capacity and life cycle characteristics to meet the requirements of a wide range of applications, such as portable electronics, electric vehicles, and micro- or nanoelectro-mechanical systems. Recently, atomic layer deposition (ALD), one of the vapor deposition methods, has been explored to expand the capability of LIBs by producing near-atomically flat and uniform coatings on the shell of nanostructured electrodes and membranes for conventional LIBs. In this paper, we introduce various ALD coatings on the anode, cathode, and separator materials to protect them and improve their electrochemical and thermomechanical stability. In addition, we discuss the effects of ALD coatings on the three-dimensional structuring and conduction layer through activation of electrochemical reactions and facilitation of fluent charge collection.

Quality of Life and Disease Severity Are Correlated in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis

김동하,이갑석,서성준,Sun Jin Jo,임현우,김철민,김규한,Do Won Kim,Moon-Bum Kim,김진우,노영석,Young Lip Park,박천욱,Seung-Chul Lee,조상현 대한의학회 2012 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.27 No.11

Quantification of quality of life (QOL) related to disease severity is important in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), because the assessment provides additional information to the traditional objective clinical scoring systems. To document the impact of AD on QOL for both children and adults as well as to quantify the relationship with disease severity, QOL assessments were performed over a 6-month period on 415 patients with AD. A questionnaire derived from the Infants’ Dermatitis Quality of Life Index (IDQOL), the Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) was used to determine the QOL for 71 infants, 197 children and 147 adults,respectively. To measure AD severity, both the Rajka & Langeland scoring system and the Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index were used. The mean scores were as follows:7.7 ± 5.5 for IDQOL, 6.6 ± 6.3 for CDLQI, and 10.7 ± 7.9 for DLQI. In conclusion, these QOL scores are correlated with AD severity scores as estimated by the Rajka & Langeland severity score and the SCORAD. The outcome of the QOL instruments in this study demonstrates that atopic dermatitis of both children and adults affects their QOL.

전처리를 이용한 탄소 나노 섬유의 균일한 SnO₂ 코팅막 형성

김동하,류도형,최병준,Kim, Dong Ha,Riu, Doh-Hyung,Choi, Byung Joon 한국분말야금학회 2018 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.25 No.1

Carbon nanofibers (CNF) are widely used as active agents for electrodes in Li-ion secondary battery cells, supercapacitors, and fuel cells. Nanoscale coatings on CNF electrodes can increase the output and lifespan of battery devices. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) can control the coating thickness at the nanoscale regardless of the shape, suitable for coating CNFs. However, because the CNF surface comprises stable C-C bonds, initiating homogeneous nuclear formation is difficult because of the lack of initial nucleation sites. This study introduces uniform nucleation site formation on CNF surfaces to promote a uniform $SnO_2$ layer. We pretreat the CNF surface by introducing $H_2O$ or $Al_2O_3$ (trimethylaluminum + $H_2O$) before the $SnO_2$ ALD process to form active sites on the CNF surface. Transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy both identify the $SnO_2$ layer morphology on the CNF. The $Al_2O_3$-pretreated sample shows a uniform $SnO_2$ layer, while island-type $SnO_x$ layers grow sparsely on the $H_2O$-pretreated or untreated CNF.

신개발정화조의 오염절감효과 및 경제성 분석

김동하,박흥석,박완철 ( Dong Ha Kim,Hung Suck Park,Wan Chul Park ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 1991 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.8 No.2

공간가중회귀 모형을 이용한 서울시 에너지 소비에 따른 이산화탄소 배출 분석

김동하,강기연,손소영,Kim, Dong Ha,Kang, Ki Yeon,Sohn, So Young 대한산업공학회 2016 대한산업공학회지 Vol.42 No.2

Effort to reduce energy consumptions or CO2 emissions is global trend. To follow this trend, spatial studies related to characteristics affecting energy consumptions or CO2 emissions have been conducted, but only with the focus on spatial dependence, not on spatial heterogeneity. The aim of this study is to investigate spatial heterogeneity patterns of CO2 emission based on socio-economic factors, land-use characteristics and traffic infrastructure of Seoul city. Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) analysis was performed with 423 administrative district data in Seoul. The results suggest that population and employment densities, road density and railway length in most districts are found to have positive impact on the CO2 emissions. Residential and green area densities also have the highest positive impact on CO2 emissions in most districts of Gangnam-gu. The resulting model can be used to identify the spatial patterns of CO2 emissions at district level in Seoul. Eventually it can contribute to local energy policy and planning of metropolitan area.

아토피피부염에 대한 환자의 인식도 설문조사 연구

김동하 ( Dong Ha Kim ),이갑석 ( Kap Sok Li ),서성준 ( Seong Jun Seo ),조선진 ( Sun Jin Jo ),임현우 ( Hyeon Woo Yim ),김철민 ( Churl Min Kim ),김규한 ( Kyu Han Kim ),김도원 ( Do Won Kim ),김문범 ( Moon Bum Kim ),김진우 ( Jin Woo Ki 대한피부과학회 2012 대한피부과학회지 Vol.50 No.3

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disease with genetic and environmental backgrounds. While the prevalence of AD is increasing, many patients lack accurate information and understanding about AD. Objective: This study was performed to investigate the understanding of AD among Korean AD patients. Methods: We developed a survey instrument to assess patient understanding of AD. Surveys were conducted over a 6-month period (from May 2010 to October 2010) among 415 patients with AD who visited 10 dermatology clinics at a university teaching hospital affiliated with the Korean Atopic Dermatitis Association. Results: We identified points of understanding in Korean AD patients, such as knowledge and attitudes about AD, awareness of AD treatment, reliability of health care providers and information sources, and acting with AD treatment. As the results of this survey, it was confirmed that the patients` understanding of the cause and prognosis of AD was relatively inadequate, and it could be seen that the perception of the negative attitude toward the medical treatment of AD and inconveniences caused by AD was high. However, the results of the survey on the perception about the medical treatment methods of AD showed that they perceived medical doctors` treatment and prescriptions to have the best curative value, and as the criteria for choosing the treatment methods for AD, they chose the curative value rather than safety and cost. With regard to the information source for AD, they evaluated the treatment postscript on the internet sites and reliability of news media more highly than other information sources, and they responded that the main channel through which they obtain information related to AD was the medical doctors` explanations. Conclusion: We conducted the first systematic questionnaire survey to assess the understanding of AD among Korean AD patients. The results of this survey indicate that in the education and promotion on AD patients, additional education with regard to the cause and prognosis of AD is needed, and it is considered that efforts should be made to reduce the negative perception of AD through smooth communication with the medical team. In education and promotion related to AD, treatment postscripts on news media and the internet sites should also be addressed. Ultimately, the patients` self-discipline capabilities should be reinforced through proper education and development of programs related to AD. (Korean J Dermatol 2012;50(3):201~211)

19세기 중남미 지역 화교 생성 배경과 특성

김동하(Kim, Dong-Ha)(金東河) 대한중국학회 2021 중국학 Vol.74 No.-

최초 중남미 화교는 16C후반~19C초까지 스페인이 식민 지배하던 필리핀에서 재이주한 중국인으로 판단된다. 중남미에 본격적으로 화교가 송출된 것은 쿨리(화공)무역에 기인한다. 1단계(1800~1874)는 노예제도 폐지로 서구 열강이 플랜테이션에서 필요한 인력을 화공으로 대체하였고, 이들은 중남미 화교 1세대가 된다. 2단계(1874~1949)에서는 불평등 계약이었던 ‘채무화공’ 제도가 폐지(1874)되면서, 합법적인 중남미 이민이 다양화 되었다. 쿨리로 시작했던 화교들은 요리·이발·재단사로 창업하게 된다. 총리아문이 설치(1861)되고, 1879년 쿠바에 영사관이 설치되면서 화교들도 보호를 받기 시작했다. 3단계(1949~2000)는 중남미 화교들의 ‘현지화’ 시기이다. 2019년 중남미에는 227만명의 화교가 있고, 이는 전 세계 화교 중 4.6% 수준이다. Unlike Asia, which borders China on land and sea, Latin America was not physically a distance that could be easily crossed from China s Guangdong and Fujian provinces. Therefore, economic and social conditions could not be created for Chinese individuals to immigrate freely to Latin America in the 19th century or earlier. The first Chinese in Latin America is believed to be Chinese who immigrated from the Philippines, which was colonized by Spain from the late 16th century to the early 19th century. The full-fledged Chinese transmission to Latin America is attributable to the Coolie trade. The first phase(1800-1874) was the abolition of slavery, which replaced the necessary manpower in plantations by Coolie, who became the first generation of Overseas Chinese in Latin America. In the second phase(1874-1949), legal immigration to Latin America diversified after the abolition of the ‘Debtor Chinese Worker System(1874)’, which was an unequal contract. Chinese people who started out as coolies will start their own businesses as cooks, barbers, and tailor. With the establishment of the ‘Zong Li Ya Men’ as Foreign Ministry in Qing Dynasty(1861), and the establishment of a consulate in Cuba in 1879, Chinese began to be protected. The third phase(1949-2000) is a period of ‘localization’ of Overseas Chinese in Latin America. In 2019, there are 2.27 million Overseas Chinese in Latin America, which is 4.6% of the total population of Overseas Chinese around the world.

정책을 통해 본 시진핑의 리더십 연구

김동하(金東河)(Kim Dong Ha) 대한중국학회 2017 중국학 Vol.58 No.-

한국의 사드 배치 결정을 계기로 악화된 한중관계를 개선시킬 해결의 실마리를 찾기 위해서라도 현 중국체제에 대한 연구는 필수불가결하다. 현재 중국을 이끌고 있는 국가주석은 시진핑이다. 그는 강력한 리더십을 바탕으로 중국내부의 문제는 물론 대외문제에까지 강경한 자세로 임하고 있다. 따라서 현재의 중국을 파악하기에 앞서 리더로서의 시진핑이라는 인물에 대해 분석해 볼 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 리더십 분석에 있어서 널리 알려진 양분법인 거래적 리더십과 변혁적 리더십에 더해 창의적 리더십을 추가하여 시진핑의 리더십을 분석하고 있다. 그리고 그의 리더십을 판단하기 위한 자료로 국가 주석이 된 이후에 그가 시행한 국내 및 대외정책을 사용하였다. 왜냐면 리더는 그의 인물보다 시행한 정책과 같은 그의 업적으로 평가 받는 경향이 강하기 때문이다. 본 연구는 시진핑의 정책들을 통해 그가 상기의 3가지 유형의 리더십 중 어느 쪽에 가까운가를 알아보는 것을 목표로 삼고 작성하였다. The relationship between South Korea and China had been worsened because the South Korean government decided to deploy the THAAD in their area. China oppose to this decision because the THAAD radar can observe the Chinese missile base. Thus, the Chinese government is pressing South Korea by using economical retaliation day by day. In order to solve this situation, a study of current Chinese government‘s characteristic would be necessary. Especially, the study should be focus on the leadership of the Chinese government. The current Chinese leader is Xi Jinping. He possesses a strong leadership to make China stronger than ever. And he is taking out a hard-line position in domestic policies and even in foreign policies. Therefore, analysing Xi Jinping as a leader would be necessary to understand current China. The main purpose of this research is to figure out the characteristic of Xi Jinping’s leadership. In order to understand his leadership, this research used the theories of ‘the transactional leadership’, ‘the transformational leadership’ and ‘the creative leadership’ as an analyzing tool. And this research had used Xi Jinping’s domestic policies and foreign policies after he became a leader of China as a data to judge which leadership that he is close to. Because, a leader tend to be evaluated by his career rather than by his own personality. A goal of this research is to analyze current Chinese leader Xi Jinping by using the theories of the transactional leadership, the transformational leadership and the creative leadership to find out what kind of leadership that he possesses.

중국 내수시장에 대한 네거티브 리스트 제도 연구

김동하(Kim, Dong-Ha)(金東河) 대한중국학회 2020 중국학 Vol.70 No.-

포지티브 리스트 방식으로 무역을 관리하던 중국은 2001년 WTO 가입을 계기로 네거티브 리스트 방식으로 전환하였다. 그러나 금융·유통·서비스 내수시장 진입에는 내국민대우 제도와 포지티브 리스트 제도를 유지했다. 2013년 9월에 출범한 ‘상하이 자유무역시험구’에 처음으로 외자진입 네거티브 리스트 제도를 도입하였고, 3년 후인 2016년에 내수시장 대상의 ‘시장진입 네거티브 리스트(초안)’이 공포되었다. 이처럼 중국은 최근 5년간 내수시장 네거티브 리스트를 규범화 하고 있다. 이러한 제도 변화는 내수시장 진입에 따른 특성을 변화 시키고 있다. 분석 결과, 중국 내수시장 네거티브 리스트는 모호한 조항이 있고, 경험 부족으로 제도 자체에 갈등 요인이 상존하고 있다. ‘사회주의 시장경제’ 체제의 특성에 따른 제약요인도 발견되었다. 아울러 상위법 부재로 당분간 동 제도의 혼란이 불가피해 보인다. 우리 기업들은 중국정부의 관리방식이 사전심사에서 사후 관리감독으로 바뀌면서 엄격해질 것에 대비가 필요하다. <외상투자법> 시행에도 불구, 하부규정 미비로 과도기적 불편함도 예상된다. 그럼에도 지방정부에게 ‘리스트’ 제정 권한을 이양하고 있어, 자유무역시험구 별로 기회요인을 포착하기 위한 지역맞춤형 투자전략이 요구된다. 한중 FTA 후속협상에서도 투자 및 서비스 분야 개방에 중국의 기존 내수시장 네거티브 리스트 제도를 적극 활용해야 할 것이다. China, which managed trade through a positive list system, switched to a negative list system(NLS) when it joined WTO in 2001. However, maintained the national treatment system and positive list system in order to enter the domestic market for financial, distribution and services. The Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone, which launched in September 2013, introduced the NLS for foreign investment for the first time. Three years later, the negative list for domestic market was announced in 2016. China has been normating NLS for domestic market past 5 years. This movement change the characteristics of entering domestic market. According to the analysis, NLS of China‘s domestic market has ambiguous clause, and conflict factors exist in the system itself due to lack of accumulated experience. Constraint factors were also found in the characteristics of the ‘Socialist Market Economy System’. In addition, the absence of a higher law makes confusion in the system inevitable for the time being. As a result, Korean companies need to prepare for strict management of Chinese government‘s supervision. Despite the implementation of the Foreign Investment Act, the transitional inconvenience due to the lack of subregulations seems inevitable. Nevertheless, as the authority to establish the NLS is being handed over to local governments, a regional-tailored investment strategy is required to capture the opportunity at each Pilot Free Trade Zone. In follow-up negotiations on the Korea-China FTA, China’s existing NLS in the domestic market should be actively utilized in opening up investment and service sectors in China.

RGB-D 영상으로부터 형판 정합을 이용한 3차원 물체의 속성 인식

김동하 ( Dong-ha Kim ),김주희 ( Joo-hee Kim ),임태권 ( Tae-kwon Im ),김인철 ( In-cheol Kim ) 한국정보처리학회 2015 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.22 No.1

본 논문에서는 컬러 영상과 깊이 영상으로부터 영상 전체의 정보를 활용하는 형판 정합 방법으로 특징을 추출하여, 사물의 속성을 인식하는 시스템을 제안한다. 본 시스템은 입력 영상으로부터 더 많은 정보를 얻기 위해 컬러 영상과 깊이 영상을 함께 사용하였다. 그리고 영상의 부분적인 정보가 아닌 전 체 정보를 활용하는 형판 정합 방법을 사용하여 속성 인식률을 향상 시켰다. 본 시스템의 성능을 확인 하기 위해 워싱턴 대학에서 제공하는 RGB-D 데이터 집합을 이용하여 다른 특징들 및 분류기와 비교 실험을 진행하였고, 본 논문에서 제안하는 시스템의 높은 성능을 확인할 수 있었다.