아급성 육아종성 갑상샘염의 세침흡인 세포소견 -아급성 육아종성 갑상샘염 10예의 임상-세포소견 및 면역세포염색 소견 분석-

김도경,표주연,박종필,김연화,정우희,손은주,홍순원,Kim, Do-Kyung,Pyo, Ju-Yeon,Park, Jong-Pil,Jin, Lian-Hua,Jeong, Woo-Hee,Son, Eun-Ju,Hong, Soon-Won The Korean Society for Cytopathology 2008 대한세포병리학회지 Vol.19 No.1

Although subacute granulomatous thyroiditis(SGT) is usually diagnosed clinically, papillary carcinoma or other thyroid conditions must be considered in the differential diagnosis. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and fine-needle aspiration(FNA) cytologic findings seen in 10 SGT cases to decide what are the most reliable cytologic findings and the most helpful molecular tools for reaching a confident cytologic diagnosis. The most representative smear slides were retrieved to perform immunocytochemistry for cytokeratin 19(CK19) and Ret protein. Five papillary carcinomas(PTCs) were included as controls. The constant and typical cytologic findings of SGT were multinucleated giant cells(MGCs) (100%), epithelioid granulomas(90%), an inflammatory dirty background(90%) and plump transformed follicular cells(80%) without fire-flare cells, oncocytic cells or transformed lymphocytes. The immunoreactivities for CK19(37.5%) and Ret(10%) of the follicular cells of SGT were less than those(CK19 and Ret:100%) of PTC. CK19 immunoreactivity of the MGCs was seen in only one case of PTC. There was no significant difference between CK19 and Ret immunocytochemical staining for the MGCs of both SGT and PTC. The results of this study demonstrate that the cytological diagnosis of SGT can be improved by employing a combination of the typical and constant diagnostic cytological features and immunocytochemical results.

SHS법에 의한 Ti-Si계 세라믹스의 합성 및 소결체의 특성에 관한 연구

김도경,박성,조덕호,조건,이형복,Kim, Do-Kyung,Park, Sung,Cho, Duk-Ho,Cho, Kurn,Lee, Hyung-Bock 한국세라믹학회 1994 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.31 No.3

Intermetallic Ti-Si system ceramics were synthesized from stochiometric mixtures of titanium and silicone powders in vacuum by Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis(SHS). In each cases of Ti5Si3, Ti5Si4 and TiSi, and TiSi2 synthesis, 20wt% product dilution, direct ignition and SHS chemical furnace method were employed. The combustion modes, which were observed during the synthesis process by using the high speed camera, of Ti5Si3, Ti5Si4, TiSi, and TiSi2 exhibit spin, osciallatory, steady-state, and spin combustion, respectively. With increasing Ti/Si molar ratio an decrease of combustion velocities was found. From the results on the measurement of the flexural strength, the specimen hot pressed at 135$0^{\circ}C$ for 30 min using synthesized Ti5Si4 powders showed the highest flexural strength at 215 MPa.

흰쥐 해마에서 Norepinephrine 유리에 미치는 Protein Kinase C 의 영향

김도경,이영수,최봉규,Kim, Do-Kyung,Lee, Young-Soo,Choi, Bong-Kyu 대한약리학회 1995 대한약리학잡지 Vol.31 No.2

The effects and interactions of $4{\beta}-phorbol$ 12,13-dibutyrate(PDB) and polymyxin B(PMB) with adenosine on the electrically-evoked norepinephrine (NE) release were studied in the rat hippocampus. Slices from the rat hippocampus were equilibrated with $^3H-noradrenaline$ and the release of the labelled product, $^3H-NE$, which evoked by electrical stimulation$(3\;Hz,\;2\;ms,\;5\;VCm^{-1},\;rectangular\;pulses)$ was measured. PDB$(0.3{\sim}10\;{\mu}M)$, a selective protein kinase C(PKC) activator, increased the evoked NE release in a dose related fashion while increasing the basal rate of release. And the effects of $1\;{\mu}M$ PDB were significantly inhibited by $0.3\;{\mu}M$ tetrodotoxin(TTX) pretreatment or $Ca^{++}-free$ medium. $PMB(0.03{\sim}1\;mg)$, a specific PKC inhibitor, decreased the NE release in a dose dependent manner while increasing the basal rate of release. Adenosine $(1{\sim}10\;{\mu}M)$ decreased the NE release without changing the basal rate of release, and this effect was significantly inhibited by 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine$(2\;{\mu}M)$, a selective $A_1-receptor$ antagonist, treatment. Also, adenosine effects were significantly inhibited by PDB-and PMB-pretreatment. These results suggest that the PKC plays a role in the NE release in the rat hippocampus and might be participated in a post-receptor mechanism of the $A_1-adenosine$ receptor.

SHS화학로에 의한 SiC의 합성

김도경,박성,조건,이형복,Kim, Do-Kyung,Park, Sung,Cho, Kurn,Lee, Hyung-Bock 한국세라믹학회 1994 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.31 No.11

Ultra-fine $\beta$-SiC powders were fabricated by self-propagating high temperature synthesis process (SHS) using chemical furnace. The dependences of the C powders with different surface areas, the molar ratios of C/Si, the weight ratios of chemical fuel content, and pellet diameter-size on synthesis were investigated. Compositional and structural characterization of these powders was carried out by scanning electron micrograph and X-ray diffraction. The $\beta$-SiC powders which had C/Si mole ratio=1.05, 3 times chemical fuel contents, and pellet diameter=20 mm were optimum for synthesis efficiency. By optimizing process-variables, it is possible to fabricate $\beta$-SiC powders which have little secondary phases ($\alpha$-SiC).

동의보감 현훈, 운동실조의 내용을 중심으로 살펴본 소뇌경색 환자 치료경과 3례

이재왕(Jae wang Lee),홍상훈(Sang Hoon Hong),김정은(Jung Eun Kim),손호영(Ho Young Son),김도경(Do Gyoung Kim),신철경(Cheol Kyung Sin) 한의병리학회 2009 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.23 No.6

The cerebellum processes input from other areas of the brain, spinal cord and sensory receptors to provide precise timing for coordinated, smooth movements of the skeletal muscular system. A stroke affecting the cerebellum may cause vertigo, nausea, balance and coordination problems. The papers on central vertigo caused by cerebellar infarction were reported by Kim²), Ku³), Ko⁴), Choi⁵), and Han⁶). Their cases were classed as Heo hoon, Dam hoon, and Sangchopungyeul yeul dam, and they treated with Jaeumkunbi-tang, Taeksa-tang, Cheonghunwhadam-tang gami, Cheonginwhadam-tang, Hachulbosim-tang. In this paper, three patients who suffered from vertigo were diagnosed as cerebellar infarction. They felt too giddy to walk without any help. After Oriental medical treatment based on Dongeuibogam, their sequelae of cerebellar infarction - vertigo, nausea, ataxia - had improved dramatically. So we report these cases, and suggest Oriental medical treatment based on Dongeuibogam have effect on cerebellar infarction. But more clinical case reports should be further examined.

중장년층 성인의 종교에 따른 노후준비도에 관한 연구

김도경(Kim, Do Kyung),김윤신(Kim, Yoon Shin),송기민(Song, Ki Min) 한양대학교 고령사회연구원 2013 한양고령사회논집 Vol.4 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 서울ㆍ경기 수도권에 거주하는 중장년층 성인의 종교에 따른 노후준비 정도를 파악하는데 있다. 2013년 4월 22일~5월 5일 사이에 서울ㆍ경기 수도권지역을 중심으로 만30세~64세 중장년기 성인 총 300명이 응답한 설문지 자료를 SPSS WIN 18.0으로 분석하였다. 주요연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대상자의 인구사회학적 특성에서 남성이 164명(54.7%)으로 여성(45.3%)보다 많았고, 연령에서는 30대 119명(39.7%)으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 또한 대상자의 종교유형에 따라서는 무교가 125명(41.7%)으로 가장 높게 나타났고, 1주 종교활동 시간에 따라서는 없음 186명(62.0%)으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 대상자의 종교유형에 따른 노후준비 정도를 분석한 결과, 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았지만, 1주 종교활동 시간에 따른 노후준비도는 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 1주 4시간 미만의 종교활동은 경제적, 신체적, 정서적 노후준비도가 가장 높은 것으로 나타나 적당한 종교활동은 노후준비에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 보인다. Recently, the improvement of standard of living and the development of medical technology have extended the average life expectancy in our country, which resulted in the aging society with increased numbers of the aged population. This increase of the aged population is changing the viewpoint about the old age from the life extension to the healthy aged life, and to more attention to the quality of life. (Sin mee Kim, Sun yee Kim, 2009). This research collected the questionnaires polled three hundreds of the middle aged people and seniors who are living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do metropolitan area. The followings are the brief outcome of the research. The research reveals the preparation level for the declining life in accordance with sociological characteristics of the population varies as per the age, weekly religious activity, marriage status, the type of family, monthly average income, subjective financial status, and subjective health condition. This research may have the limits, one may be the regional limit because the sampling method of the research objectives was restricted to Seoul and a part of Kyeong Gi Do metropolitan area, and the other may be the error of generalization because only the aged people and seniors were collected for questionnaires. The aim of the study was to discover the relation between the religion and prepare for their old age. especially, the variables of religion is the religious type and religious activity time in a week In this study, Christianity, Buddhism, Catholicism, such as old age religions according to the type of preparation showed no significant differences. However, It is found to have a significant difference between the religious activitiesone in a week and prepare for their old age.

4차 산업혁명 시대의 신기술관련 저작권 침해책임과 공정이용 규정에 관한 연구

김도경(KIM, DO KYUNG) 충남대학교 법학연구소 2019 법학연구 Vol.30 No.4

19세기에 공정이용 법리를 정립했을 당시 기술 수준으로는 필사(筆寫)에 의하여 저작물을 복제하는 방법 외에는 극소수의 특권을 가진 자만이 인쇄술을 보유하여 저작물과 정보를 유통하고 배포할 수 있었지만 4차 산업혁명 시대인 오늘날에는 IT 기술을 기반으로 한 초연결·초지능 등 저작물 이용 기술이 고도로 발전되어 누구나가 쉽고 저렴하게 고품질의 저작물을 복제 및 생산하고 공유할 수 있게 되었다. 이처럼 공정이용 법리가 180년 가까운 세월을 겪어오는 사이에 기술은 혁신적이고 급진적인 변화가 있었다. 비록 공정이용이 추상성이라는 특성 때문에 새로운 기술변화의 풍파 속에서도 여전히 유효한 규정으로서 작동할 수 있다는 장점이 있다고는 하지만, 2차원의 문학작품 논평의 맥락에서 전개된 역사를 고려할 때 IT 기술 기반 위에 4차 산업혁명이라고 명명되는 오늘날의 신기술을 제대로 다룰 수 있는 능력이 있는지를 재고할 필요가 있다. 이러한 이유에서 종래의 공정이용이 주로 다루었던 출판, 음악, 영화 등 주요 저작권산업 관련 분쟁과는 달리 신기술이 야기하는 저작권 침해 문제는 특별히 다른 관점에서 접근할 필요가 있어 “기술” 관련 저작권 침해 책임 판단에 다각적·균형적 특화된 새로운 판단지침이 요구되는 것이다. 따라서 인공지능(AI), 빅 데이터(Big Data), 사물인터넷(IoT), 블록체인(Block chain), 3D 프린팅, 드론, 가상현실(VR), 클라우드 컴퓨팅(Cloud Computing) 등 신기술을 적절하게 다루기 위한 대안으로서 종래의 공정이용 규정에서 급변하는 고도화된 오늘날의 기술 현실에 맞추어 그 패러다임의 중심을 ‘저작물’에서 ‘기술’로 옮기고, 제1 및 제4판단요소에 방점을 두어 “기술을 고려한 공정이용”이라는 새로운 판단지침을 제시하였다. 이에 새로운 판단요소로서 해석론적 개념인 “기술을 고려한 공정이용”으로 재구성하였을 때 그 구체적인 판단지침의 내용은 다음과 같다. 1. ‘기술’ 이용의 목적 및 성격(제1호) (1) ‘기술’의 상업적 및 비상업적 이용 (2) ‘기술’의 변형적·생산적 이용 (3) ‘기술’의 사회적·공익적 가치 이용 2. ‘기술’이 이용하는 저작물의 종류 및 용도(제2호) 3. ‘기술’로 이용된 부분이 저작물 전체에서 차지하는 비중과 그 중요성(제3호) 4. ‘기술’을 통한 저작물의 이용이 그 저작물 및 ‘기술’의 현재 및 잠재적 시장 가치에 미치는 영향(제4호) 이 글은 현재의 공정이용 규정이 기술이 고도화된 4차 산업혁명시대에 타당한지를 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 하고 있기 때문에 저작권 침해 분쟁중에서 “신기술로 기인된 문제 유형”만을 고찰할 것이다. 따라서 이러한 문제의식에서 도출된 “기술을 고려한 공정이용”이라는 새로운 해석론적 개념이 적용되는 범위 또한 “신기술로 기인된 저작권 침해 분쟁 유형”에만 국한되는 것이 타당할 것이다. 이에 기존 공정이용 규정의 하위 판단요소로서 새롭게 개념화한 ‘기술을 고려한 패러다임의 공정이용’은 저작물을 이용하는데 사용되는 도구인 ‘기술’이 공정이용 인정 판단에 핵심사항이 된 유형에 대하여 적절한 지침을 제시하는 것으로 향후 구체적 적용 범위를 한정해야 할 것이다. At the time of the establishment of the fair use doctrine in the 19th century, only a few privileged persons, except for copying works by handwriting, monopolize copying technology and copy, distribute copyrighted works and information through the printing. But nowadays new technology for using copyrighted works such as hyper-connectivity and super-intelligence based on IT technology has been developed so that anyone can easily and inexpensively reproduce, create, produce and share high-quality works. During the nearly 180 years of fair use doctrine, technology has undergone innovative and radical changes. Although fair use has the advantage of being able to operate as a valid rule even in the wake of new technological changes due to its flexibility nature, the fourth industry based on IT technology, given the history developed in the context of two-dimensional literary work commentary, We need to reconsider whether it is capable of properly addressing today’s new technologies, called the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Unlike the major copyright infringement suits and disputes, such as publishing, music, and movies, which were mainly dealt with by fair use, the copyright infringement issues caused by new technologies need to be approached from different perspectives and new guidelines are required. Therefore, as an alternative for appropriately dealing with new technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), big data, internet of things (IoT), block chain, 3D printing, drones, virtual reality (VR), Cloud Computing within the copyright law systems, it suggests the necessary to introduce a new fair use concerning technology concept which shifted fair use clause’s center of the paradigm from ‘copyrighted work’ to ‘technology’ in accordance with today’s reality of disruptive technology. Fair use considering technology as a new judgment factor, the contents of the detailed of sub-judgment factors are as follows. 1. The purpose and character of the use of ‘technology’; (1) Commercial and non-commercial use of ‘technology’ (2) Transformative and productive use of ‘technology’ (3) Social and public value use of ‘technology’ 2. The nature of the copyrighted work used by ‘technology’; 3. The amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work used by ‘technology’ as a whole; and 4. The effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the ‘technology’ and the copyrighted work used by ‘technology’. Thus, this article aims to examine whether the current fair use regulations are justified in the era of advanced 4th Industrial Revolution, so we will consider only the “types of problems caused by new technologies” among copyright infringement disputes. It would be reasonable to limit the scope to “type of copyright infringement disputes arising from new technologies” to the extent that the new interpretative concept of fair use considering technology derived from this problem consciousness.

모바일 게임 RPG에서 UI에 대한 연구

김도경(Do-Kyung, KIM) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2016 한국컴퓨터정보학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.24 No.2

본 논문에서는 특정한 모바일 게임 장르인 RPG를 선호하는 유저들의 성향과 매력적인 게임 UI는 무엇인지에 관해 다양한 방법 및 분석한 결과를 제시한다. 모바일 RPG게임에 진입함에 있어 사용자들이 거치는 프로세스를 알아보고, 매력적인 게임 UI는 어떻게 정의하는 가에 대한 것도 제시한다. 게임 UI의 외형이나 기능 등의 요소가 게임을 선택하는 데에 있어 어떠한 영향을 끼치는가에 대해서 알 수 있다. UI와 플레이의 연관성을 분석을 통해 요인을 알아보고, UI가 게임을 진입하는데 있어 사용자에게는 어떤 의미를 가지는가에 대한 것을 알 수 있다.

저작권법상『기술적 보호조치의 무력화 금지에 대한 예외』의 주요내용 및 시사점

김도경 ( Kim Do Kyung ) 단국대학교 법학연구소 2020 법학논총 Vol.44 No.4

Under the KORUS FTA concluded in 2007, the Copyright Act was amended in June 2011 and the regulation of the “Exceptions to anti-circumvention” with a temporary effect of three years through the rulemaking process based on Article 104-2 (1) 8 of the same Act and Article 46-2 of the Enforcement Decree of the Copyright Act has been issued three times so far since January 31, 2012. And with the expiration of the current period of the 3rd regulation from 2018.1.31 to 2021.1.30, a new 4th regulation will be issued. Therefore, in this article, on January 31, 2021, the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism prepared the 4th “Exceptions to anti-circumvention”, which must be newly announced and effective. The purpose of this is to present reasonable exceptions and measures suitable for the actual conditions of the copyright law, technological development, and the environment for the use of works, referring to the major U.S. legislative cases. In view of this need, the key points and criteria for enactment of the 4th Regulations of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, which will be issued on January 31, 2021, are expected to be the 7th most recently enacted U.S rulemaking issued in the Federal Register on October 26, 2018 under the title 17 U.S.C. Article 1201(a)(1)(C). The 8th rulemaking, which should be newly enacted in October 2021, introduces the Stremlined Renewal Process that renews and adopts the types of exceptions recognized in the 7th rulemaking to reduce unnecessary burdens on both stakeholders and copyright bureaus, and will be followed by a written petition request by the Register of Copyright from June 22 to September 8, 2020 in accordance with the Notice of Inquiry and Request for Petitions. If analyzed 7th rulemaking properly, the exceptions to the 8th rulemking can be sufficiently predicted and reflected in the 4th regulation of Korea. In addition, discussions should also be considered on how to establish the exceptions to anti-circumvention suitable for the purpose of copyright law from a balanced perspective and not be obsessed with the interests of a specific organization or the position of copyright protection to prevent regulatory capture as a regulatory failure.

발목 불안정성 여성들의 고유수용감각 운동이동적자세 조절능력과 근력에 미치는 영향

김도경 ( Do-kyung Kim ),이선경 ( Sun-kyoung Lee ) 대한무용학회 2015 대한무용학회논문집 Vol.73 No.5

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of lower extremity proprioceptive training on dynamic postural control and ankle muscles strength. 30 women subjects with functional ankle instability were randomly assigned between training and control group. Training group participated in proprioceptive training for 8weeks with performing balance board and trampoline. All subjects were evaluated for ankle strength and postural stability using the isokinetic device and Biodex Stability System. Statistically significant improvements of postural stability in training group compared to control group. The randomized controlled intervention trials showed proprioceptive training could improve postural stability and plantar-flexor muscle strength.