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      • Leadership에 關한 硏究

        金德權 德成女子大學校 1980 德成女大論文集 Vol.9 No.-

        This treaties is the study on leadership. This has been prepared mainly for the persons who have studied the business management and the leaders and the managers of the enterprise. Although a lot of articles on the subject have been written by scores of specialist, a few of them indeed are useful for them, I guess. In preparing this treatise, I have consulted as any references as possible, not only Korean materials but also foreign's. Therefore, I am sure that this will greatly help its readers to improve the knowledge and the techniques of leadership. As today the techniques of management has been highly developed, So the leaders could not manage of their followers in the enterprise eficiently to achieve their objective without being aware of the knowledge of leadership. This treatise is composed as follow: 1. The essence of leadership Here are introduced a lot of scholar's opinions on the definition of leadership(O. Tead, K. Young, L.P. Alford and P.Pigors) and introduced the trait approach, the situational approach and the acceptance approach as the analytical method of the essence of leadership. And the scholar's opinions on the trait of the leader (F.W. Taylor, C.I. Barnard, A.Loveday, L.Moor, C.A. gibb and C.Bird) are also introduced. 2. The historical process of the study on leadership Here are introduced the important results of the study on leadership as follow: (1) The result of the study on leadership in Ohio State University. They proposed three important factors on the function of leadership as follow: ① Maintenance of membership character ② Objective attainment behavior ③ Group interaction facilitation behavior (2) The result of the study on leadership in Michigan University R.L.Kahn and D.Katz in the university proposed the function of leadership as follow: ① Differentation of supervisory role ② Closeness of supervision ③ Employee orientation ④ Group relationship On the other hand, K.Likert in the university suggested the fundamental factors of the leader as follow: ① Principle of supportive relations ② Group method of supervision ③ High performance goal ④ Technical knowledge ⑤ Coordinating. Scheduling. Planning. (3) The result of the study on leadership in the Research Center for Group Dynamics. D. Cartwright and A. Zander in the Research center suggested the function of leadership as follow: ① Group maintenance ② Goal achievement function 3. The relation between the efficiency and the type of leadership The autocratic leadership, the laissez-faire or free-line leadership and the democratic or participative leadership classified by K. Lewin and R. Lippit are introduced and the managerial grid studied by R.R. Blake and J. S. Mouton is also introduced. They said that the most efficiently type of leadership were the type of democratic or participative leadership and type of [9-9] 4. The method of the leadership training Here are introduced the method of PMT(Performance Maintenance Trainning) and the managerial grid. The way of the PMT are consisted of the preparing course and the PMT are consisted of the preparing course and the fundamental course. And they are usually trained by the method of the case study. The fundamental course are composed as follow. ① The group discussion ② The evaluation on oneself and others ③ The feed-back training The way of the managerial grid are based on the thought of the managerial grid itself and used all over the world.

      • 국제무역거래의 사기와 지급거절 예방에 관한 고찰

        김덕권,김경배 국제무역학회 2003 국제무역연구 Vol.9 No.2

        국제무역거래란 언어와 관습이 상이하고 법률이나 경제, 사회의 모든 제도가 서로 다른 국가간에 오직 계약자유의 원칙에 따라 국경을 넘어서 이루어지는 물품의 매매현상이므로 무역거래에서는 항상 거래 당사자간에 분쟁이 발생하고 있다. 이러한 무역분쟁과 더불어 국제간 무역규모가 확대되고 거래지역이 다변화됨에 따라 국제무역결제와 관련된 무역사기 사건이나 대금지급거절 등이 자주 발생되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 국제무역결제방식 중에서 가장 많이 이용하고 있는 송금방식, 추심방식, 신용장방식 등으로 분류하여 최근 발생한 사기사례와 지급거절사례를 유형별로 살펴본 후 그 대응방안을 포괄적, 개별적으로 제시하고자 한다. 따라서 국제무역거래에서 자주 발생하고 있는 무역사기와 지급거절을 미연에 방지하고 건전한 무역거래의 성립과 국제무역의 활성화에 기여하고 한다. Trade disputes always happen among parties related to which in international trade transaction, because international trade transaction is a phenomenon of sale of goods crossing the border and based on principles of the freedom of contract between two countries which are different from languages, customs and social system such as laws and economy. According to the enlargement of the volume of international trade and the diversification of trade transaction area, together with these trade disputes, trade fraud case and payment refusal often take place all over the world. In this study, we classify the payment systems of international trade into three groups, Telegraphic Transfer, Collection and L/C, and examine recent trade fraud cases and payment refusal cases by groups. we show, here in this paper, the counter measures against trade fraud and payment refusal comprehensively and individually. Thus, we contribute to the sound establishment and the revitalization of international trade, and prevent trade fraud and payment refusal which often take place in international trade field.

      • KCI등재
      • 국제무역거래의 사기와 지급거절 예방에 관한 고찰

        김덕권 ( Duck Kwon Kim ),김경배 ( Kyung Bae Kim ) 한국국제무역학회 2003 國際貿易硏究 = Journal of international trade studies Vol.9 No.2

        국제무역거래란 언어와 관습이 상이하고 법률이나 경제, 사회의 모든 제도가 서로 다른 국가간에 오직 계약자유의 원칙에 따라 국경을 넘어서 이루어지는 물품의 매매현상이므로 무역거래에서는 항상 거래 당사자간에 분쟁이 발생하고 있다. 이러한 무역분쟁과 더불어 국제간 무역규모가 확대되고 거래지역이 다변화됨에 따라 국제무역결제와 관련된 무역사기 사건이나 대금지급거절 등이 자주 발생되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 국제무역결제방식 중에서 가장 많이 이용하고 있는 송금방식, 추심방식, 신용장방식 등으로 분류하여 최근 발생한 사기사례와 지급거절사례를 유형별로 살펴본 후 그 대응방안을 포괄적, 개별적으로 제시하고자 한다. 따라서 국제무역거래에서 자주 발생하고 있는 무역사기와 지급거절을 미연에 방지하고 건전한 무역거래의 성립과 국제무역의 활성화에 기여하고 한다. Trade disputes always happen among parties related to which in international trade transaction, because international trade transaction is a phenomenon of sale of goods crossing the border and based on principles of the freedom of contract between two countries which are different from languages, customs and social system such as laws and economy. According to the enlargement of the volume of international trade and the diversification of trade transaction area, together with these trade disputes, trade fraud case and payment refusal often take place all over the world. In this study, we classify the payment systems of international trade into three groups, Telegraphic Transfer, Collection and L/C, and examine recent trade fraud cases and payment refusal cases by groups. we show, here in this paper, the counter measures against trade fraud and payment refusal comprehensively and individually. Thus, we contribute to the sound establishment and the revitalization of international trade, and prevent trade fraud and payment refusal which often take place in international trade field.

      • KCI등재후보

        N - 아실아미노산계 계면활성제 ( 제15 보 ) Sodium N-(2-Dodecyl Succinoyl) l-Glutamate 의 합성 및 계면성

        곽광수(Kwang Soo Kwack),윤영균(Young Kyoon Yoon),정노희(Noh Hee Jeong),김덕권(Duck Gwon Kim),남기대(Ki Dae Nam) 한국유화학회 2001 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.18 No.1

        N/A These N-acyl amino acid surfactants is mormally produced by reaction of acid anhydride with sodium ℓ-glutamate hydrolysates under Schotten-Baumann condition i.e., in alkaline aqueous medium. To avoid using fatty acid chlorides, acylations were also carried out with the fatty acids themselves or with their methyl esters, but unfortunately these methods cannot be used in practice, dodecenyl succinic anhydride, was to be studied for their suitability as acylating agents the production if acylated glutamine hydrolysates. The surface activities including surface tension forming power, forming stability and emulsifying power were measured. The experimental results revealed that the products have a good emulsifying power. Thus, there derivatives will be expected to be used an emulsifying agent for O/W type cosmetic emulsion.

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