Tess of the d'Urbervilles에 나타난 Tess의 순결성

김대명 한국영미어문학회 1985 영미어문학 Vol.- No.36

상가건물임대차의 권리금 보호제도에 대한 비판적 고찰

김대명 한국부동산경영학회 2015 부동산경영 Vol.12 No.-

A significant damage can occur when tenants do not receive foregift after the commercial building lease for which the foregift was paid for is over. Considering this factor, an effort to guarantee tenants a chance to collect foregift was made during the legislation of the 2001. 12. 29. Commercial Building Lease Protection Act. By guaranteeing the minimum period of lease starting from the first day of business, commercial building tenants were given with the Right of Request for Contract Renewal within five years. However, since there were no regulations directly on foregift, there had been discussions on the fact that the existent regulations were insufficient to enable tenants to collect foregift smoothly. When the 2015. 5. 13 Commercial Building Lease Protection Act was revised, eight provisions, including the definition of foregift and regulations regarding the guaranteed payback opportunity of foregift, were established and are currently being enforced. Many problems regarding foregift are expected to be resolved through the new revision. For instance, tenants are provided with protection on foregift, which had not been protected by law. However, many issues still remain even in the revised regulations. This study investigates the main content of the Protection Provisions of Foregift, which was established as the Commercial Building Lease Protection Act was revised, through general investigation on foregift, such as the definition and the legal nature of foregift. In addition, the paper provides a critical analysis on the main content of the Commercial Building Lease Protection Act, such as whether tenants’ foregift can be protected through the definition of foregift and regulations on delayed rent or termination of rent. Possible solutions for aforementioned problems and how regulations on foregift can be improved in the future are also provided. 임차인이 권리금을 지급한 상가임대차계약에 있어서 임대차관계가 종료된 후 권리금을 반환받지 못하게 되면 그 피해는 심각하게 된다. 이러한 점을 고려하여 2001. 12. 29. 상가건물임대차보호법을 제정할 때 상가건물 임차인에게 5년의 범위 내에서 계약갱신요구권을 부여하여 영업개시일부터 최소한의 임차기간을 보장함으로써 임차인의 권리금 회수기회를 보장하고자 하였다. 그러나 권리금에 대한 직접적인 규정이 없어, 임차인이 권리금을 안정적으로 회수하는 데는 미흡하다는 논의가 있어 오던 중, 2015. 5. 13. 상가임대차법이 개정되면서 권리금에 관한 정의규정과 권리금회수기회보장에 관한 규정 등 8개의 조문이 신설되어 시행되고 있다. 이번 개정을 통하여 임차인은 그 동안 법으로 보호받지 못했던 권리금을 보호받을 수 있게 되는 등 권리금과 관련된 많은 문제를 해결할 수 있을 것으로 기대되지만, 개정된 법의 내용에 여러 가지 문제점이 여전히 남아 있다. 이 연구는 상가권리금의 의의와 법적 성질 등 권리금에 대한 일반적 고찰을 바탕으로 상가건물임대차보호법이 개정되면서 신설된 권리금 보호규정에 관한 주요 내용을 고찰한 후, 권리금의 정의 규정과 차임연체와 해지에 관한 규정으로 임차인의 권리금 보호가 제 기능을 할 수 있는가의 여부 등에 대한 문제 등 개정 상가건물임대차보호법의 주요 내용에 대한 쟁점들을 비판적으로 고찰한 후, 그 해결방안을 제시하고 권리금과 관련한 제도개선이 어떠한 방향으로 나아가야 할 것인지를 제시하고 있다.

공인중개사법상 양벌규정(兩罰規定)

김대명,이대운 한국부동산경영학회 2012 부동산경영 Vol.5 No.-

The Joint Peal Provision carries a penalty not only the firsthand violator but also all the secondhand parties concerned, a person or company. Under article 6 of Constitutional Court's the Act on Special Measures for the Control of Health Offenses, there is a condicthion between the deserved punishment to an secondhand person and the Criminal Law's the Principle of Strict Liability. Accordingly, The Joint Peal Provision, the article 50 under the Licensed Real Estate Law; this Article apply to the estate agent performing under the continuous supervision against a breach, was reformed and has the conditional article which gives an acquittal to the deserved secondhand parties under article the Cause of Exemption from Responsibility. This Article critically reviews the meanings of the Business Affairs of Licensed Real Estate Agents and Report of Real Estate Transactions Act Article 50 and discover a number of the problems penetratively by the legal interpretation.

공인중개사법상 개업공인중개사의 금지행위에 관한 연구

김대명 한국부동산경영학회 2018 부동산경영 Vol.18 No.-

Certified specialists officially recognized by the government have various characteristics regarding their work. They typically handle professional tasks which require special knowledge and experiences and their exclusive status regarding this matter is guaranteed. The government takes legal actions against those who do not have professional qualifications to limit their work. Based on their highly trustworthy relationships with their clients, the specialists' discretionary judgment in their special field of work is widely recognized. However, they also have various responsibilities. The Licensed Real Estate Agents Act stipulates various responsibilities that limit the work of practicing licensed real estate agents, who are certified specialists in charge of real estate dealings. Particularly, Article 33 of the Licensed Real Estate Agents Act states regulations regarding prohibited acts. Based on precedents, this study looks at legal characteristics and contents of seven prohibited acts. Specific cases of prohibited acts and legal liabilities for violating them are examined in the following sections: civil liabilities, penal responsibilities, and administrative executions. Clients have high expectations for certified specialists and inevitably request high-quality duties of care and responsibilities from them. However, there seem to be limits in strictly holding practicing licensed real estate agents responsible for real estate brokerage accidents. These problems ultimately have to be solved through policies and system reforms. Under the present conditions, to align with the ideology of the compensation system, which is appropriate apportionment of losses, practicing licensed real estate agents’ responsibilities resulting from brokerage must be reasonably analyzed and acknowledged, with client protection and the reality of the brokerage business in consideration. 국가가 공인하는 전문자격사는 업무수행에서 있어서 여러 특성을 가지고 있다. 보통 특별한 지식 및 경험을 필요로 하는 전문적인 업무를 취급하고 이에 대하여 독점적 지위가 보장되며, 그 전문자격을 갖지 아니한 자에 대해서는 국가가 당해 업무를 제한하는 법적 조치를 취하고 있다. 그리고 의뢰인과의 고도의 신뢰관계를 전제로 자신의 특수 업무 영역에서 재량적 판단이 널리 인정되지만 또한 여러 가지 의무가 부과되고 있다. 부동산의 거래를 담당하는 전문자격사라 할 수 있는 개업공인중개사에게도 공인중개사법에서는 업무를 제한하는 다양한 의무를 규정하고 있다. 특히 공인중개사법 제33조에서는 금지행위에 관한 규정을 두고 있는데, 이 연구에서는 7가지 금지행위에 관한 규정의 법적 성격과 내용을 판례를 중심으로 살펴본다. 그리고 금지행위에 관한 개별 구체적인 사례와 그에 위반하는 행위의 법적 책임에 대하여 민사상 책임, 형사상 책임, 행정처분으로 나누어 검토한다. 전문자격사인 개업공인중개사에 대한 거래당사자의 높은 기대치는 개업공인중개사에 대해 높은 수준의 주의의무와 책임을 요구할 수밖에 없다. 그러나 부동산중개사고에 대해 개업공인중개사의 책임을 엄격하게 묻는 데에도 일정한 한계가 있어 보인다. 이러한 문제들은 결국 정책적·제도적으로 해결할 수밖에 없는 문제일 것이다. 다만 현재 상황에서는 중개행위로 인한 개업공인중개사의 책임도 손해배상제도의 이념인 적정한 손해분담이라는 목적에 맞게 운영해야 한다는 관점에서 중개의뢰인의 보호와 더불어 중개업무의 실태와 거래 현실을 고려하여 개업공인중개사의 책임을 합리적으로 해석·인정해야 할 것이다.

WTO體制에서의 紛爭解決制度

김대명 한국해사법학회 1997 해사법연구 Vol.9 No.1

부동산중개수수료에 대한 비판적 고찰

김대명,이대운 한국부동산경영학회 2011 부동산경영 Vol.3 No.-

According to Business Affairs of Licensed Real Estate Agents and Report of Real Estate Transactions Act Article 32, A broker is entitled to receive the fixed commission concerning the brokerage business from the clients: Provided, That the same shall not apply to the cases where the transaction between the clients is invalidated, with drawn or cancelled by his/her intention or negligence. Matters necessary for the limit, etc. of the commission of brokerage of a house(including its attached land; hereafter in this paragraph the same shall apply) and the actual expense as prescribed in paragraph (2) shall be determined by the Municipal Ordinance of the Special Metropolitan City, Metropolitan City or Do within the range determined by the Ordinanceofthe Ministry of Construction and Transportation; and the commission of brokerage of an object other than a house, by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Construction and Transportation In Korea, the limit of a rate and the amount of money is decided as a local government's regulation and "Business Affairs of Licensed Real Estate Agents and Report of Real Estate Transactions Act". Although it can grope for the various method of solution to the problem and cause of a real estate brokerage system, in this paper, on several controversial issues which appeared in the present real estate brokerage system is analyzed. It is to furnish the research material about the real estate brokerage system and the system's rational improvement plan which the profits of a consumer and a broker can develope into harmony.

A putative prolyl tRNA synthetase is involved in pheromone induction in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

김대명,Kim, Daemyung The Microbiological Society of Korea 2018 미생물학회지 Vol.54 No.4

이전의 연구에서 질소원이 존재하여도 페로몬을 유도하는 6개의 Schizosaccharomyces pombe 돌연변이체를 온도민감성 돌연변이체들의 저장고로부터 분리하였음이 보고된 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 이들 중 하나인 pws6 돌연변이체의 특성을 더 연구하였다. 이 돌연변이체는 영양물질에 특이적으로 페로몬 유도를 나타내었다. 즉 질소의 고갈은 없어도 M-factor 페로몬을 유도하였으나 탄소의 고갈이 없으면 유도되지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 pws6 돌연변이체가 질소 고갈을 전달하는 경로에 특이한 결함을 가지고 있음을 시사한다. 이 돌연변이체는 M-factor 페로몬뿐만 아니라 P-factor 페로몬도 온도에 민감한 양식으로 질소의 고갈 없이 유도함을 보여 주어 이 돌연변이체의 페로몬 유도는 세포 유형에 특이적이지 않음을 시사하였다. 이 돌연변이체의 온도 민감성 성장 결함의 상보적 보완에 의해 $pws6^+$ 유전자를 클로닝하여 8.1 kb, 3.3 kb, 그리고 4.8 kb 효모 DNA를 가진 3개의 플라스미드가 분리되었다. 이 플라스미드들은 pws6 돌연변이체의 성장 결함을 각각 100%, 70%, 그리고 10-20% 보완하였다. 또한 이 플라스미드들은 pws6 돌연변이체의 페로몬 유도 특성을 보완하는 능력을 가지고 있었으며 이는 돌연변이체의 성장 결함 보완 효율과 밀접한 연관성이 있음을 보여 주었다. 이들의 오픈 리딩 프레임을 성장 결함의 보완 효율과 비교하여 오픈 리딩 프레임 SPBC19C7.06이 pws6 돌연변이체의 온도 민감성 특성을 상보적으로 보완하는데 원인이 되는 리딩 프레임으로 결론 내렸다. 이 오픈 리딩 프레임은 prs1으로 명명되었으며 인트론이 없이 하나의 긴 엑손을 가지고 있는 추정된 prolyl tRNA synthetase를 암호화한다. 추정된 Prs1 단백질은 다른 종의 prolyl tRNA synthetase와 상당한 유사성을 보여 주었다. Previously, six Schizosaccharomyce pombe mutants that induce pheromone even in the presence of nitrogen source were isolated from a bank of temperature sensitive mutants. In this report, one of these mutants, pws6 was further characterized. The pheromone induction in pws6 mutant cells was specific to nutrient: the M-factor pheromone was induced without nitrogen starvation but not without glucose starvation. This result suggests that the pws6 mutant might have a specific defect in the pathway for nitrogen starvation. The pws6 mutant induces P-factor pheromone as well as M-factor without starvation of nitrogen in temperature sensitive mode, suggesting that the pheromone induction phenotype of pws6 mutation is not cell-type specific. From cloning of the $pws6^+$ gene by complementation of the temperature sensitive growth defect, three plasmids containing 8.1 kb, 3.3 kb, and 4.8 kb yeast DNA were recovered. These plasmids complement the growth defect of the pws6 mutant by 100%, 70%, and 10~20%, respectively. The abilities of these plasmids to complement pheromone induction phenotype of pws6 mutant cells were correlated well with the efficiencies of complementation of the growth defect. With comparison of their open reading frames to the complementation efficiencies, it is concluded that the open reading frame, SPBC19C7.06 is responsible for the complementation of temperature sensitive phenotype of the pws6 mutant. This open reading frame, named prs1, contains one long exon with no intron and encodes a putative prolyl tRNA synthetase. The putative Prs1 protein exhibits significant similarities to the prolyl tRNA synthetases of other species.

분열효모에서 chronological lifespan에 관련된 돌연변이체의 분리와 특성

김대명 청주대학교 산업과학연구소 2022 産業科學硏究 Vol.40 No.1

The chronological lifespan is measured as the length of time for a population remains viable in stationary phase. To understand the possible mechanism of the lifespan regulation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe , it is necessary to identify novel factors affecting chronological lifespan. To this end, we have screened the bank of the temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants for a long-lived mutant and we isolated 4 ts mutant strains with extended chronological lifespan. Compared to the wild type, the lifespans of ts30, ts96 and ts97 were slightly extended, whereas a notably long lifespan extension was observed in ts123. The cell viabilities of three ts mutants (ts30, ts97, and ts123) were stronger than that of the wild type. Interestingly the ts96 mutant strain exhibited weaker cell viability but its lifespan was extened, suggesting that the strength of cell viability is not always correlated with extended lifespan. Cloning and sequencing of the defected genes in these mutants may shed a light to understand the mechanism of lifespan determination.

Schizosaccharomyces pombe의 pheromone 생산 돌연변이체, pws6의 특성

김대명 청주대학교 2016 産業科學硏究 Vol.34 No.1

We had previously isolated six temperature-sensitive mutants that induce the pheromone even in the presence of a nitrogen source. These mutants have been named pws1 to pws6. We cloned the pws6 gene from a genomic DNA library by complementation of the growth defect. The gene encodes the putative prolyl tRNA synthetase of 716 amino acids. The protein had significant homology with the prolyl tRNA synthetases of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Drosophila melanogaster, Homo sapiens, Caenorhabditis elegans, and Arabidopsis thaliana. These results raise the interesting possibility that the prolyl tRNA synthetase might be involved in signal transduction of nutritional starvation.

영남문집해제 : 백암집 (白巖集)

김대명 영남대학교 민족문화연구소 1988 민족문화연구소 자료총서 Vol.4 No.-