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김용래(Yongrae Kim),이용규(Yonggyu Lee),최교남(Kyonam Choi),정동수(Dongsoo Jeong),임용수(Yongsoo Lim),김기은(Gieun Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2011 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2011 No.11
Hybrid-powered vehicles offer an advantage of superior fuel economy through use of regenerative braking and lowered transient emissions by reducing the operating portion of the engine to follow load as closely as in a conventional bus. A diesel hybrid bus was designed and a proto-type was developed in this study. It has a parallel-type hybrid powertrain system and uses a 5.9-liter diesel engine which satisfy Euro-5 emission standard. And 44kW-electric motor, AMT(automated manual transmission) and Li-ion type batteries were applied to this hybrid bus. Total 8 diesel hybrid buses are test-running at 6 cities and the driving performances are being monitored in terms of fuel efficiency, emission and convenience. This study presents the performance and major component features of diesel hybrid powertrain systems. Real road test result in Busan city showed a benefit of fuel economy about 36% by comparing to a conventional diesel-powered bus. Chassis dynamometer tests were also carried out and diesel hybrid bus showed 42% ~ 54% higher fuel efficiency and low emission levels than diesel bus.
M-shaped 파형을 이용한 작은 액적의 잉크젯 프린팅
홍송은,최지호,김기은,박종운,Hong, Songeun,Choi, Jiho,Kim, Gieun,Park, Jongwoon 한국반도체디스플레이기술학회 2021 반도체디스플레이기술학회지 Vol.20 No.3
Using an inkjet printing process, we have investigated a droplet formation of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) near the orifice of a piezoelectric inkjet head. With an attempt to form the smallest droplet without any satellites, we have applied various waveforms such as the unipolar, bipolar, and M-shaped waveforms. It is found that the droplet velocity and volume vary depending sensitively on the waveform width and voltage. Of those, the M-shaped waveform is shown to provide the smallest droplet volume, followed by the bipolar and then unipolar waveforms. The droplet printed on a PET film roll by the M-shaped waveform has the diameter as small as 46.1 ㎛. It is likely that the second short unipolar in the M-shape waveform increases the droplet velocity gradient, rendering the droplet smaller.