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중고등학생의 볼거리 전파관리 현황과 불현성 감염률: 2007-2008 대구 볼거리 유행을 중심으로
김교현,김창휘,최보율,고운영,이동한,기모란,Kim, Kyo-Hyun,Kim, Chang-Hwi,Choi, Bo-Youl,Go, Un-Yeong,Lee, Dong-Han,Ki, Mo-Ran 대한예방의학회 2009 예방의학회지 Vol.42 No.6
Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the mumps transmission control status and inapparent infection rate among middle and high school students in Daegu City during a mumps outbreak. Methods : Nine schools (two middle schools and seven high schools), which reported a number of mumps cases between 2007 and 2008 were selected for investigation. During March-May 2008, a standard questionnaire was distributed to gather information about case identification, instructed isolation measure, isolation status of mumps cases and related factors, and outdoor activities of nonisolated mumps case. Inapparent infection rate was estimated by serum mumps IgM and IgG antibodies status and self-reported mumps symptoms in three of the nine schools. Results : Among 2,560 respondents, more than half of students answered that they did not receive instructions in mumps transmission control measures during the outbreak. Among the 327 mumps cases identified by the questionnaire, 131 cases (40.1%) were considered as isolated and the isolation rates were significantly different among schools, grades, and gender. Of the non-isolated cases, 88.3% continued attending school. Inapparent mumps infection rates were between 56.3% and 70.2%. Conclusions : Mumps transmission control was inadequate to control the mumps outbreak. Although high inapparent infection rate would mitigate the transmission control effect of case isolation, this measure is fundamental for infection control. The reasons of this inadequate status need to be explored to develop an effective intervention strategy.
전기자동차 배터리 팩 형상이 배터리 셀 주위의 강제대류에 미치는 영향에 대한 수치해석
김교현,김태완,우만경,전병진,최형권 한국반도체디스플레이기술학회 2017 반도체디스플레이기술학회지 Vol.16 No.1
In this paper, the effect of battery-package shape of electric vehicle on the forced convection around a group of battery cells has been numerically investigated. Simulations for the two package shapes with straight/curved ducts have been conducted to examine the two design factors; the maximum temperature and the temperature deviation of a group of cells which influence the cell durability. The simulation of the conjugate heat transfer has been simplified by employing an equivalent thermal conductivity of cell that consists of various materials. It has been found that the maximum temperature and the temperature deviation of curved duct were lower than those of straight duct. Velocity fields have also been examined to describe the temperature distribution of a group of cells and the position of maximum temperature was found to be related to the dead zone of flow field.