http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
김경윤,양형정,김수형,김정식,Cheah, Wooi-Ping,Kim, Kyoung-Yun,Yang, Hyung-Jeong,Kim, Soo-Hyung,Kim, Jeong-Sik 한국정보처리학회 2008 정보처리학회논문지B Vol.15 No.2
본 논문에서는 인과관계 지식의 표현과 추론에 가장 대표적으로 사용되는 퍼지인식도(FCM, Fuzzy Cognitive Map)와 베이지안 신뢰 네트워크(BBN, Bayesian Belief Network)를 구조적으로 분석한다. 퍼지인식도와 베이지안 신뢰 네트워크는 의사 결정을 지원하는데 중요한 인과관계 지식을 표현하고 추론하는데 사용되는 가장 대표적인 프레임워크이지만 인과관계 지식응용 영역에서 두 프레임워크의 역할에 대한 구조적 비교 연구는 이루어지지 않고 있다. 본 논문에서는 두 프레임워크의 구조적 비교를 통해 퍼지인식도와 베이지안 신뢰 네트워크의 중요한 특징들을 추출하고, 이를 통해 인과 지식 공학에서 어떻게 퍼지 인식도와 베이지안 신뢰 네트워크가 이용되어야 하는지를 보인다. 인과관계 지식의 표현과 추론의 과정을 평가하는데 비교 평가를 위한 항목으로서 본 논문에서는 사용성, 표현력, 추론능력, 정형화와 완결성이 사용되었다. Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM) and Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) are two major frameworks for modeling, representing and reasoning about causal knowledge. Despite their extensive use in causal knowledge engineering, there is no reported work which compares their respective roles. This paper aims to fill the gap by providing a qualitative comparison of the two frameworks through a systematic analysis based on some inherent features of the frameworks. We proposed a set of comparison criteria which covers the entire process of causal knowledge engineering, including modeling, representation, and reasoning. These criteria are usability, expressiveness, reasoning capability, formality, and soundness. The results of comparison have revealed some important facts about the characteristics of FCM and BBN, which will help to determine how FCM and BBN should be used, with respect to each other, in causal knowledge engineering.
김경윤 한국교육정치학회 2010 敎育政治學硏究 Vol.17 No.3
This study suggest the microscopic analysis of the conflicts and adjustment process when imposing and expanding the principal appointment system between MEST(Ministry of Education, Science and Technology) and KFTA(Korean Federation of Teachers' Association), the biggest teachers' association in Korea to prevent the upcoming policy conflicts and offer the effectual management in the future. The research employed 'the analysis model of policy conflict' which was developed by referring to some of precedent studies. The outcome of the research shows that the conflicts development patterns were not fixated regularly and the display of conflicts could be expressed whenever meeting the conditions at any stages throughout the irregular cycle of conflicts concealment, conflicts display, conflicts management, the termination of settlement of conflicts, the termination of potential conflicts. The sources of conflicts were mostly from the government authorities. Some endeavors to relieve the policy conflicts were visualized especially when the governmental standpoint has difficulties. The policy concerned groups utilized the appropriately mixed methods of both lower and higher level for relieving the policy conflicts. There should be aggressive measures to restrain the occurrence of conflicts and control the existing conflicts in the early stages since the persisting of policy conflicts would lead the chilling effect of the teachers and the weakening of public education as well as the loss of social cost and time. 본 연구는 ‘정책갈등 분석모형’을 사용하여 교육과학기술부와 한국 최대 교원단체인 한국교총 간에 공모교장제 도입과 확대정책을 둘러싸고 전개되어 온 갈등과 조정과정을 미시적으로 분석하여향후 발생할 정책갈등의 예방과 사후 관리에 시사점을 제시하고 있다. 분석결과 갈등의 전개 패턴은 일정하게 고정되어 있지 않았고 갈등잠복, 갈등표출, 갈등조정, 갈등해소종결, 갈등잠재종결의불규칙적 순환과정을 거치면서 갈등표출은 어떠한 단계에서도 여건이 충족되면 나타날 수 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 갈등의 제공자는 주로 정부당국이었으며 정부의 입장이 어려워 질 때 비로소 정책갈등의 해소를 위한 노력이 가시화되는 것을 살펴볼 수 있었다. 정책대상집단이 정책갈등의 해소를 위해서는 낮은 단계와 높은 단계의 수단 등을 적절히 배합하여 활용하고 있었다. 갈등의 지속화는 막대한 사회적 비용과 교원사기의 저하로 교육력을 약화시킬 우려가 있는 만큼 갈등의 발생을 억제하고 초기에 해결책을 모색하는 것이 중요하다.
Association between diets and mild cognitive impairment in adults aged 50 years or older
김경윤,윤정미 한국영양학회 2018 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.12 No.5
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: As aging progresses, the number of patients with cognitive impairment also increases. Cognitive function is not generally correlated with diet, and there is debate over that association. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the association between dietary intake and cognitive function among adults aged 50 years or older. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Between July 2017 and March 2018, 324 adults aged over 50 years from Gwangju Sun-Han hospital participated in a dietary survey. The frequency of food intake and related information were collected using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) and determining the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) level for 276 participants. The association between dietary intake and cognitive function was assessed by performing logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Depending on the MMSE score, the participants’ age, education level, inhabitation status, medications, alcohol consumption, sleep duration, physical activity, and short geriatric depression scale score were significantly different (P < 0.05). Moreover, those participant characteristics were associated with either decreased or increased odds ratios (OR) for the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Based on analysis of the participants’ intake of 112 detailed food items, which were categorized into 20 food types, intakes of cooked white rice (< 2 times/day compared with ≥ 3 times/day) (P < 0.05), properly cooked rice with other grains and legumes (P < 0.001), fruits (P < 0.05), milk (low fat and normal) (P = 0.044), liquid-type yogurt (P = 0.019), and curd-type yogurt (P = 0.015) were found to significantly decrease the OR for the risk of MCI. CONCLUSIONS: Associations were significant between the risk of MCI and the intake of certain food types. Specifically, a moderate intake of cooked white rice and an adequate intake of whole grains, fruits, milk, and dairy products were associated with reduced risks of MCI among adults aged over 50 years.