하천・호소 질소, 인 존재형태 및 피복을 이용한 수질영향 저감

김건하 한국퇴적환경준설학회(구 한국환경준설학회) 2014 한국환경준설학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.-

내측 측두엽 위축의 T1-축영상 시각 척도제안: Schelten의 관영상 시각척도와 비교연구

김건하,권현지,고승아,김정은,박기덕,최경규,임기호,이종민,나덕렬,정지향 대한치매학회 2009 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.8 No.1

Background: Medial temporal atrophy (MTA) is the earliest pathological characteristic and a sensitive biologic marker for Alzheimer’s disease. The Schelten’s coronal visual rating scale has been commonly used for assessing MTA. But sometimes it has been difficult to apply Schelten’s coronal visual rating scale in large epidemiologic studies because it needs more sophisticated knowledge of hippocampal anatomy of each raters. The purposes of this study is to 1) suggest a new and easier visual rating scale using T1 axial images, 2) compare visual assessment of MTA using modified T1-coronal Schelten’s visual rating scale with T1-axial visual rating scale, and 3) test whether the degree of MTA in T1-axial visual rating scale correlates with the severity of cognitive impairment. Methods: Participants were 27 Alzheimer’s patients (23 women, 4 men) and 26 non-demented normal control (18 women, 8 men). Two neurologists blinded to diagnosis and age of the subjects assessed MTA by axial visual rating scale which assessed for the maximal hippocampal width and parahippocampal cerebrospinal fluid space. Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability were obtained. Hippocampal volume was assessed by manual tracing in 5 participants representing each visual axial grade. Results: The visual rating scale using T1-axial image was comparable to T1-coronal visual rating scale, showing significant agreement (kappa=0.745, p< 0.001). Inter-and intra-rater reliability in T1-axial visual rating scale of MTA was higher than those in Schelten’s T1-coronal visual rating scale. The degree of MTA in T1 axial visual rating scale showed negative correlation with MMSE (r=-0.460, p<0.001) and clinical dementia rating scale (sum of box) (r=0.563, p<0.001). Hippocampal volume tended to decrease according to visual axial grade. Conclusions: The T1-axial visual rating scale of MTA showed good agreement with Schelten’s T1-coronal visual rating scale and cognitive functions. Inter-and intra-rater reliability for T1-axial visual rating scale of MTA was higher than those of Schelten’s T1-coronal visual rating scale, which suggests of possibilities of application for axial visual rating scale in clinical practice. The correlation of degree of MTA in T1- axial visual rating scale with hippocampal volume should be studied in large number of subjects. Background: Medial temporal atrophy (MTA) is the earliest pathological characteristic and a sensitive biologic marker for Alzheimer’s disease. The Schelten’s coronal visual rating scale has been commonly used for assessing MTA. But sometimes it has been difficult to apply Schelten’s coronal visual rating scale in large epidemiologic studies because it needs more sophisticated knowledge of hippocampal anatomy of each raters. The purposes of this study is to 1) suggest a new and easier visual rating scale using T1 axial images, 2) compare visual assessment of MTA using modified T1-coronal Schelten’s visual rating scale with T1-axial visual rating scale, and 3) test whether the degree of MTA in T1-axial visual rating scale correlates with the severity of cognitive impairment. Methods: Participants were 27 Alzheimer’s patients (23 women, 4 men) and 26 non-demented normal control (18 women, 8 men). Two neurologists blinded to diagnosis and age of the subjects assessed MTA by axial visual rating scale which assessed for the maximal hippocampal width and parahippocampal cerebrospinal fluid space. Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability were obtained. Hippocampal volume was assessed by manual tracing in 5 participants representing each visual axial grade. Results: The visual rating scale using T1-axial image was comparable to T1-coronal visual rating scale, showing significant agreement (kappa=0.745, p< 0.001). Inter-and intra-rater reliability in T1-axial visual rating scale of MTA was higher than those in Schelten’s T1-coronal visual rating scale. The degree of MTA in T1 axial visual rating scale showed negative correlation with MMSE (r=-0.460, p<0.001) and clinical dementia rating scale (sum of box) (r=0.563, p<0.001). Hippocampal volume tended to decrease according to visual axial grade. Conclusions: The T1-axial visual rating scale of MTA showed good agreement with Schelten’s T1-coronal visual rating scale and cognitive functions. Inter-and intra-rater reliability for T1-axial visual rating scale of MTA was higher than those of Schelten’s T1-coronal visual rating scale, which suggests of possibilities of application for axial visual rating scale in clinical practice. The correlation of degree of MTA in T1- axial visual rating scale with hippocampal volume should be studied in large number of subjects.

프랜차이즈 베이커리의 브랜드이미지가 품질지각에 미치는 영향

김건하,박성준,최혜선,황은지 서비스마케팅학회 2012 서비스마케팅저널 Vol.5 No.2

Effect of Individual and District-level Socioeconomic Disparities on Cognitive Decline in Community-dwelling Elderly in Seoul

김건하,이혜아,박혜숙,이동영,조인호,최성혜,최경규,정지향 대한의학회 2017 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.32 No.9

This study was to investigate the effects of individual and district-level socioeconomic status (SES) on the development of cognitive impairment among the elderly. A 3-year retrospective observational analysis (2010–2013) was conducted which included 136,217 community-dwelling healthy elderly who participated in the Seoul Dementia Management Project. Cognitive impairment was defined as 1.5 standard deviations below the norms on the Mini-mental status examination. In the individual lower SES group, the cumulative incidence rate (CIR) of cognitive impairment was 8.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.64–8.70), whereas the CIR in the individual higher SES group was 4.1% (95% CI, 4.08–4.10). The CIR for lower district-level SES was 4.7% (95% CI, 4.52–4.86), while that in the higher district-level SES was 4.3% (95% CI, 4.06–4.44). There were no additive or synergistic effects between individual and district-level SES. From this study, the individual SES contributed 1.9 times greater to the development of cognitive impairment than the district-level SES, which suggests that individual SES disparities could be considered as one of the important factors in public health related to cognitive impairment in the elderly.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Epileptic Children

김건하,김지연,변정혜,은백린,이영준,서원희,은소희 대한의학회 2012 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.27 No.10

It is well-known that the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is higher in epileptic children than in the general pediatric population. The aim of this study was to compare the accompaniment of ADHD in epileptic children with well-controlled seizures and no significant intellectual disability with that in healthy controls. We included epileptic children between the ages of 6 and 12 yr visiting our clinic for six consecutive months and controls without significant medical or psychiatric illnesses. We excluded patients with intellectual disability or persistent seizures during the recent three months. The diagnosis of ADHD was based on the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV). After exclusion of 84 patients, we enrolled 102 (54.8%)children (mean age, 9.4 ± 2.0 yr). Seven (7 of 102, 6.9%) were diagnosed with ADHD. As compared to control group (4 of 110, 3.6%), there was no difference in ADHD accompaniment (P = 0.29). No difference was observed in ADHD accompaniment according to seizure type and epilepsy syndrome. In conclusion, the accompaniment of ADHD in epileptic children with well-controlled seizures and no intellectual disability may not differ from that of the general pediatric population.

물환경분야 남북한 협력방안

김건하 대한상하수도학회 2020 상하수도학회지 Vol.34 No.1

With growing expectations for economic cooperation between the two Koreas, there is much interest in participating in the construction of infrastructure in North Korea. In particular, water and wastewater infrastructure is the four major social infrastructures in addition to housing, transportation, electricity and telecommunications. North Korea is known to have severe water pollution and ecosystem destruction in major rivers, water pollution and soil pollution in mining areas are serious, and water and sewage infrastructures in cities other than Pyongyang are known to be weak. Preemptive investment in water supply and drainage in North Korea is the foundation for securing the quality of life of the North Korean people and is the foundation of public health and industry. It is a leading investment to reduce the cost of unification and is a new growth engine for the construction industry. In this study, we proposed a plan to exchange and cooperate in water environment for building water infrastructure of North Korea by examining the data related to water quality, water resources, water disaster, related legal system and manpower exchange situation in North Korea.

부지 오염도 평가시 불확실성 정량화 및 저감방안

김건하,백종환,송영우,Kim, Geonha,Back, JongHwan,Song, Yong-Woo 한국지하수토양환경학회 2014 지하수토양환경 Vol.19 No.1

Uncertainty associated with a sampling method is very high in evaluating the degree of site contamination; therefore, such uncertainty affects the reliability of precise investigation and remediation verification. In particular, in evaluating a site for a small-sized filling station, underground utilities, such as connection pipes and oil storage tanks, make grid-unit sampling impossible and the resulting increase in uncertainty is inevitable. Accordingly, this study quantified the uncertainty related to the evaluation of the degree of contamination by total petroleum hydrocarbon and by benzene, toluene, ethylene, and xylene. When planning a grid aimed at detecting a hot spot, major factors that influence the increase in uncertainty include grid interval and the size and shape of the hot spot. The current guideline for soil sampling prescribes that the grid interval increase in proportion to the area of the evaluated site, but this heightens the possibility that a hot spot will not be detected. In evaluating a site, therefore, it is crucial to estimate the size and shape of the hot spot in advance and to establish a sampling plan considering a diversity of scenarios.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae associated stroke in a 3-year-old girl

김건하,서원희,제보경,은소희 대한소아청소년과학회 2013 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.56 No.9

Infectious diseases precede a significant proportion of acute ischemic strokes in children. Here, we report a case of acute ischemic stroke in a 3-year-old girl with a Mycoplasma pneumonia -associated respiratory tract infection. She developed an acquired prothrombotic state of protein S deficiency and had increased fibrinogen and fibrinogen degradation product levels and increased titer of antinuclear antibodies. However, these conditions were completely alleviated at the 1-month followup examination. Infection with M. pneumoniae may cause a transient prothrombotic state that can potentially cause a thrombus.

Neuroprotective Effect of Lacosamide on Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in Neonatal Rats

김건하,변정혜,은백린 대한신경과학회 2017 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.13 No.2

Background and Purpose Lacosamide (LCM) is an antiepileptic drug that enhances the slow inactivation of sodium channels and modulates collapsin response mediator protein-2. LCM was recently demonstrated to exert a neuroprotective effect in a murine model of trau¬matic brain injury and status epilepticus. Assuming the same underlying excitotoxicity-related brain injury mechanism, we hypothesized that LCM would have a neuroprotective effect in hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Methods We divided rats into three groups at each testing session: pre- or postfed with LCM, fed with normal saline, and sham. A hypoxic-ischemic brain injury was induced by subjecting 7-day-old rats to right carotid artery coagulation followed by 2.5 h of exposure to 8% oxygen. The animals were killed on postnatal day 12 to evaluate the severity of brain damage. Open field testing was also performed between week 2 and week 6, and the Morris water maze test was performed in week 7 after hypoxia-ischemia. Results The incidence of liquefactive cerebral infarction was lower in rats prefed with LCM at 100 mg/kg/dose, with the mortality rate being higher at higher doses (200 and 300 mg/kg/dose). The infarct areas were smaller in LCM-prefed rats in several brain regions including the hemisphere, hippocampus, cortex, and striatum. Spatial learning and memory function were better in LCM-prefed rats (p<0.05). No effect was observed in postfed rats. Conclusions This study suggests that LCM pretreatment exerts a neuroprotective effect on hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal rats. The obtained results suggest that LCM pretreatment could be used as an effective neuroprotective method for neonates under hypoxic-ischemic condi¬tions including heart surgery.

가축매몰지 유지관리 우선순위 결정을 위한 의사결정 지원 시스템 개발

김건하,유광태,김종락 한국방재학회 2014 한국방재학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.-

가축매몰지 인근 지하수 수질은 지하수 이용과 관련하여 많은 관심이 집중되고 있다. 한국 환경부에서는 지하수 수질 감시를 위하여 지하수 수질을 직접 측정하는 방법을 제시하고 있다. 이 방법은 수질분석에 많은 시간과 비용이 소요되기 때문에 관측지점이 수백개 이상인 경우에는 효율적인 모니터링이 어려울 수 있다. 금회 연구에서는 지하수의 전기 전도도를 매몰지에서의 지하수 수질 지표로 사용하는 방안을 제안하였다. 지하수 수질 수준을 판별하기 위하여 가축 매물지 근방의 장기적인 지하수 수질 측정자료를 통계학적인 방법으로 분석하여 지하수 수질 지표와의 상관관계를 도출하였고, 무선 통신망을 이용한 원격 모니터링 기법을 이용하여 보다 신속하게 지하수 상태를 감시할 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였다.