Recent nutritional studies on eggshell quality in laying hens

길동용 한국가금학회 2019 한국가금학회 심포지움 Vol.2019 No.11

지속적인 생균제의 첨가가 돼지의 성장, 영양소 이용율 혈중 요소태 질소 및 면역능력에 미치는 영향

길동용,임종선,전경철,김법균,김경수,김유용 한국동물자원과학회 2004 한국축산학회지 Vol.46 No.1

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of continuous feeding of probiotics on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood urea nitrogen(BUN) and immune responses in pigs. Treatments were 1) Control(basal diet), 2) P-0.1(basal diet + 0.1% probiotics) and 3) P-0.2(basal diet + 0.2% probiotics). In growth trial, a total of sixty pigs(6.17±0.45 ㎏ average body weight) weaned at 21 days of age were used. All pigs were assigned according to sex and body weight, and each treatment had 5 replicates of 4 pigs per pen in a randomized complete block(RCB) design. During 0~8 weeks, there was no significant difference in average daily gain(ADG), average daily feed intake(ADFI) and gain:feed ratio(G/F) among treatments. During 9~20 weeks, ADG was improved significantly in pigs fed P-0.1 or P-0.2 diets when compared to the pig fed control diet(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in ADFI and G/F ratio. During overall period, ADG, ADFI and G/F ratio were not significantly different among treatments. In the first metabolic trial(17.93±1.45㎏ average body weight), apparent digestibility of DM, protein, fat in pigs fed P-0.1 and P-0.2 diets were greater than in pigs fed control diet(P<0.05) and ash digestibility in pigs fed P-0.2 diet was significantly higher than in pigs fed control diet(P<0.05). Calcium digestibility in pigs fed P-0.2 diet was significantly higher than in pigs fed control and P-0.1 diets(P<0.05). Fecal-N excretion was lower in pigs fed P-0.1 and P-0.2 diets than in pigs fed control(P<0.05). In the second metabolic trial(41.80±2.68㎏ average body weight), there was no significant difference among treatments in apparent digestibility of nutrients and N-retention. In blood assay for the BUN and immune responses investigations, there was no significant difference among treatments during overall period of experiment. Therefore, this experiment suggested that probiotics supplementation could improve growth performance and nutrient digestibility of pigs.

Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy(NIRS)에 의한 음식물 쓰레기 퇴비 분석에 관한 연구

이효원,길동용 한국유기농업학회 2005 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.13 No.3

In order to find out an alternative way of analysis of food waste compost, the Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy(NIRS) was used for the compost assessment because the technics has been known as non-detructive, cost-effective and rapid method. One hundred thirty six compost samples were collected from Incheon food waste compost factory at Namdong Indurial Complex. The samples were analyzed for nitrogen, organic matter (OM), ash, P, and K using Kjedahl, ignition method, and acid extraction with spectrophotometer, respectively. The samples were scanned using FOSS NIRSystem of Model 6500 scanning monochromator with wavelength from 400~2,400㎚ at 2nm interval. Modified partial Least Squares(MPLS) was applied to develop the most reliable calibration model between NIR spectra and sample components such as nitrogen, ash, OM, P, and K. The regression was validated using validation set(n=30). Multiple correlation coefficient(R²) and standard error of prediction(SEP) for nitrogen, ash, organic matter, OM/N ratio, P and K were 0.87, 0.06, 0.72, 1.07, 0.68, 1.05, 0.89, 0.31, 0.77, 0.06, and 0.64, 0.07, respectively. The results of this experiment indicates that NIRS is reliable analytical method to assess some components of feed waste compost, also suggests that feasibility of NIRS can be justified in case of various sample collection around the year.

지속적인 생균제 첨가의 돼지의 생산성 및 체내 생리학적 영향에 관한 연구

김유용,길동용,Kim, Yu-Yong,Gil, Dong-Yong 한국단미사료협회 2004 사료산업 Vol.2 No.5

Cecal microbiome divergence of broiler chickens by sex and body weight

이규찬,길동용,설우준 한국미생물학회 2017 The journal of microbiology Vol.55 No.12

The divergence of gut bacterial community on broiler chickens has been reported as potentially possible keys to enhancing nutrient absorption, immune systems, and increasing poultry health and performance. Thus, we compared cecal bacterial communities and functional predictions by sex and body weight regarding the association between cecal microbiota and chicken growth performance. In this study, a total of 12 male and 12 female 1-day-old broiler chickens were raised for 35 days in 2 separate cages. Chickens were divided into 3 subgroups depending on body weight (low, medium, and high) by each sex. We compared chicken cecal microbiota compositions and its predictive functions by sex and body weight difference. We found that bacterial 16S rRNA genes were classified as 3 major phyla (Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria), accounting for > 98% of the total bacterial community. The profiling of different bacterial taxa and predictive metagenome functions derived from 16S rRNA genes were performed over chicken sex and bodyweight. Male chickens were related to the enrichment of Bacteroides while female chickens were to the enrichment of Clostridium and Shigella. Male chickens with high body weight were associated with the enrichment of Faecalibacterium and Shuttleworthia. Carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms were suggested as candidate functions for weight gain in the males. This suggests that the variation of cecal bacterial communities and their functions by sex and body weight may be associated with the differences in the growth potentials of broiler chickens.

Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy(NIRS)에 의한 음식물 쓰레기 퇴비 분석에 관한 연구

이효원,길동용 한국유기농업학회 2005 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.13 No.3

In order to find out an alternative way of analysis of food waste compost, the Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy(NIRS) was used for the compost assessment because the technics has been known as non-detructive, cost-effective and rapid method. One hundred thirty six compost samples were collected from Incheon food waste compost factory at Namdong Indurial Complex. The samples were analyzed for nitrogen, organic matter (OM), ash, P, and K using Kjedahl, ignition method, and acid extraction with spectrophotometer, respectively. The samples were scanned using FOSS NIRSystem of Model 6500 scanning monochromator with wavelength from 400~2,400nm at 2nm interval. Modified partial Least Squares(MPLS) was applied to develop the most reliable calibration model between NIR spectra and sample components such as nitrogen, ash, OM, P, and K. The regression was validated using validation set(n=30). Multiple correlation coefficient(R2) and standard error of prediction(SEP) for nitrogen, ash, organic matter, OM/N ratio, P and K were 0.87, 0.06, 0.72, 1.07, 0.68, 1.05, 0.89, 0.31, 0.77, 0.06, and 0.64, 0.07, respectively. The results of this experiment indicates that NIRS is reliable analytical method to assess some components of feed waste compost, also suggests that feasibility of NIRS can be justified in case of various sample collection around the year. 본 연구는 음식물 쓰레기의 화학적 성분을 보다 신속하고 정확하게 측정할 수 있는 대안을 모색하기 위하여 수행되었다. 즉 근적외분광분석법을 이용한 분석가능성을 타진하기 위해 인천 남동공단에 있는 음식물 쓰레기 퇴비 공장에서 136점의 시료를 수집하여 파장의 수집, 화학 분석을 실시하였다. 파장과 쓰레기의 화학분석치를 이용하여 중회귀식을 작성하고 이것을 미지의 시료의 스팩트라를 사용하여 분석할 수 있는가를 검증하였다. 근적외선 분광분석법에서 흔히 쓰이는 기준은 결정계수(R2)와 검량식 표준오차(SEC)이며, 본 실험의 결과는 질소는 0.87와 0.06, 회분은 0.72과 1.07, 유기물은 0.68 및 1.05, 질소대 유기물 비율은 0.86과 0.31, 인은 0.77과 0.06 그리고 칼리는 0.64와 0.07를 나타냈다.이상의 실험결과 근적외 분광분석법으로 음식물쓰레기 퇴비의 분석이 가능하며 특히 질소와 유기물/질소의 비율에서 그 가능성이 확인되었다. 또 어떤 성분은 성분변이가 심하여 검량식이 잘 맞지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 앞으로 1년간의 음식물 쓰레기 퇴비를 대표할 수 있는 시료의 파장수집, 보다 정확한 화학분석 그리고 적절 중회귀식을 개발한다면 근적외분광분석법을 이용한 음식물쓰레기 퇴비의 성분 분석은 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

NIRS에 의한 음식물 쓰레기 퇴비 분석에 관한 연구

이효원,길동용,김창호 한국작물학회 2005 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

규산염 광물질로 정수된 급이수 및 사료내 규산염광물질 첨가제의 급여가 돼지의 성장능력 및 돈육의 품질에 미치는 영향

공창수,주원석,길동용,임종선,윤민성,김유용 한국동물자원과학회 2004 한국축산학회지 Vol.46 No.5

고온 환경에서 사료내 트립토판과 나이아신의 단독 혹은 혼합 첨가가 산란계의 생산성, 난품질, 지방간 지표 및 혈액성상에 미치는 영향

원승연,이지혜,권찬호,한기쁨,길동용 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2023 농업생명과학연구 Vol.57 No.3

본 연구는 고온 환경에서 사료내 트립토판과 나이아신의 첨가가 산란계의 생산성, 난품질, 지방간 지표 및 혈액성상에 미치는 상호작용 효과를 조사하고자 수행되었다. 총 384수의 25주령 로만 갈색종 산란계를 4처리 8반복으로 반복당 12수씩 무작위 임의 배치하였다. 기본 사료는 트립토판과 나이아신의 추가적인 첨가는 없으며 모든 영양소 및 에너지는 로만갈색종 산란계의 요구량에 충족하거나 초과하도록 배합되었다. 사료 처리구는 2 × 2 요인 실험 설계법으로 두 가지 수준의 트립토판(0 및 0.16%)과 두 가지 수준의 나이아신(0 및 0.03%)이 포함되었다. 모든 산란계의 사양환경은 일반 농가에서 낮시간에 온도가 올라가는 점을 고려하여 일일 중 8시간은 온도 31.4 ± 1.17℃, 습도 86.0 ± 4.28%으로 설정하였으며, 나머지 16시간은 온도 26.7 ± 1.10℃, 습도 61.7 ± 6.34%로 유지하여 주기적인 고온 환경을 조성하였다. 실험은 10주간 진행되었다. 실험 결과 사료내 트립토판과 나이아신의 주요 효과와 상호작용은 나타나지 않았다. 이와 유사하게, 난각 강도, 난각 두께, 난각색, 난황색 및 호우유닛에 대한 상호작용 도 나타나지 않았다. 주요 효과로 0.03%의 나이아신 첨가는 난황색을 유의적으로 감소시켰으나 호우유닛은 유의적으로 증가시켰다. 하지만, 0.16%의 트립토판 첨가는 난품질에 영향을 끼치지 않았다. 지방간 지표와 혈액성상에서 사료내 트립토판과 나이아신의 주요 효과 및 상호작용은 나타나지 않았다. 결론적으로, 본 연구에서 설정한 농도의 사료내 트립토판과 나이아신의 첨가는 고온 환경에서 사양되는 산란계의 생산성, 난품질, 지방간 지표 및 혈액성상에 긍정적인 영향을 미치지 않았다. This experiment investigated the interactive effect of dietary tryptophan (Trp) and niacin supplementation on productive performance, egg quality, fatty liver incidence, and serum measurements of laying hens raised under heat-stress conditions. 384 25-week-old Lohmann Brown-Lite laying hens were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 8 replicates. Each replicate had 12 birds. The basal diet with no supplementation of Trp and niacin was formulated to meet or exceed the nutrient and energy requirement. Dietary treatments included 2 levels of supplemental Trp (0 and 0.16%) and 2 levels of supplemental niacin (0 and 0.03%) in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. All hens were raised under a cyclic heat stress condition at 31.4 ± 1.17℃, 86.0 ± 4.28% for 8 h/d and 26.7 ± 1.10℃, 61.7 ± 6.34% for the remaining time. The experiment lasted for 10 wk. Results indicated no main effects and interactions of dietary Trp and niacin were observed for productive performance. Likewise, no interactions were found for eggshell strength, eggshell thickness, eggshell color, egg yolk color, and haugh unit. As the main effects, dietary supplementation of 0.03% niacin decreased (P < 0.05) egg yolk color but increased (P < 0.05) haugh unit. However, dietary supplementation of 0.16% Trp did not affect egg quality. No main effects and interactions of dietary Trp and niacin were observed for fatty liver incidence and serum measurements. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of Trp and niacin at the current level may exert no positive effects on productive performance, egg quality, fatty liver incidence, and serum measurements of laying hens raised under heat-stress conditions.

Determination of calcium and phosphorus utilization in various hatchery by-products for broiler chickens

최현석,박근현,김종혁,지상윤,길동용 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2019 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.46 No.2

The objective of the current study was to determine calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) utilization in 4 different hatchery by-products (HBPs) for broiler chickens. The four different HBPs included infertile eggs (IFE), unhatched eggs (UHE), low grade and dead chicks (LDC), and a mixture (MIX) of 55% IFE, 10% UHE, and 10% LDC with 25% hatched eggshells. A total of sixty four 50-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 8 replicates per treatment. Two birds were placed together in one metabolic cage. Additional 16 birds were used to measure the endogenous losses of Ca and P. A force-feeding procedure (i.e., crop intubation) was used to measure the apparent and true total tract retention (ATTR and TTTR, respectively) of Ca and P in the 4 HBPs. The results showed that the TTTR of Ca in the UHE was less (p < 0.05) than that in the IFE, LDC, and MIX. The amounts of available Ca in the MIX were greater (p < 0.05) than those in the IFE and UHE, which were greater (p < 0.05) than those in the LDC. The TTTR of P was not different among the 4 HBPs. However, the amounts of available P in the LDC were greater (p < 0.05) than those in the IFE and UHE, which were greater (p < 0.05) than those in the MIX. In conclusion, HBPs contain high amounts of available Ca and P because of high concentrations of total Ca and P with a high utilization rate. Therefore, the use of HBPs in broiler diets can reduce costs on Ca and P supplements.