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한국과 대만의 대학문화 비교 : 위계와 성차별, 폭력의 군대적 징후를 중심으로
권인숙,나윤경,문현아 이화여자대학교 한국여성연구원 2010 여성학논집 Vol.27 No.1
본 연구는 징병제가 존재하고 한국과 사회적 역사적 유사성이 두드러지지만, 한국과는 달리 위계적 대학문화에 대한 증상이 거의 없는 대만과 대학생문화에 대한 양적 질적 비교를 병행하였다. 이런 비교조사와 분석을 통하여 한국대학의 위계적, 성차별적 군대문화의 현황을 좀 더 명확히 짚어내고 원인을 파악하려 노력하였다. 비교 연구 결과를 보면 대만의 대학문화는 한국보다 위계적이지 않고, 위계문화의 필요성에 대한 지지도가 낮았다. 폭력이나 단체기합등 군대문화적 요소는 주로 한국 대학문화에서만 나타났고 남성중심적 술문화와 성매매문화의 지배력도 한국에서 더 강한 것으로 확인되었다. 대만과 한국의 대학문화의 이러한 차이를 낳는 사회 역사적 원인을 살펴보면 대만이 한국보다 위계적 집단주의 문화의 근거이고 원동력이라고 할 수 있는 국가주의적, 군사주의적 국민의 내적 동의나 뿌리가 약하다는 점을 들 수 있다. 대만 대학문화가 상대적으로 덜 위계적인 가장 중요한 직접적 원인은 징병시기에서 찾아볼 수 있다. 한국은 일반적으로 재학중 군대를 다녀오지만 대만은 대학을 마친 후 군대를 다녀오는 것이 일반적이다. 한국의 대학문화에서 군유경험자는 폭력성이나 위계문화 또는 술문화에 큰 영향력을 행사하는 존재로 확인되었다. This study has compared South Korea with Taiwan, a society which has an almost non-hierarchical college culture in spite of its social and historical similarities to Korea, including the recruit system. By the means of quantitative and qualitative comparative studies and analysis, it has tried to clarify the reasons behind the hierarchical and sexist military culture of Korean universities. According to the comparative studies, Taiwan's college culture is less hierarchical than that of South Korea, and support for the necessity of hierarchy is weaker. Hierarchy had a greater influence on the payment of meals, appellations and society admissions in South Korea. Elements of military culture such as violence or group discipline were usually only present in South Korean college culture. Male-centered drinking and prostitution culture was also found to be stronger in South Korea. The historical and social reason for these differences is that Taiwan has a weaker basis for nationalism and militarism, both essential factors in the founding of hierarchical and collective culture. The most direct reason for the lack of hierarchy in Taiwanese college culture is the period of recruitment. In South Korea, young men usually apply for military service during the first or second year or college, and return to school as second or third-year studies. In Taiwan, however, men are usually recruited after having graduated from college. Students who have served in the army have proved to have a significant influence on violence, hierarchy and drinking culture in Korea's college culture. South Korea's college culture has two main problems. The first is that South Korean college students are not able to be critical towards the harms of South Korea's oppressively hierarchical collective culture, and therefore do not develop the strength to fight against it. This is all the more problematic because they are the future components of South Korea's main institutions. The second is that it roots male-centeredness even further into the South Korean mentality.
권인숙 한국학중앙연구원 한국학중앙연구원 2014 THE REVIEW OF KOREAN STUDIES Vol.17 No.1
Eligible Wife was the latest work of writer Jeong Seongju in 2012. Using a reportage-like realistic portrayal, it explores the clash between two of the most controversial issues for married women: infidelity and children’s education. The basic structure of Eligible Wife is that within the hellish environment where most are brimming with the desire to maintain or ameliorate their social status through education and women play a crucial role as mothers, infidelity reveals a vision for a new way of life. Jeong Seongju’s intricate and balanced description shows at the same time that this living hell is too complex to overcome through a simple “good will triumph” ending. Although education is the most significant intermediary, the focus on child education is not simply the mother’s fulfillment of vicarious satisfaction or her identity formation. Because this living hell contains the entire society’s struggles and desires concerning class, gender , and relationships, everyone involved cannot be unhappy, or happy, at the same time. Jeong Seongju shows ng the fact that nobody is able to thoroughly criticize or take responsibility for the Korean class system, which is maintained and is still believed to be reversible through education. In this aspect, Jeong’s drama is particularly useful for interpreting the desires and identity of Korean society.
권인숙 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2005 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.11 No.2
Militarization and war are gendered activities, yet the two processes are not identical. These can and do impact the lives of women and men even in eras thought of as “peacetime,” or “pre-war” or “post-war.” This is evident from the evolving consciousnesses of South Korean women students who became activists in one of Asia’s most successful pro-democracy movements, the South Korean anti-military movement of the 1980s. Research on the relationship between women and militarism is a relatively new area of systematic investigation among feminists and is examined here. In South Korea, the student movement provided the activist core of what came to be the larger, nationally vibrant pro-democracy movement in the 1980s. Women students were prominent activists in this and the military regime utilized popular, culturally taken-for-granted ideologies, such as nationalism, patriarchy, the cult of national defense, gendered morality, militarism, statism, patriotism, groupism and often anti-communism. The consequences of militarization, likewise, will be different for women and men. Both of these gendered distinctions―causal and consequential―