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산화-막여과에 의한 망간 제거 시 과망간산과 차아염소산 복합 주입의 효과
곽효은,박정원,민소진,임주완,김기홍,이호성,남창현,박용민,박병규 대한상하수도학회 2018 상하수도학회지 Vol.32 No.3
The water containing soluble manganese may cause problems such as discolored water, unpleasant taste, fouling or scaling of pipes in water distribution system, and so on. Conventional water treatment processes using sand filtration or sedimentation after oxidation, however, cannot often meet manganese standard for drinking water. Two types of oxidants, potassium permanganate (KMnO4) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), were utilized at the same time for manganese oxidation, and then the precipitated manganese oxides were removed by low pressure membrane filtration in this study. In batch experiments, the multiple injection of both oxidants showed more effective manganese removal than did the single injection using either of them. Moreover, the deterioration of manganese removal at low temperature was less serious for the multiple injection than that for the single injection. Manganese removal by the continuous system of oxidation by multiple injection combined with membrane filtration was higher than those by batch experiments at the same oxidation conditions. In addition, less membrane fouling was observed for membrane filtration with oxidation during continuous membrane filtration than membrane filtration without oxidation. These results indicate that the oxidation by multiple injection coupled with membrane filtration was efficient and applicable to actual water treatment for manganese removal.
망간제거용 산화-막여과 공정에서 두 가지 산화제를 이용한 복합산화의 적용
곽효은,박정원,민소진,권오성,박병규 한국막학회 2015 한국막학회 총회 및 학술발표회 Vol.2015 No.05
망간은 수중에서 대체적으로 불용성이나, 지하나 지표에서 여러 가지 반응으로 인해 수중으로 용존되어 유입된다. 용존된 망간은 먹는 물에서 0.1 mg/L 이상일 경우 불쾌한 금속냄새가 나며, 0.02 mg/L 이상에서는 박테리아에 의한 이취미가 발생할 수 있다. 또한, 망간산화물이 급배수관에 피복되어 통수능을 감소시킨다. 최근 강화된 국내 먹는 물 수질 기준치는 0.05 mg/L이다. 이러한 망간 문제를 해결할 수처리 공정 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 과망간산칼륨(KMnO4)과 차아염소산 나트륨(NaOCl)을 이용하여 망간을 산화물로 변화시키고, 이를 한외여과막으로 제거한 후의 망간제거효율을 연구하였다. 특히, 두 산화제를 복합으로 사용할 때의 효과를 분석하고 실제 적용 가능성을 타진하였다.
응급실에 내원한 COVID-19 의심환자와 일반환자의 간호의존도 비교 연구
백승연l박솔미l정주희l김문정l박수빈l이효진l최지영l곽효은l임정현l이현심 병원간호사회 2021 임상간호연구 Vol.27 No.2
Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the nursing needs and workload of nurses according to nursing dependency for effective placement of nursing staff in the emergency department (ED). Methods: In June 2020, 256 adult patients who visited the ED were classified as two groups, suspected COVID-19 patients and general patients. The participants’electronic medical records were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, x2-test, and Fisher's exact test using the SPSS. Results: The patient dependence score showed a significant difference between the two groups, with an average of 13.99±1.85 for the suspected COVID-19 patient group and 10.58±2.10 for the general patient group (t=12.42, p<.001). There were statistically significant differences in communication (t=3.28, p=.001), mobility (t=3.29, p=.001), nutrition, elimination, and personal care (t=7.34, p<.001) among the six domains of nursing dependency. In the domains of environment, safety, health, and social needs, the dependency score was 3 for all suspected COVID-19 patients and 1 for all general patients. Conclusion: The results of this study confirmed that infection control activities of emergency patients who need isolation affect the patients’ nursing dependency on nursing care.
알루미늄염에 의한 인 제거 시 pH와 초기 인 농도의 영향
박정원,곽효은,민소진,정형근,박병규 대한상하수도학회 2016 상하수도학회지 Vol.30 No.2
Phosphorus (P) removal by aluminum sulfate solution was investigated with varying pH and initial P concentrations. P removal was the highest at around pH 6. The pH range where P removal occurred was slightly wider at higher initial P concentrations. Compared to theoretical calculations, it was confirmed that AlPO4 precipitation was the main reason for P removal at low pH. At high pH, where there should be no AlPO4 precipitates, the P removal by adsorption of amorphous Al(OH)3 precipitates was experimentally observed. The P removal by adding amorphous Al(OH)3 precipitates prepared before the adsorption experiments, however, was lower than that by injecting aluminum sulfate solution because the prepared precipitates became larger, leading to less specific surface area available for adsorption. Ions other than sulfate had little influence on P removal.
지속가능한 하천관리 정책 수립을 위한 시민인식 조사 결과와 시사점
김익재,최희선,곽효은 한국수자원공사 2019 저널 물 정책·경제 Vol.32 No.-
시민인식은 하천관리를 포함한 공공정책 수립에 결정적 요소들 중 하나로 점차 강조되고 있다. 따라서 하천관리체계의 변화에 따른 사회적 부문의 하천관리에 미치는 영향을 파악하고, 특히 우리나라 물관리일원화 이후 하천의 이용과 관리 및 정책에 대한 시민의 수요를 조사하는 것은 향후 하천 정책 수립에 매우 중요하다. 본 연구는 하천의 이용, 관리(주체), 정책, 기후변화 등에 대한 시민의 관심도와 만족도를 분석하였다. 시민인식 조사의 대상은 전국 남녀 4,500명(10대~60대)이었으며 패널 참여 방식으로 조사하였다. 설문 문항의 구성은 크게 3대 주제(하천 이용, 하천 관리, 그리고 하천 정책)으로 구분하고 각 주제별로 세부 문항을 구성하였다. 하천 관리와 정책에 대한 시민인식의 우선 순위는 수질, 물공급 관리, 그리고 생태계 복원의 순서로 조사되었으며 현재와 미래 하천에 대한 시민들의 수요는 깨끗한 수질과 생태서식 공간이 가장 높게 나타났다. 비록 높은 전문성을 요구하는 물관리 정책의 특성을 감안하더라도 본 연구의 주요 결과는 시민인식 기반의 하천 정책 수립에 있어서 중요한 기초가 될 것이다.
( Abinashi Sigdel ),박정원,곽효은,민소진,박병규 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.1
Amorphous iron oxide-impregnated alginate beads were developed for the removal of both arsenic(III) and arsenic(V) from water phase. The IO-alg beads were characterized by SEM-EDX. Arsenic adsorption efficiency by the beads was investigated as a function of contact time, concentration, pH, dosage and iron loading in the beads in batch experiments. Arsenic removal increased with increasing dose and initial concentration. Arsenic(III) adsorption by the beads was favored in pH range 6-9, while As(V) adsorption was favored in acidic pH. Pseudo-second-order kinetics and Freundlich isotherm model best described adsorption phenomena in terms of kinetics and equilibrium, respectively. Effectiveness of the beads for arsenic adsorption was not significantly affected even in the presence of common natural anions; only phosphate showed pronounced competitive effect especially at high concentration.