음악치료의 옥외공간 적용을 위한 고찰

공현석,정나라 전북대학교 부설 휴양및경관계획연구소 2010 휴양및경관연구 (J East Asian Landscape Studies) Vol.4 No.1

2차 세계대전 이후 발전하게 된 음악치료는 1950년대부터 음악치료학이란 학문으로 정립되었고 현재는 미국과 유럽 등지에 보편화되어 있는 상태이다. 음악치료는 체계적인 학문적 토대 위에 성장하게 되었고 음악치료의 효과 및 방법, 그리고 음악이신체에 미치는 반응등 생리적인 면까지 영향을 미친다는 사실이 연구 ․ 검증되고 있다.음악이 우리의 뇌파에 긍정적인 영향을 주고 있으며 이는 옥외공간에서도 적용 가치가 높다. 옥외공간에 다양한 타악기설치를 고려해 볼 수도 있으며 다양한 연령층의 개인적, 문화적, 사회적 배경을 고려하여 옥외공간에서 적합한 음악을 수동적으로들려줌으로 공간이용 효과를 배가 시킬 수 있다. 음악치료의 옥외공간 적용에 있어서 공간 이용자가 불특정 다수의 다양한사람을 대상으로 해야 하는 어려움이 있지만 이를 해결하고 다양한 사람들의 참여를 위하여 더욱 다양한 문화와 생활공간속에서 옥외공간과 음악치료가 접목된 연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다. The music therapy which was developed after the World War II was established as musicology, now widespread in the U.S.A and European countries. Music therapy has developed on the systemic academic foundation separately from commercialization, and the effects and methods of music therapy, and the physiological reactions and effects which music influence on physical body were proven by studies. Music had positive impact on our brain waves. This means that music can be applicable to one part of the outdoor spaces. Installation of various percussion instruments in outdoor spaces can be considered. Also, passively hearing musics appropriate to landscapes which consider the individual, cultural, and social backgrounds of people with various ages, it can double the using effect of outdoor spaces. To this end, follow-up studies on music therapy applied to outdoor spaces with in various culture and living space are needed.

Exosomal Communication Between the Tumor Microenvironment and Innate Immunity and Its Therapeutic Application

공현석,김상범 대한면역학회 2022 Immune Network Vol.22 No.5

Exosomes, which are well-known nanoscale extracellular vesicles, are multifunctional biomaterials derived from endosomes and perform various functions. The exosome is a critical material in cell-cell communication. In addition, it regulates the pathophysiological conditions of the tumor microenvironment in particular. In the tumor microenvironment, exosomes play a controversial role in supporting or killing cancer by conveying biomaterials derived from parent cells. Innate immunity is a crucial component of the host defense mechanism, as it prevents foreign substances, such as viruses and other microbes and tumorigenesis from invading the body. Early in the tumorigenesis process, the innate immunity explicitly recognizes the tumor via Ags and educates the adaptive immunity to eliminate it. Recent studies have revealed that exosomes regulate immunity in the tumor microenvironment. Tumor-derived exosomes regulate immunity against tumor progression and metastasis. Furthermore, tumor-derived exosomes regulate polarization, differentiation, proliferation, and activation of innate immune cells. Exosomes produced from innate immune cells can inhibit or support tumor progression and metastasis via immune cell activation and direct cancer inhibition. In this study, we investigated current knowledge regarding the communication between tumor-derived exosomes and innate immune cell-derived exosomes (from macrophages, dendritic cells, NK cells, and neutrophils) in the tumor microenvironment. In addition, we discussed the potential development of exosomal immunotherapy using native or engineered exosomes against cancer.

기후변화가 축산업에 미치는 경제효과

공현석(Hyeon Seok Gong),정경수(Kyeong Soo Jeong),김민경(Min Kyoung Kim),장재봉(Jae Bong Chang) 한국농식품정책학회 2020 농업경영정책연구 Vol.47 No.2

Adopting the Ricardian approach, this study investigates the economic effects of climate changes such as average temperature and rainfalls on Korean livestock farm revenue. The explanatory variables of empirical model were selected based on the previous literature. The pseudo-panel analysis is employed to resolve the imperfectness of the panel data. The results indicate that the control variables such as farming experience, household size, employment, ownership of heavy machinery, technology use, full-time farming and male owner affect the livestock farm revenue positively, and the age does negatively. The impact of summer average temperature on farm revenue was significant and negative, while that of winter was significant and positive. The marginal change of the summer temperature decrease farm revenue per head by 2.48%. This paper suggests that the livestock farm’s revenue responds sensitively to changes in summer and winter average temperature, and so we need to establish the long-term countermeasures against rapid climate change.

전지구예측시스템의 태풍예측특성과 해수면온도 영향분석

공해진,박정현,임윤진,주형돈,강현석 한국기상학회 2020 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2020 No.10

연령대에 따른 확산텐서영상을 이용한 정상 성인 뇌량의 신경섬유 영상의 유용성 평가

한현석,김학문,정태섭,이재영,이영주,구은회,공석교,김형기 대한자기공명기술학회 2011 대한자기공명기술학회지 Vol.21 No.-

Influence of Annealing Atmosphere on the Electrical Conductivity of Copper Nanoparticle Films

공달성,한길상,김민정,박소연,김성배,이승혁,신현정,신현호,정현석 대한금속·재료학회 2016 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.12 No.3

The oxidation, organic decomposition, and grain growth of Cunanoparticles were systematically investigated under various heattreatmentconditions to understand the correlation between the heattreatmentcondition and the electrical conductivity of nanoparticlebasedcopper films. The resistivity of Cu films annealed at 400°C inN2 gas was ~3 × 102 μΩ·cm, which is two orders lower than that of aCu film annealed in a reducing gas (~104μΩ·cm). The lowestresistivity of 9 μΩ·cm was achieved at an annealing temperature of600°C in N2 gas. The N2 atmosphere containing a fairly small amountof O2 was found to remove residual organics easily and facilitate thegrain growth of Cu nanoparticles, thereby yielding Cu films withsuperior electrical conductivity. These results clearly demonstrate theimportance of precise control of oxygen during the annealing process.

Copper Paste 소성거동과 전기적 특성의 상관관계

공달성,한길상,진영운,정현석 한국진공학회 2014 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2014 No.2

백혈구증다증 환자에서 치료적 백혈구성분채집술의 임상적 효과 및 안전성

이세나,공선영,공정희,엄현석,이혜원,박현진,손지연 대한수혈학회 2014 大韓輸血學會誌 Vol.25 No.2

Background: Therapeutic leukapheresis is the cytoreduction procedure performed before chemotherapy in patientswith hyperleukocytosis for prevention of complication. However, there have been clinical concerns about bleedingtendency due to anticoagulant used during the procedure. The aim of our study was to compare the clinicalcharacteristics and hematological parameters before and after therapeutic leukapheresis in order to evaluate its effecton bleeding tendency and to provide a guideline for treatment strategy. Methods: The clinical data for 39 procedures of therapeutic leukapheresis performed on 17 patients withhyperleukocytosis from May 2005 to October 2013 at the National Cancer Center were reviewed retrospectively. Results: The patients consisted of 11 males and six females. The mean age was 41 years old (range, 8∼74). The mean number of therapeutic leukapheresis per patient was two (range, 1∼4). Clinical symptoms improvedin 14 patients (82%) after therapeutic leukapheresis and three patients (18%) were not yet to improve. The meanWBC count was significantly reduced by 32.6% (±17.4) after therapeutic leukapheresis, from 250,146/μL(±117,000) to 174,702/μL (±104,700) (P<0.001). The mean volume of single removal was 298 ml with4.25×1011/L (±1.54) WBCs. After therapeutic leukapheresis, the mean platelet count showed a decline from85×109/L (±43) to 71×109/L (±26). However, the prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time(aPTT) did not show a significant increase (PT, P=0.637; aPTT, P=0.054). Conclusion: Therapeutic leukapheresis is demonstrated as an effective and safe treatment that can improvesymptoms and reduce leukocytes in hyperleukocytosis.

적혈구증다증 환자의 사혈술 효과 평가

공정희,공선영,이세나,엄현석,이혜원,한지연,유헌,심효은 대한수혈학회 2013 大韓輸血學會誌 Vol.24 No.3

Background:Polycythemia vera (PV) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm that can cause complications such as thrombosis and organ damage. To prevent complications of PV, therapy for maintenance of a hematocrit target of less than 45% has been recommended and phlebotomy is a simple therapy. However, the effects of phlebotomy have not been well evaluated in Korea. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of phlebotomy performed in patients with PV and secondary polycythemia. Methods:The clinical data and phlebotomy records of 15 patients diagnosed with PV and secondary polycythemia from May 2005 to March 2013 at the National Cancer Center were reviewed retrospectively. Results:Patients included 10 males and five females. The median age of patients was 63 years (range, 50∼72 years). There were six PV patients (40%) and nine secondary polycythemia patients (60%). The mean number of phlebotomy attempts per patient was 6 (range, 1∼22), with an interval between phlebotomy attempts of 16 weeks (range, 1∼96 weeks). The mean phlebotomy volume was 458 mL, which was 10.3% of the total blood volume. After phlebotomy, the mean hematocrit showed a decline, from 50.4 (±4.35)% to 46.5 (±4.85)%, and symptoms improved. After phlebotomies, 10 patients achieved a hematocrit of less than 45% and this hematocrit level was obtained after an average of six phlebotomies. Conclusion:Phlebotomy is an effective treatment modality for lowering the hematocrit value in patients with PV and secondary polycythemia. However, target hematocrit was not achieved after a single phlebotomy. Therefore, adjustment of visit intervals and changes in phlebotomy volume were needed. 배경: 진성 적혈구증다증은 골수증식성질환으로 혈전증과 이에 따른 경색, 장기 손상 등의 부작용이 발생할 수 있다. 이를 예방하기 위해 목표헤마토크릿 수치를 45% 미만으로 정하여 치료를시행하는 것이 권장되고 사혈술은 모든 진성 적혈구증다증 환자에게 권장되는 간단한 치료법이다. 하지만, 국내에서 사혈술의 효과에 대한 평가가 잘 이루어져 있지 않아 본 연구에서는 국립암센터에서 시행된 적혈구증다증 환자의 사혈술의효과를 평가해보고자 하였다. 방법: 2005년 5월부터 2013년 3월까지 국립암센터에서 진성과 이차성을 포함한 적혈구증다증으로 진단된 환자 15명에게 시행된 95건의 사혈술을 대상으로 환자의 임상기록 및 사혈술 기록지를 조사하여 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결과: 적혈구증다증 환자는 남자 10명, 여자 5 명으로 중앙 연령은 63세(50∼72)였다. 진성적혈구증다증 환자는 6명(40%), 이차성 적혈구증다증환자는 9명(60%)이었다. 평균 사혈 횟수는 6회(1 ∼22)이고 평균 사혈술 시행 간격은 16주(1∼96) 이었다. 평균 1회 제거 혈액량은 458 mL로 총 혈액량의 10.3%이었다. 시술 전, 후 헤마토크릿은50.4% (±4.35)에서 46.5% (±4.85)로 유의하게 감소하였으며 피로, 두통, 어지러움증, 가려움증 등의 증상이 개선되었다. 환자들의 치료 방법은 사혈술 단독치료 환자는 6명(40%), 아스피린과 사혈술 병행 치료환자는 4명(27%), 아스피린, 하이드록시유레아, 사혈술이 병행된 환자는 4명(27%), 인터페론알파, 사혈술이 병행된 환자는 1 명(6%)이었다. 10명에서 시술 후 헤마토크릿 목표치인 45%가 되었으며 목표치 헤마토크릿 45% 도달까지 평균 6회의 시술이 시행되었다. 결론: 사혈술은 적혈구증다증 환자에서 헤마토크릿을 낮추는 효과적인 치료 방법이었다. 하지만, 한 번의 시술로 45% 미만의 헤마토크릿 목표치에 도달하는 경우는 드물기 때문에 효과적인사혈술을 위한 방문 기간의 조정, 1회 사혈량의증가 등의 고려가 필요할 것으로 판단되었다.

혈액형 불일치 조혈모세포 이식 환자의 최적합 수혈을 위한 전산 프로그램

황주형,공선영,강수진,안태규,배현미,송윤경,손지연,엄현석,박현진 대한수혈학회 2014 大韓輸血學會誌 Vol.25 No.3

Background:The majority of patients undergoing stem cell transplantation (SCT) require a blood transfusion until the complete engraftment. Because blood transfusion rules for patients with ABO-incompatible SCT are complicated, we developed an ABO-incompatible transfusion management system (ABO-ITMS) for accurate blood transfusion and improved manageability. Methods:A committee composed of medical doctors, technicians, and a programmer developed ABO-ITMS during the eight months from July 2013 to February 2014. The program has been linked with other databases, including clinical and laboratory databases and resulted in a new subsystem of the health information system. Server computer's operating system was Window Server 2008, and the database manager program was Oracle 11g. Programming language was ASP.Net (VBScript, C #), and the server and client computer were used to connect to the web server using a web browser. Results:ABO-ITMS was designed to follow three main steps by hematologic oncology clinic, laboratory physician, and blood bank. In the first step, a hematologic-oncology clinic doctor inputs SCT recipients’ data and appropriate ABO group for each phase of post-transplantation. Laboratory physician enters the isoagglutinin titer and ABO group at the second step. Finally, blood bank workers enter the results of type, screening, and antibody identification. The patient’s SCT information and the previous immunohematologic test results are shown on the screen. Conclusion:ABO-ITMS can replace the existing complicated system and workflow. ABO-ITMS will contribute to reducing medical error and improving quality of SCT recipient care.