가속기빔을 이용한 돌연변이 육종의 특성과 연구개발 현황

강시용 한국육종학회 2023 한국육종학회지 Vol.55 No.2

Mutation breeding through irradiation has been applied to several varieties and genetic resources since the discovery of the useof X-rays for inducing mutations in plants by Stadler in 1928. A heavy ion beam with high linear energy transfer (LET) shows a higherrelative biological effectiveness (RBE), and it is more effective in inducing plant mutations than low LET radiations, such as X-rays, gammarays, and electrons. Since early 1990s, several plant breeding programs in Japan have used heavy ion beams from accelerators. These beamsimpart a high energy effect on a local target; therefore, they induce a higher number of single and double strand DNA breaks. In addition,they induce a large number of DNA deletions than low LET radiations. Therefore, a heavy ion beam is superior to low LET radiations interms of induction rate and the mutation spectrum. In Korea, a heavy ion accelerator that can be used for breeding is under construction. However, a large-capacity proton accelerator (KOMAC: Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex) was built recently, and it is a pioneerstep in breeding research worldwide. This review summarizes the basic characteristics, successful research achievements, and the prospectof application of high LET accelerator beams in plant mutation breeding.

연구동향 : 한국원자력연구원 정읍 방사선 과학연구소 방사선육종연구팀

강시용,김동섭,하보근,김진백,김상훈 한국콩연구회 2011 한국콩연구회소식 Vol.292 No.-

돌연변이 육종이 현황과 미래

강시용,송희섭 한국육종학회 2003 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.2003 No.9

신도입 콩과작물 아피오스(apios)의 개요 및 생육특성

강시용,강영길,강봉균,류기중 한국작물학회 2001 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2001 No.1

발아증진 및 소독을 위한 물리적 방법을 이용한 종자처리 기술

강시용 (사)한국방사선산업학회 2023 방사선산업학회지 Vol.17 No.2

S ince seeds can be directly used as food resources as well as for crop cultivation orpreservation of genetic resources, it is essential to develop high-quality seed processing technology toincrease agricultural productivity. Seed treatment means processing technologies of seeds throughphysical or chemical treatment processes from after harvesting seeds to before sowing of seeds toimprove germination and growth rate, durability, and immunity, etc. Since chemical seed treatmenttechnology using pesticides or plant growth regulators has problems of environmental pollution andhuman toxicity, it is desired to develop an alternative technology. As a physical seed treatment method,various technologies such as ionizing radiation, plasma, microwave, and magnetic field are beingdeveloped, and some of them are being used practically. In this paper, I will summarize the mechanismof seed priming and disinfection, and the advantages and disadvantages of application, focusing on thesephysical seed treatment methods. Low dose or moderate intensity ionizing radiation, microwave, lowtemperatureplasma, and magnetic field treatments often promoted seed germination and seedlinggrowth. However, effective removal of direct seed pathogens at these treatment intensities appears tobe difficult. And it has been shown that relatively high-dose electron beam treatment using low-energyelectron beams kills microorganisms on the seed surface and hull layer while not damaging the innertissue of the seed, and is also effectively used for seed treatment on a commercial scale. In order to putthe physical seed treatment technology to practical use in Korea, it is necessary to develop an economicalscale treatment device along with the development of individual treatment technology to each crop.

케나프 수집 유전자원의 생육특성

강시용,김동섭,박인숙,송희섭 한국작물학회 2005 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

케나프 품종의 생육 및 광합성 특성

강시용,김판기,유장걸 한국작물학회 2001 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2001 No.1

벼 품종 밀양 23호와 고시히카리의 수형태와 영화 퇴화 차이

강시용 한국작물학회 1997 Korean journal of crop science Vol.42 No.6

벼 다수성 통일계 밀양 2003와 일본형 품종 고시히카리를 1/ 5,000 a 포트에 재배하여, 유수분화기부터 퇴화 영화의 형성과정을 중심으로 Cryo-SEM 관찰하고, 수내 위치별 형성 특성에 관해서 검토하였다. 1. 퇴화영화는 수 하단부 1차지경의 영화시원체가 발육하여 외영과 내영이 서로 교합한 이후에 수 전체에서 거의 동시적으로 발생하였는데, 처음에는 주로 외영 및 호영의 일부 표면세포의 고사 파괴로부터 시작되어 전표면세포 및 소지경 표면의 파괴로 발달하는 양상을 나타냈다. 2. 출수 7일후에 조사한 1수당 분화영화수 및 퇴화영화수는 밀양 2003가 각각 약 240개, 80개인데 비교하여, 고시히카리는 각각 87개, 6개로, 밀양 2003가 고시히카리보다 3배 가까이 많았다. 또한 밀양 2003는 특히 중하위의 1차지경에서 많은 2차 및 3차지경의 영화가 형성되며, 퇴화율도 약 2.5배 고시히카리보다 높았다. 3. 1수당 영화수(Y)와 1차, 2차, 3차 지경수(각각 X$_1$, X$_2$, X$_3$)와의 관계식은 고시히카리의 경우 기존의 보고와 같이 Y=5.5X$_1$+3.0X$_2$가 적합하였으나, 밀양 2003의 경우 분화영화수의 경우는 Y1=5.7X$_1$+3.5X$_2$+2.8X$_3$, 정상영화수의 경우는 Y2=5.6X$_1$+3.2X$_2$+2.4X$_3$가 적합하였다. Differentiation and degeneration of spikelets in paddy rice has been studied in high yielding Indica$\times$Japonica hybrid cultivar, Milyang 23 and a Japonica type cultivar, Koshihikari. Germinated seeds planted in 5000$^{-1}$ a pots filled with submerged soil and cultured under natural conditions. The young panicles of main stem were continuously dissected and observered by Cryo-SEM from the panicle initiation stage, and investigated about formation position of the differentiation and degeneration spikelet within a panicle of 7 days after heading. The degeneration of spikelet appeared simultaneously throughout panicle just after closure of spikelet by the palea and lemma. Differentiated and degenerated spikelets per panicle were about 240, 80 for Milyang 23 and 87, 6 for Koshihikari, respectively. The spikelets degeneration in Milyang 23 was mainly on the secondary and tertiary branch which were developed from primary branch of middle-basal panicle node and hardly not the spikelets of primary branch, and degeneration rate of secondary and tertiary rachis branch and spikelets for Milyang 23 were 2.5 times greater than those of Koshihikari. The proper relation equation between total differentiation or normal spikelets number per panicle(Y) and each rachis branch number were different between cultivars, Le., Y=5.5X$_1$+3.0X$_2$ for Koshihikari as previously proposed, but those of Milyang 23, Y=5.7X$_1$+3.5X$_2$+2.8X$_3$ for total differentiation spikelets and Y=5.6X$_1$+3.2X$_2$+2.4X$_3$ for normally developed spikelets, where X$_1$, X$_2$, X$_3$ are number of primary, secondary, tertiary rachis branch, respectively.

신도입 케나프 품종의 파종시기에 따른 생육 및 수량 변동과 광합성 특성

강시용,강영길,유장걸,김판기,류기중,송희섭,강봉균 한국자원식물학회 2004 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinusL.), an annual plant of the family Malvaceae, is considered tobe the most promising for alternative plants with potential use as a non-wood fiber source.The objectives of this study were to select the optimum seeding date and adaptable cultivaramong newly introduced kenaf cultivars (Everglades-41, Tainung-2 and Chingpi-3) in Jejuisland, and to clarify the photosynthetic characteristics of those cultivars. Among the threecultivars, the fresh shoot weight per unit area of Chingpi-3 at harvest season showed highestthrough all seeding dates, that of while Everglades-41 was the lowest. The difference of shootyield at harvest mainly due to seedling stand rate and plant number per unit area among thecultivars. The Chingpi-3 showed the highest shoot fresh weight in the seeding date of May 11and decreased trend in the late seeding dates. Net photosynthesis rate was higher onEverglades-41 with entire type leaf than other two cultivars with palmate type leaf. Theactivity of ribulose-1,5- bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase(rubisco) estimated from the A-Ci curve showed highest in Chingpi-3 among three cultivars. These results suggest thatChingpi-3 might be adaptable cultivar with seeding date of around May 10 for kenafproduction in Jeju island.

돌연변이 화훼육종 과제의 2009년도 주요 성과

강시용,김상훈,고갑천,임기병,박종환,김종선,강경원,이효연,박재옥,이은경 한국육종학회 2010 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.42 No.1