우리나라 證券産業의 效率性 分析 : 規模 및 範圍의 經濟性 分析을 中心으로

강승구 서울大學校 大學院 1997 국내석사

주차공간 구조물의 성능기반 내화설계를 위한 차량화재성상과 내화거동에 관한 연구

강승구 호서대학교 일반대학원 2014 국내석사

ABSTRACT A Study on the Vehicle Fire Behavior and Fire Resistance Properties for Performance-Based Fire Safety Design of Parking Space Structures Seung-Goo Kang Department of Digital Display Engineering, The Gradute School Hoseo University Asan, Korea (Supervised by professor Young-Jin Kwon) As modern society gets enlarged, modernized and basement in depth with high level of economic growth, its utilization is getting higher. Vehicle has convenience·mobility·property value and it became necessity all around the world. Also, vehicle is expected to continuously increasing in the future for profit of human. On the other hand, recently fire in parking lot is increasing, and vehiclee fire causes great damage of parking lot structure. The problem about vehicle fire in parking lot is as in the following. First, there are only few study on parcel characteristic of parking lot. As it mentioned earlier, existing parking space and newly established big space parking space has certainly different fire behavior, therefore, it needs to understand spatial characteristic, types of combustibles, arrangement of combustibles and characteristic of structure from combustible investigation of parking space, then calculate fire loading and establish basic data base of parking space. Second, the study on characteristic of vehicle fire at parking space is insufficient. The base data such as HPR about domestic vehicle combustion experiment, temperature distribution and smoke generation rate is inadequate. Although basic data about heat release rate, temperature characteristic and poisonous gas is acquired other than vehicle fire experiment by Yongho Yu and combustion characteristic of vehicle interior material by Youngtak Kim, however, the method for fireproof design of parking space is not proposed. Third, the legal system on fire resistance standard applied in Korea. Currently, fire resistance secure standard for building is applied the same to parking lot structure in Korea. vehiclee fire severity is considered higher than fire severity of regular structure, and close examination is required for regular building fire and parking lot vehicle fire through fire resistance capacity test and residual strength test. Fourth, the study on fire behavior forecast, framework temperature forecast, dynamic behavior forecast for performance based fireproof design for parking log structure is insufficient. It is considered that establishment of interpretation tool that is practical to domestic circumstance rather than existing wide use interpretation program through collection of data about input condition and boundary condition that is suitable for domestic circumstance other than regulation and standard for progress of study on thermal analysis. In this study, total 6 of actual formation size (4000×600×180mm) RC slabs which expected to be the most vulnerable part in vehicle fire was produced for vehicle fire characteristic and performance based fireproof design of attached parking lot structure. Also, examination on fire hazard of attached parking lot structure was performed by conducting fireproof test and residual strength test on produced slab. Establishing performance based fireproof design of each parking lot structure based on this result is goal of this study, and following detail goals were set by using performance based fireproof design of Architectural Institute of Korea. First, analyze domestic and oversea fireproof design condition for performance based fireproof design of paring lot structure, and examine limit and necessity of current domestic performance based fireproof design. Second, conduct parking space characteristic investigation to examine risk on vehicle in domestic attached parking lot, conduct burning experiment for each kinds with this, review fire behavior and combustion characteristic, and deduct risk of vehicle fire. Third, it has its goal on performing fire safety evaluation on slab framework with fire resistance capacity test and residual strength test for fire severity built on ISO 834 and KS F-2257 used in regular building fire and fire severity that assumed parking lot vehicle fire, then establishing performance based fireproof design of attached parking lot structure in the future. 1) Parking space property investigation Spatial characteristic, number of vehicle, area of parking space of structure was investigated for big sales facility C mall, apartment house K apartment and P apartment in downtown area parking space. As a result, average distance for column and wall material for 5 of vehicle type was 81.6cm 57.2cm for compact vehicle, 29cm, 44.6cm for small vehicle, 29cm, 44.6cm for medium size vehicle, 30cm, 42.2cm for large vehicle, 17.6cm, 42.2cm for van, and 35.6cm, 29.2cm truck. 2) Combustion characteristic test by types of vehicle (1) It is shown that as a fire behavior in vehicle fire, fire extends to the ceiling of vehicle with breakage of glass within 10 minutes of ignition and temperature rapidly increase, since 2.5m or higher of continuous flame height was measured in upper part of vehicle in vehicle combustion, it is considered that severe damage will be caused by flame exposure to slab of parking lot structure. (2) Heat of combustion and heat release rate in vehicle fire is important elements in fire damage. Heat of combustion was deducted average 25.22MJ/kg for Korean, European and Japanese vehicle, 29.93MJ/kg for European vehicle, 30.18MJ/kg for Japanese vehicle, and it was confirmed that heat of combustion for domestic and oversea vehicle was within 25.22MJ/kg∼30.18MJ/kg boundary. Also, as a result of regression analysis of heat release rate and total caloric value of domestic and oversea vehicle, it was deducted Korean vehicle Y=0.008x, European vehicle Y=0.007x, and Japanese vehicle Y=0.004x. (3) Scale of fire and damage of structure is decided by fire severity in vehicle fire. Generally, f 현대사회는 고도한 경제성장에 따라 대형화, 첨단화, 지하심층화 되면서 이에 대한 활용도가 높아지고 있는 실정이다. 전 세계적으로 차량은 편리성·기동성·재산적 가치를 지니며 필수품으로 거듭났다. 또한 인간의 영리를 위해 향후에도 차량은 지속적으로 증가될 것으로 전망된다. 반면, 최근 주차장에서의 화재가 증가하고 있으며, 차량화재로 인해 주차장 구조물의 막대한 피해가 발생하고 있다. 이러한 주차공간에서의 차량화재에 대한 문제점을 고안하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 주차공간의 구획특성에 대한 연구가 부족하다. 앞서 언급한 바와 같이 기존 주차공간과 신설되는 대공간 주차공간은 화재성상이 확연히 다르며, 이에 따라 주차공간의 가연물조사를 통해 공간특성, 가연물종류, 가연물배치. 구조물특성을 파악하고 주차공간 시설에 대한 화재하중 산출 및 주차공간의 기초적인 Data Base 구축이 필요하다. 둘째, 주차공간에서의 차량화재특성에 대한 연구가 부족하다. 국내의 차량연소 실험에 대한 HRR, 온도분포, 화재강도, 연기발생량 등의 기초 Data가 매우 미비하다. 현재 국내에서는 유용호의 차량화재실험과 김영탁의 자동차 내장재의 연소특성이외에 차량화재에 대한 연구가 열방출율, 온도특성, 유독가스 등에 대한 기초적인 데이터 확보는 하였으나 주차공간의 내화설계를 위한 방법 등은 제시되지 않았다. 셋째, 국내 적용되고 있는 내화성능 기준에 대한 법체계이다. 현재 국내의 건축물 내화성능 확보 기준이 주차장 구조물에 동일하게 적용되고 있다. 차량화재강도는 일반건축물 화재강도보다 높게 판단되며 일반 건축물화재와 주차장 차량화재에 대하여 내화성능 테스트 및 잔존내력 테스트를 통하여 보다 면밀한 검토가 필요하다. 넷째, 주차장 구조물의 성능기반 내화설계를 위해 화재성상예측, 부재온도예측, 역학성상예측에 대한 연구가 미흡하다. 열해석에 대한 연구 진행을 위해 국외의 규정, 기준이외에 국내 실정에 맞는 입력조건, 경계조건에 대한 Data 수집을 통해 기존 범용화 해석프로그램이 아닌 국내 실정에 맞는 해석툴에 대한 정립이 필요하다고 판단된다. 본 연구는 이상과 같은 문제점에 대하여 차량화재특성과 부설주차장 구조물의 성능기반내화설계를 위하여 차량화재시 가장 취약할 것으로 판단되는 RC 슬래브에 대하여 실대형 크기(4000×600×180mm)로 총 6개를 제작하였다. 또한, 제작한 슬래브에 대하여 내화실험과 잔존내력실험을 실시하여 부설주차장 구조물의 화재위험성에 대한 검토를 수행하였다. 이에 대한 결과를 토대로 각 주차장 구조물의 성능기반내화설계를 구축하는 것을 본 연구의 목적으로서 대한건축학회의 성능기반 내화설계의 프로세스를 이용하여 다음의 세부 목적을 설정하였다. 첫째, 주차장 구조물의 성능기반 내화설계위해 국내외 내화설계 현황을 분석하고, 현재 국내의 성능기반 내화설계에 대한 한계성과 필요성에 대하여 검토한다. 둘째, 국내 부설주차장의 차량에 대하여 위험성을 검토하기 위하여 주차공간 특성 조사를 실시하고, 이를 통해 종류별 연소실험을 실시하여 화재성상 및 연소특성을 검토하여 차량화재의 위험성을 도출한다. 셋째, 일반 건축물화재에 사용되고 있는 ISO 834 및 KS F-2257에 의거한 화재강도와 주차장 차량화재를 가정한 화재강도에 대하여 내화성능 테스트 및 잔존내력 테스트를 통하여 슬래브 부재에 대한 화재안전평가를 수행하고, 향후 부설주차장 구조물의 성능기반 내화설계를 구축하는데 목적이 있다. 1) 주차공간 특성조사 도심지 주차공간에서 대형 판매시설 C몰과 공동주택 K 아파트, P 아파트에 대하여, 구조물의 공간특성, 차량대수, 주차공간의 면적을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 각 차량종류별 5대에 따른 기둥과 벽 부재에 대한 평균거리는 경차 81.6cm, 57.2cm, 소형승용차 29cm, 44.6cm, 중형승용차 29cm, 44.6cm, 대형승용차 30cm, 42.2cm, 승합차 17.6cm, 42.2cm, 화물차 35.6cm, 29.2cm 로 나타났다. 2) 차량종류에 따른 연소특성 실험 (1) 차량화재 시 화재성상으로서 착화 이후 10분이내에 차량의 유리창의 파손과 함께 차량의 천정부로 화재가 확대되어 온도가 급격히 상승하는 경향을 확인할 수 있었으며, 차량연소 시 차량 상부에서 2.5m 이상의 연속적인 화염높이가 측정되어 주차장 구조물의 슬래브에 화염노출로 인해 심각한 피해가 발생할 것으로 사료된다. (2) 차량화재 시 발생되는 연소열과 열방출율은 화재피해에 있어서 중요한 요소이다. 한국과 유럽, 일본 차량의 경우 연소열은 평균 25.22MJ/kg, 유럽차량의 경우 29.93MJ/kg, 일본차량의 경우 30.18MJ/kg로 도출되었으며, 국내·외 차량의 연소열은 25.22MJ/kg∼30.18MJ/kg 범위에 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 국내·외 차량의 열방출율과 총 발열량의 회귀분석을 수행한 결과, 한국차량 Y=0.008x, 유럽차량 Y=0.007x, 일본차량 Y=0.004x 으로 도출되었다. (3) 차량화재시 화재강도에 따라 화재규모와 구조물의 피해가 결정된다. 일반적으로 화재강도는 화재온도 상승계수를 고려하여 가열곡선으로 나타내며, 과 같이 작성되고 있다. 이를 통해 차량 전체에서의 1200℃ 이상 온

GIS를 활용한 미계측 유역의 강우-유출 모델링 분석연구

강승구 仁川大學校 大學院 2003 국내석사

지리정보시스템 (Geographical Information Systems; GIS)은 강우-유출등 수문학적 모델링에 있어서 많은 새로운 방법을 연구할 수 있다. 강우-유출모델링 과정에서 입력매개변수인 수문학적 지형특성인자를 DEM(Digital Elevation Model)으로부터 구축하고, GIS를 활용하면 자료의 수집, 분석, 보관의 측면뿐만 아니라 해석결과의 전달 측면에서도 기존의 방법보다 효과적이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 위천유역을 대상으로 하여 미계측 유역의 강우-유출모델링 방안의 적합성을 제시하고자 한다. 주요 분석프로그램은 WMS를 사용하고, 홍수유출모델로는 HEC-1 모형을 사용하였다. GIS와 WMS를 이용하여 지형특성인자값을 산정하고, 토양도와 토지이용도를 이용하여 유출곡선지수(CN)값을 산정한 후 강우-유출 해석시 전유역을 대상으로 한 경우와 소유역으로 세분화한 2가지 경우에 대해서 해석을 실시하였다. 전 유역을 단일유역으로 하여 강우-유출모의를 해석한 결과는 강우사상, 강우분포형태에 따라 첨두유량과 첨두발생시간이 관측 수문곡선과 다소 차이가 있었고, 단일호우이면서 전진형 분포, 단기간의 집중성향을 가지는 강우형태 외에는 최적화에 의한 방법이 근접하였다. 특히 대상유역을 각각 12, 24, 36개의 소유역으로 세분화하여 강우-유출모의를 해석한 결과는 24, 36개의 소유역으로 세분화하였을 때 첨두유량과 첨두발생시간이 관측 수문곡선과 거의 일치함을 보여주고 있어, 소유역의 분할수를 24개로 할때 관측 수문곡선과 유사한 결과를 나타낼 수 있었다. 이와같이 GIS를 이용하여 지형특성매개변수를 추출하고 WMS에서 대상유역을 소유역으로 세분화하여 강우-유출 모델링을 실시한 결과 좀더 실측치에 가까운 모의를 할 수 있어 그 적합성을 알 수 있었다. Geographical Information System (GIS) has a great deal of potential in hydrological modeling, e.g. rainfall-runoff modeling. The application of GIS in rainfall-runoff modeling, including building a data-bases for hydrological geographical parameters using Digital Elevation Model(DEM), is more advantages in data collection, analysis, and preservation, as well-known as well as further utilization of the results. This study was aimed to propose a methodology of rainfall-runoff modeling for an ungaged basin area, e.g. Wicheon Basin in this study. WMS was the main analysis program and HEC-1 program was also used in flood modeling. GIS and WMS produced the geographical parameters using DEM and CN valuses using soil map and land use map. The results were then cased in rainfall-runoff modeling for two cases ; a single area for the whole basin and several area for a numbers of sub-basins When a single area for the whole basin is applied, a significant difference peak-flow and peak time was observed. When the whole basin was sub-divided into 12, 24 and 36's sub-basins, all results presented better correlations between the prediction and observation than the case for a single basin. The case for 24's however, produced better results than the case for 12's, and similar sesults to the case for 36's. In conclusion, it is found that the sub-division of a concreted basin area is more effective in rainfall-runoff modeling The application of GIS and WMS is proved to be beneficial in the process.

곡률이 있는 복합재를 이용한 모드 I, II 층간파괴인성치 동시 도출 기법 연구

강승구 한밭大學校 2020 국내박사

The aim of the present study is to develop a method for determining both Mode-I and Mode-II interlaminar fracture toughness of curved composite-material flat panels in parallel for carrying out a progressive failure analysis. Evaluating the interlaminar fracture toughness of composite materials requires basic physical property testing along each material direction and mode-specific interlaminar fracture toughness testing. Interlaminar fracture toughness testing, however, involves significant deviations that vary depending on the specimen fabrication process, test operator, and test environment, and thus high-reliability test results can only be achieved by performing a series of tests on a large number of specimens. While error can indeed be reduced by collecting specimens from actual structures, it is never easy to adjust the shape and size of specimens as desired when these specimens are to be collected from actual structures made of composite materials. For this reason, specimens for interlaminar fracture toughness testing are fabricated in a somewhat different manner from those collected from actual structures. This not only causes an error in test results but also significantly lengthens the time required to fabricate specimens and conduct tests. When subjected to interlaminar fracture toughness testing, curved flat panels exhibit combined failure modes of Mode I and Mode II. In the present study, interlaminar fracture toughness tests were performed on curved composite material flat panels to determine their interlaminar fracture toughness, and the obtained interlaminar fracture toughness values were decomposed into pure Mode-I and Mode-II interlaminar fracture toughness values. In doing so, both Mode-I and Mode-II interlaminar fracture toughness values could be obtained at the same time. This approach contributed to shortening the time required for testing and reducing errors arising from process changes. To this end, first, basic physical properties of the composite materials used in this study were evaluated along each material direction, and interlaminar fracture toughness tests were conducted while varying the curvature of the panels and with respect to the failure modes. Second, the test results of the curved composite-material flat panels were compared with those obtained from non-curved composite-material flat panels so that the obtained interlaminar fracture toughness values of the curved composite-material flat panels could be decomposed. Finally, in an attempt to verify the decomposed interlaminar fracture toughness values, a progressive failure analysis was conducted using the Cohesive Zone Model (CZM). When compared to the progressive failure analysis results, the DCB model and ENF model exhibited errors of 1.57% and 3.3%, respectively. 본 논문에서는 곡률이 있는 복합재 평판을 이용하여, 점진적 파손평가를 위한 모드 I과 모드 II 층간파괴인성치를 동시에 도출하는 기법에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 복합재의 층간파괴인성 평가를 위해서는 소재 방향별 기본물성시험과 모드별 층간파괴인성 시험이 필요하다. 이때, 층간파괴 인성시험의 경우 시험편의 제작 공정, 시험자, 시험 환경 등에 따라 큰 편차를 나타내어 많은 수의 시편에 대해 평가를 수행해야 신뢰도 높은 시험치를 얻을 수 있다. 또한 시험편의 경우 실제 구조물에서 채취하여 사용하는 것이 오차를 줄일 수 있는 방법이지만 곡률이 있는 복합재 구조물의 실제 구조물에서 시험편을 채취할 경우 시험편의 형태와 크기를 맞추기 힘들다. 따라서, 층간파괴인성시험을 위해 실제 구조물과 다른 방법으로 시험편을 제작하여 시험을 하게 되는데, 이는 시험치에 오차로 남게 되고, 시험편의 제작, 시험에서 많은 시간이 소요되게 된다. 곡률이 있는 평판의 층간파괴 인성시험은 곡률에 따라 모드 I과 모드 II가 혼합된 파손 형태로 나타나게 된다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 곡률이 있는 복합재 평판의 층간파괴인성 시험을 통해 얻은 혼합된 층간파괴인성치를 순수한 모드 I과 모드 II의 층간파괴 인성치로 분해하는 층간파괴인성치 동시 도출 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 통해 시험에 소요되는 시간과 공정 변화에 따라 발생하는 오차를 줄일 수 있다. 이를 위해 첫째로 복합재의 방향별 기본물성평가와 곡률 변화와 파손 모드에 따른 층간파괴인성 시험을 수행하였고, 둘째로 곡률이 있는 복합재 평판의 시험결과와 곡률이 없는 복합재 평판의 시험결과를 비교하여 곡률이 있는 복합재 평판의 층간파괴인성치를 분해하는 연구를 하였고, 마지막으로 분해한 층간파괴인성치를 검증하기 위해 분해한 층간파괴인성치를 사용하여 Cohesive Zone Model(CZM)을 이용해 점진적 파손평가를 수행하였다. 점진적 파손평가 결과 시험과 비교하여 DCB 모델에서는 1.57%, ENF 모델에서는 3.3%의 오차가 나타났다.

함철물질과 persulfate를 이용한 2,4-Dinitrotoluene의 분해

강승구 울산대학교 2010 국내석사

2,4-Dinitrotoluene(DNT)은 니트로방향족 화합물(Nitroaromatics compounds)로 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene(TNT)의 합성 공정에서 유래하는 대표적인 난분해성 오염물질로 미국 환경청(U.S. E.P.A.)에서 분류한 주된 오염물질(priority pollutants)중 하나이다. 본 논문에서는 돌연변이 유발원 및 발암성 물질로 알려진 DNT를 In-Situ Chemical Oxidation(ISCO)공법으로 함철물질(Fe-bearing materials)과 산화제로 persulfate(S2O82-)를 이용하여 DNT를 분해할 때, 함철물질 존재 유무와, 산화제 주입 유무에 따른 DNT의 분해효율과 함철물질의 종류와 산화제 주입량에 따른 DNT의 분해속도 및 분해효율을 연구하였다. 영가철(Zero-valent Iron; ZVI)과 persulfate를 이용한 산화실험에서는 영가철만을 이용한 환원실험, persulfate만을 이용한 산화실험과 비교하였을 때 영가철과 persulfate를 같이 사용한 DNT분해 실험에서 DNT의 분해속도와 분해효율이 향상되었고 완전한 제거를 얻었으며, 영가철의 주입량이 증가할수록 DNT의 분해효율도 증가하였다. 또한 DNT의 환원반응 중 생성된 중간물질인 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene (2A4NT), 4-amino-2-nitortoluene (4A2NT), 2,4-diaminotoluene (DAT) 물질들에 대한 분해실험 결과 nitro기를 가진 물질보다 amino기를 가진 물질들의 분해 효율이 더 빠른 것으로 나타났다. Pyrite(FeS2)와 persulfate를 이용한 산화실험에서도 FeS2와 persulfate를 같이 사용한 DNT분해 실험이 persulfate만을 이용한 산화실험, 영가철만을 이용한 환원실험과 비교하였을 때 DNT의 분해효율이 증가되었으며, persulfate의 농도가 증가할수록 DNT의 분해효율이 증가하여 완전한 분해를 얻을 수 있었다. Iron sulfide(FeS)와 persulfate를 이용한 실험에서 persulfate는 DNT를 산화시킬 수 없었으나 FeS만을 이용한 환원실험에서 반응시간 240분 일 때 DNT의 분해가 100%로 FeS의 환원반응이 매우 빠르게 나타났으며, FeS와 persulfate를 같이 사용한 DNT분해 실험에서도 반응시간 240분일 때 100%가 분해되었다. 위의 실험결과들로부터 persulfate만을 이용한 산화실험의 경우 persulfate가 1000mg/L이하의 경우 50mg/L DNT의 산화에 영향을 끼치지 못하였으며, 함철물질을 이용한 환원실험의 경우 영가철(peerless iron), FeS2 그리고 FeS를 사용하여 300분 동안 반응시켰을 때 각각의 분해효율이 20, 40, 100%를 나타냈으며, 이후 함철물질과 persulfate를 같이 사용한 분해실험에서는 각각 90, 50, 100%로 효율이 증가하였다. 본 연구결과 persulfate와 함철물질을 사용한 산화기술이 ISCO로 효과적으로 사용될 수 있음이 증명되었다.

고등학교 1학년 수학과 '부등식의 영역' 단원의 학습 과제 분석

강승구 경북대학교 교육대학원 2010 국내석사

This study has two purposes. One is to help teachers in a practical classroom environment to teach in a more systematic and effective way by analyzing tasks. The other is to help students to reduce their poor achievement by presenting a correct way to solve the problems. These are the steps I took to achieve the study purpose: 1) To ascertain the teaching and learning objectives of 'Domain of Inequality' in the high school freshmen mathematics on the basis of national curriculum and manual of it. 2) To search the textbooks for the problems which contain direct elements students must know to achieve the ultimate goal of the lesson. 3) To filter the underlying elements which students must know to solve the selected problems. 4) To draw up the structural map after correlating the filtered learning elements and arranged them in order of rank. 5) To put the numbers of teaching process on every single learning element, based on the completed structural map. 6) To present some problems to help students to acquire underlying elements and underlying skills. In this study, first, I made the learning objectives clear. And I checked what kinds of experience should be offered to learners. Next I clarified the principle and process of solving the tasks and necessary capability for prior learning. I expect the outcome of my research to provide both teachers and students with some teaching and learning guidelines. Particularly, since mathematics has strong order of rank, compared to other subjects, I am pretty certain that the outcome of this search will be very influential and helpful.

한국어 간섭으로 인한 영어 쓰기 오류의 분석적 연구

강승구 중부대학교 인문산업대학원 2007 국내석사

The objective of this study is to find and analyze English writing errors caused by Korean language interference of high school learners' and to suggest an efficient learning and teaching method. 110 students of 3rd grade from 3 classes of Bundang Jung Ang High School, Kyeonggi Province, participated in the experiment for the task. The examination and analysis of learning errors was done by questionnaires of 50 English sentences which are apt to cause many mistakes and errors in English writing. There are many causes of learning interferences that result in obstacles such as psychological or social differences, but this study was designed to investigate the grammatical, structural differences and expression of language that can directly affect on the learners' English writing. For the purpose of this study, learning errors made by the grammatical and structural differences were again classified into five subcategories: artical, noun and pronoun, verb, adjective and adverb, and word order. The errors of language expression were also divided into several subcategories: vocabulary like verb, noun, adjective & adverb, preposition, etc, and other expressions including cultural differences, improper expressions, structure of English, and wrong loan words. The result of study showed that the frequency of errors by the interference of the mother language was much higher than other errors come from the misunderstanding of target language and the extent of errors by mother language was even more serious than expected. Some errors were also found in the form of fossilized expressions as a result of the habitual misuse of the target language. Therefore, teachers have to made English learners recognize their own errors found in the process of learning and overcome them through the investigation and analysis of writing errors caused by the phenomenon of mother language interference. In addition, teachers have to try to create the practical teaching methods to develop English writing skill of their students and prevent the English learners from making errors by the interferences of mother language.

포스트모던 시대 기독교 청소년 상담에 관한 연구 : 청소년 인터넷 중독을 중심으로

강승구 亞細亞聯合神學大學校 大學院 2004 국내석사

Today could be represented with one word, Postmodernism. Postmodern Era has extreme pluralism and post-centralization at the center of the spirituality. This pluralistic trend effected actual phenomenon of culture and changed thought and behaviour of humanity directly and indirectly. The youth is the generation which exhibits postmodern tendency of culture in the most vivid colour. As the value system of the youth becomes pluralistic, it brought new ways of behavior. An example of those way of behaviour is internet addiction which entice the youth into the cyber world with the internet as a moderator. It soon became the most serious social problem. Internet addiction has high popularity and rapidly transfers among the public compared to drug, cotics or sexual addiction. Though it is the worst case of self-destruction, the public is not aware of this factor. Postmodernism is not just a part of an event but a general and comprehensive phenomenon of this age. For it is almost impossible to cover all the problem of youth in post modern era, this study limits its consideration on internet addiction of youth which is the dominant backward effect of postmodern culture. There are plenty of research papers on youth counseling as a part of pastoral consultation while comparatively few researches have been taken place on the subject of youth problem related to post modernism which has a big influence on the youth. Study on internet addiction of the youth and the alternative has been a particularly weak area. While there are many studies of literature, art and philosophy with the subject of postmodernism going on, studies of postmodernism related to christian counseling is rare. This situation is why this study is required. Up to now, christian counseling of the youth has relied on the free reason and rationality which is the result of modern trend of thought for cross-understanding. Accordingly, the existing method of consultation which appealed to rational reason or scientific statistics and adopted method of general psychology needs to be sublated. Even though the extreme pluralism of postmodernism is a crisis of christian theology, it provides an opportunity to present christian character of counseling. In other word, a counseling method with more vivid color of Christianity is desperately required. Therefore this study aims to find ways of recovering the soul and personality of the youth from internet addiction through a christian counseling based on the bible. The content of this study is abstracted as follows. It investigated postmodernism as the time spirituality of this age which is the main factor of cultural tendency of the youth. The youth are living a completely different world where the rationalism based on modernism and scientism based on cause-and-effect have disappeared and fondness on technocracy has collapsed. To guide and counseling the youth of this age, the content and characteristics of new age must be explored. Internet addiction is an example of breakaway to the cyber world. It is combined result of pop culture, pluralistic culture and cyber culture which is in lack of reality. So, understanding of postmodernism, the paradigm of new age, is required to talk about internet addiction. Accordingly, the introduction of this study observes the concept and ideological characteristics of post modernism and cultural phenomenon. Next part of the study explores the developmental characteristics of the youth in postmodern era. It is imperative to mention on the developmental characteristics of the youth to study christian counseling for youth who suffer from internet addiction. This part of the study explores physical, intellectual and social characteristics of the youth to have a general understanding of adolescence and argue the speciality of adolescence as so called marginal man. In addition to this, the characteristics of the youth in the postmodern era was investigated and it was concluded that the youth's cyber culture is a characteristic of postmodernism after the extinction of the enlightenment. For the next step, this study considered the actual situation of internet addiction. There was various type of internet addiction. Common types of internet addiction are addiction to communication, game and unsavory material. Kimberly S young divided others into categories of addiction to cyber sex, addiction to cyber relation, obsession to network, excessive merge on information and addiction to the computer. These addiction is seriously harming the youth who is referred as internet generation more than alcoholism harms the older generation. Finally, this study discuss about effective christian counseling to cure the internet addiction of the youth. As this study consider the internet addiction as an influence of postmodernism, the time spirituality of this age, an alternative of counseling to cure internet addiction is required. And the alternative of christian counseling adoptable to postmodern age is nothing but a christian counseling with the authority of the bible and effects of prayer. It is well-known fact that pluralism and post-centralism is the main idea of postmodernism. Postmodernism cognizes the world with a pluralistic and relative view. It seems to conflict traditional christian belief which is based on the absolute value of the bible and uniqueness of the God. However, several scholars like Thomas Oden accepts post modernism positively from the aspect of missionary and consider that postmodern pluralism could be a base to present the vivid color of Christianity. In other word, Oden took post modern age as a good time to go back to legitimism. This study explored the method of christian counseling to cure the youth who suffer from internet addiction which is the backward effect of cyber culture in post modern age and discovered that recovery of Christian spirituality through the bible and prayer is the most realistic and effective way. For concrete method, 12 steps program which is transformed from AA course for alcoholics was suggested and experience of despair, humility, self-abandonment, conversion, healing power of grace were presented as the concrete items of christian spirituality. The power of sin is increasing and christian counseling must be continued to guide the youth to the right path. The primary purpose of this study is to help the youth be free from the pain of internet addiction and enjoy the true freedom of life and, in the end, become a competent worker of Christ.

리머의 통합적 접근방법을 적용한 중학교 음악 감상교육 지도 방안 연구

강승구 상명대학교 교육대학원 2018 국내석사

이 연구는 리머의 통합적 접근방법을 적용하여 음악과 문학영역의 통합을 이루는 통합적 음악 감상교육 지도방안을 마련하는 것에 목적이 있다. 이를 위한 이론적 배경으로 통합교육과 음악 감상교육의 의미를 살펴보았다. 그 다음으로 통합적 음악 감상교육을 포함하는 통합적 음악교육의 필요성 및 유형에 대해 알아보았으며, 통합적 음악교육의 구체적인 교육방법을 제시한 이홍수, 프로세스, 리머의 통합적 접근방법에 대해 알아보고 비교하였다. 리머의 통합적 접근방법과 현재 우리나라 음악교육의 연계를 위해 2015 개정 음악과 교육과정에서 볼 수 있는 통합적 음악교육의 내용과 리머의 통합적 접근방법의 관련성에 대해 살펴보았다. 마지막으로 리머의 통합적 접근방법 중 역사적 접근방법을 적용하여 음악과 문학영역의 통합적 음악 감상교육을 위한 지도방안을 설계하고 그에 따른 구체적인 수업지도안을 제시하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 2015 개정 음악과 교육과정에 추가된 ‘음악교과와 타 영역과의 관련성’을 통해 최근 우리나라 음악교육에서 통합적 음악교육을 강조하고 있음을 볼 수 있었다. 둘째, 슈베르트의 예술가곡 <마왕>을 제재곡으로 선정하고 리머의 통합적 접근방법 중 역사적 접근방법을 적용하였다. 셋째, 낭만주의 시대의 역사적, 시대적 배경을 파악하기 위한 구체적이고 다양한 학습자료를 포함해서 수업지도안을 구성하여 제시하였다. 주제어: 리머, 통합적접근방법, 역사적, 통합교육, 음악감상교육 The purpose of this study is to develop the teaching guidance for music appreciation integrated with literature by applying Reimer’s integrated approach. For this, the significance of integrated education and music appreciation education was studied as theoretical background. Then, the necessity and types of integrated music education that includes integrated music appreciation were studied, and integrated approaches by Lee Hong-Soo, Process, and Reimer who suggested detailed teaching methods for integrated music were investigated and compared. To connect Reimer’s integrated approach and the current music education of Korea, correlation between the integrated music education in the 2015 revised music curriculum and Reimer’s integrated approach was explored. Lastly, the teaching guide for integrated education between music appreciation and literature was developed by applying the historical approach in Reimer’s integrated approach, and detailed teaching plans were suggested. The study results are as follows: First, ‘correlation between music curriculum and other areas,’ which was added to the 2015 revised music curriculum revealed that integrated music education had recently been emphasized in the Korean music education. Second, schubert’s artistic song <Der Erlkonig> was chosen as the song, and the historical approach of Reimer’s integrated approach was applied. Third, it is suggested a teaching plan including speciic and diverse learning materials to understand the historical and periodical background of Romanticism. key words: Reimer, Historic, Integrated

제작성을 고려한 UAM 추진용 고출력밀도형 AFPM 전동기 강건 최적설계

강승구 성균관대학교 일반대학원 2024 국내박사