혈장변성접착제를 사용한 내수합판의 특성

강석구 ( Seog Goo Kang ),이화형 ( Hwa Hyoung Lee ) 한국목재공학회 2011 목재공학 Vol.39 No.1

This study was carried out to examine properties of water resistant plywood by using serum protein adhesive which is natural environment-friendly and human-friendly. For the preparation of the serum protein adhesive, pig blood from slaughterhouse was centrifuged and serum was separated from corpuscles and concentrated to 30% by dry weight basis This concentrated serum protein was modified with PF resin(50% NVC) with the ratio of 9:2.5. Plywood made by this modified serum protein gave 1.21 N/mm2 of dry bonding strength, 0.80N/mm2 of wet boil bonding strength, 0% of cyclic delamination test value, and 0.025ppm of HCHO emission, which met the excellent super Eo grade and water resistant plywood.

녹차잎분말을 사용한 마루판의 특성

강석구(Seog Goo Kang),이화형(Hwa Hyoung Lee) 한국가구학회 2010 한국가구학회지 Vol.21 No.4

This research was carried out to examine the properties of fancy cherry veneer overlaid on the PF resin bonded Meranti plywood floor, which 2.5% green tea leaf powder was applied in the UV varnishes and the adhesives for scavenging the volatile organic compounds. The results were as follows: 1. The various properties of the treated samples, such as density, moisture content, thickness swelling, bending strength(MOR), adhesion shear strength, surface abrasion, curling, cyclic delamination test with boiling water, boiling property, cold-resistance and heat resistance, acid resistance and alkali resistance, and anti-contamination property showed no significant difference between the properties of the control samples. 2.5% green tea leaf powder treated floor gave a little better results than the control for surface scratch test. 2. In case of QUV and weathering test, no difference between the treated sample and control was found. 3. The floor was discolored by adding 10% green tea leaf powder to UV coating, and the floor was also discolored to light green during by the soaking test. The color of floor was not changed up to 5% addition level.

왕대의 3방향에 따른 초음파적 특성

강석구 ( Seog Goo Kang ),이화형 ( Hwa Hyoung Lee ) 한국목재공학회 2011 목재공학 Vol.39 No.1

This research was carried out to examine the ultrasonic properties of Phyllostachys bambusoids Sieb et Zucc depending on three directions for providing the fundamental properties of the Korea traditional flute, Daekeum. The ultrasonic properties of Phyllostachys bambusoides Sieb. et Zucc were found to be different from those of wood, because of the distinctive anatomical structure of bamboo tissue. The ultrasonic velocity of peripheral zone showed higher values of all three directions. The ratio of longitudinal velocities to perpendicular velocities showed 116 at peripheral zone, 170 at central zone, 1.38 at inner zone respectively. The ratio of radial velocities to tangential velocities were measured as 1.286 at peripheral zone, 1325 at central zone, 0.829 at inner zone respectively.

硼素化合物 處理 파티클로 製造한 보드의 性質

강석구(Seog Goo Kang),이종신(Jong Shin Lee),이화형(Hwa Hyoung Lee) 한국가구학회 1993 한국가구학회지 Vol.4 No.2

The biological resistance and fire endurance are important to the particle board for interior and furniture materials. To obtain basic informations concerning those properties. we manufactured boards of treated particles with boron compound as wood preservatives and investigated effects of boron compounds on the mechanical and physical properties of particle board.<br/> The results were as follows ‘<br/> 1. The optimum borax treatment was approximately 0.1 % for oven dried weight of particles. Treatment wi th O. 1 % content of borax showed increased internal bond strength of 117% and increased bending strength of 76% ‘<br/> 2. When treated with borax and boric acid. bending strength of board showed about 25% increase at the mixture ratio of borax and boric acid of 3 to 7. However. the effects of bonding was poor than those of sole borax<br/> 3. The treatment of boron compound had not effects on dimensional stability of board. Addition of paraffin wax emulsion is necessary to manufacture of the board.<br/> 4. The treatment of boron compound can be expected for the manufacture of special particle board wih biological resistance. fire endurance and good bonding properties.

녹차잎분말을 이용한 마루판의 유해 TVOC 제거효과

강석구 ( Seog Goo Kang ),이화형 ( Hwa Hyoung Lee ) 한국목재공학회 2008 목재공학 Vol.36 No.6

북미산 흑호두나무 Bi-Sn 용융합금 복합체의 제조와 특성

강석구(Seog Goo Kang),박계신(Kye-Shin Park),이호(Ho Lee),서인수(In Soo Seo),이종신(Jong Shin Lee),이화형(Hwa-hyoung Lee) 한국가구학회 2011 한국가구학회지 Vol.22 No.1

The metalized wood composites with natural grain of imported Juglans nigra, which was impregnated with low melting alloy were manufactured and evaluated in this study. And the proper manufacturing conditions was also investigated in this study. The low melting alloy with bismuth (Bi) and tin (Sn) which are harmless to humans, was applied to this new composites. The composites showed not only no defects of discoloration, delamination, swelling, and cracking, because of high dimensional stability and low thickness swelling, but also much improved performance such as high bending strength, high hardness, abrasion resistance, high thermal conductivity as floor materials. This study also suggested the proper impregnating condition, such as 10 minutes of the preliminary vacuum time, 186℃ of the heating temperature and 10 minutes of the maintaining pressure time at the pressure of 30 kgf/㎠. This metalized wood composites showed 7 times higher density than control, great increase in bending strength from 131.8 N/㎟ to 192.3 N/㎟, and great increase in hardness from 18.2 N/㎟ to 94.0 N/㎟. The composites demonstrated not only high emissivity of 91%, high shilding effectiveness of 92.59∼99.99%, high fire resistance but also great decrease in abrasion depth, water absorption and thickness swelling.

타닌 - MDI 접착제와 UF 의 혼합비에 따른 포름알데히드 방산 제거효과

이화형,강석구,김환생 ( Hwa Hyoung Lee,Seog Goo Kang,Hwan Saeng Kim ) 한국목재공학회 1995 한국목재공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.1995 No.-

버섯 폐배지의 연료화 및 품질개선을 위한 반탄화 최적화 연구

이창구 ( Chang-goo Lee ),최병훈 ( Byeong-hoon Choi ),구영모 ( Yeong-mo Koo ),강석구 ( Seog-goo Kang ) 한국목재공학회 2022 한국목재공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2022 No.2

This study was conducted as part of the purpose of realizing the fuelization and quality improvement using spent mushroom substrate through a torrefaction pretreatment. Conditions of torrefaction pretreatment were performed at temperatures of 250, 350, and 450°C and reaction times of 600, 1,200, and 1,800s, respectively. In order to confirm the fuel characteristics were conducted to proximate analysis and higher heating value. As the experimental materials, to determine the tendency of spent mushroom substrate according to the cultivation period of Letinula edodes, the products discarded after harvesting 2, 4, 6 and 8 cycles were used. As a result, higher heating value and content of fixed carbon has been increased and contents of moisture content and ash has been decreased the more torrefaction pretreatment for temperature and time increased. Furthermore, the results of calculating the energy yield through the higher heating value and the mass yield, it found that most suitable for molded charcoal of the manufacturing a conditions of 1,200-1,800s of 350°C in this study.

반탄화 목분과 폐활성탄 혼합물의 복합연료활용을 위한 연료적 특성에 관한 연구

이창구 ( Chang Goo Lee ),강석구 ( Seog Goo Kang ) 한국목재공학회 2015 목재공학 Vol.43 No.1

본 연구는 반탄화 목분과 정수기 필터용 폐활성탄 분쇄물을 혼합한 혼합물을 연료로 사용하였을 경우의 그 연료적 특성을 평가하고자 하였다. 반탄화 목분은 국산 범용수종인 졸참나무와 소나무를 이용하여 급속으로 목재칩 열가공처리가 가능한 wood roaster를 이용하여 처리하였으며 처리조건은 200℃에서 각 300 s, 450 s, 600 s를 적용하였다. 이때 폐활성탄과 반탄화 목분의 혼합비율은 중량대비(wt%) 5 : 95, 10 : 90, 15 : 85, 20 : 80, 40 : 60, 60 : 40, 80 : 20으로 하였으며, 이에 대한 연료적 특성에 평가를 위해 발열량, 원소분석, 회분함량 등을 측정하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 동일시간, 온도 등의 wood roasting 처리조건에서 소나무가 졸참나무에 비해 탄소함량이 더 높았으며, 이는 낮은온도와 짧은 시간에 최적 탄화도를 나타냄으로 소나무가 효율적인 반탄화 작업이 가능함을 알 수 있다. 2. 반탄화 목분 및 무처리 목분의 폐활성탄 첨가율이 증가할수록 총발열량 값은 급격히 증가하였고 회분함량 또한 증가하였다. 3. 반탄화 목분과 무처리 목분에 폐활성탄을 혼합한 경우에는 두 조건 모두 첨가율에 따라 총발열량은 증가하지만 무처리 보다는 반탄화 목분 그리고 졸참나무보다는 소나무가 더 높은 총발열량을 나타냈다. 4. 폐활성탄을 목분과 함께 혼합물의 원료로 사용하기 위해서는 800℃, 4시간 연소조건 이상의 고온 연소조건이 필요하다고 판단된다. 이는 800℃, 4시간 연소조건에서도 완전연소가 되지 않고 회분상태로 잔류하는 함량이 매우 높기 때문이다. 5. 또한 무처리 목분과 반탄화 목분에 폐활성탄을 혼합한 조건 중 무처리 목분에 폐활성탄을 혼합하는 조건이 총발열량의 증가율이 더 높게 나타났으며, 이러한 현상은 소나무보다는 졸참나무가 더 명확하게 나타났다. 최적 회분함량의 폐활성탄 첨가비율은 소나무 무처리 목분에 총 중량대비 5% 이상, 10% 미만의 조건이며 이는 1급 펠릿에 해당되는 0.7% 미만의 기준을 만족하는 것으로 나타났다. This study evaluated fuel properties of composite materials which were prepared by mixing a waste activated carbon from the used purifier filter with torrefied wood powder. Wood species of the raw material of torrefied wood powder are oak wood (Quercus serrata Thunb. ex Murray) and pine wood (Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc). And the treatment conditions used for this study were 300 s, 450 s, and 600 s at 200℃ for the wood roaster. Also, the mixing ratios are 5 : 95, 10 : 90, 15 : 85, 20 : 80, 40 : 60, 60 : 40 and 80 : 20 (waste activated carbon : torrefied wood powder). The fuel properties such as highly heating value (HHV), elementary analysis and ash content were evaluated. The results obtained are followings; 1. Despite the same treatment condition of wood roasting, pine wood has higher carbon contents than oak wood. Therefore, pine wood indicated the optimum carbonization at low temperature and short treatment times. 2. The gross calorific value and ash content increased as the mixing ratio of waste activated carbon increased. 3. Mixtures of the waste activated carbon and torrefied wood powder showed greater gross calorific value than those of the mixtures of waste activated carbon and the untreated wood powder. Also, the pine wood resulted in higher heating value that thaose of the oak wood. 4. When composite fuels that were composed waste activate carbon and wood powder are used, higher temperature conditions are required because the combustion is incomplete at 800℃ and 4 hours. 5. The increasing rate of the gross calorific value of mixtures of waste activated carbon and untreated wood powder is higher than does the mixtures of waste activated carbon and torrefied wood powder. Also, this phenomenon is more obvious for pine woods. Therefore, an optimal mixing ratio of waste activated carbon was determined to be between 5% and 10% (wt%). Also, this condition satisfied the requirement of the No.1 grade of wood pellet.

Calculation of Carbon Stocks on Korean Traditional House (Hanoks) in Korea

Chan Young Kang,Seog Goo Kang(강석구) 한국가구학회 2018 한국가구학회지 Vol.29 No.1

This study analyzes the contribution of hanok that construction in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Korea by calculating the carbon storage of hanoks and comparing it to different housing types in Korea. The hanok is a traditional Korean house. And it were first designed and built in the 14<SUP>th</SUP> century during thd Joseon Dynasty. According to our results, the number of hanoks in 2016 was approximately 547,085 which was accounting for 7.8% of the total construction market, This study found Gyeongbuk with 95,083, Jeonnam with 88,981, Gyeongnam with 76,388 and Seoul with 43,519 hanoks. According to the GHG Inventory Report for 2016, Korea’s total annual GHG emissions amounted to 650 million tCO₂, with the carbon stocks in hanoks amounting to 19.2 million tCO₂. This accounts for 2.8% of Korea’s total GHG emissions and 46.1% of the carbon absorbed by forests. Our results show that hanoks store four times more carbon than light-frame-wood-houses, and 15 times more carbon than concrete-reinforced and steel-frame houses. The main factors causing the hanok industry slowdown are the high construction costs, lack of government support, and insufficient knowledge of hanok architecture. Therefore, to further increase the carbon stock of hanok, more research is needed to improve the technical use of wood and reduce construction of the hanok and prepare legal and institutional arrangements related to hanok industry.